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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.heares.2016.12.008" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1016/j.heares.2016.12.008</a>
Pages
148–154
Volume
349
Dublin Core
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Title
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Noise-induced cochlear synaptopathy: Past findings and future studies.
Publisher
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Hearing research
Date
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2017
2017-06
Subject
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*Auditory Perception; *Hearing; *Hearing loss; *Molecular approach; *Preclinical model; *Spiral ganglion; *Synaptic loss; *Synaptic Transmission; Animals; Auditory; Hair Cells; Hearing Loss; Hearing Tests; Humans; Inner/*pathology; Noise-Induced/diagnosis/*pathology/physiopathology/psychology; Noise/*adverse effects; Predictive Value of Tests; Psychoacoustics; Spiral Ganglion/*pathology/physiopathology; Synapses/*pathology
Creator
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Kobel Megan; Le Prell Colleen G; Liu Jennifer; Hawks John W; Bao Jianxin
Description
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For decades, we have presumed the death of hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons are the main cause of hearing loss and difficulties understanding speech in noise, but new findings suggest synapse loss may be the key contributor. Specifically, recent preclinical studies suggest that the synapses between inner hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons with low spontaneous rates and high thresholds are the most vulnerable subcellular structures, with respect to insults during aging and noise exposure. This cochlear synaptopathy can be "hidden" because this synaptic loss can occur without permanent hearing threshold shifts. This new discovery of synaptic loss opens doors to new research directions. Here, we review a number of recent studies and make suggestions in two critical future research directions. First, based on solid evidence of cochlear synaptopathy in animal models, it is time to apply molecular approaches to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms; improved understanding is necessary for developing rational, effective therapies against this cochlear synaptopathy. Second, in human studies, the data supporting cochlear synaptopathy are indirect although rapid progress has been made. To fully identify changes in function that are directly related this hidden synaptic damage, we argue that a battery of tests including both electrophysiological and behavior tests should be combined for diagnosis of "hidden hearing loss" in clinical studies. This new approach may provide a direct link between cochlear synaptopathy and perceptual difficulties.
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.heares.2016.12.008" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.heares.2016.12.008</a>
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Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
*Auditory Perception
*Hearing
*Hearing loss
*Molecular approach
*Preclinical model
*Spiral ganglion
*Synaptic loss
*Synaptic Transmission
2017
Animals
Auditory
Bao Jianxin
Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology
Hair Cells
Hawks John W
Hearing Loss
Hearing research
Hearing Tests
Humans
Inner/*pathology
Kobel Megan
Le Prell Colleen G
Liu Jennifer
NEOMED College of Medicine
Noise-Induced/diagnosis/*pathology/physiopathology/psychology
Noise/*adverse effects
Predictive Value of Tests
Psychoacoustics
Spiral Ganglion/*pathology/physiopathology
Synapses/*pathology