1 40 1 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. URL Address <a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/dvg.23076" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1002/dvg.23076</a> Issue 1 Volume 56 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Review and experimental evaluation of the embryonic development and evolutionary history of flipper development and hyperphalangy in dolphins (Cetacea: Mammalia). Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018 2018-01 Subject The topic of the resource *Biological Evolution; *cetacea; *FGF; *flipper; *WNT; Animals; Body Patterning; Dolphins/*embryology; Extremities/*embryology; Mammals Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Cooper Lisa Noelle; Sears Karen E; Armfield Brooke A; Kala Bhavneet; Hubler Merla; Thewissen J G M Description An account of the resource Cetaceans are the only mammals to have evolved hyperphalangy, an increase in the number of phalanges beyond the mammalian plesiomorphic condition of three phalanges per digit. In this study, cetaceans were used as a novel model to review previous studies of mammalian hyperphalangy and contribute new experimental evidence as to the molecular origins of this phenotype in embryos of the pantropical spotted dolphin (Stenella attenuata). Results show embryos of dolphins, mice, and pigs share similar spatiotemporal patterns of signaling proteins known to shape limbs of mammals (e.g., FGF8, BMP2/4, WNT, GREM). However, fetal dolphins differ in that their interdigital tissues are retained, instead of undergoing apoptosis, and that multiple waves of interdigital signals likely contribute to the patterning of supernumerary joints and phalanges in adjacent digits. Integration of fossil and experimental evidence suggests that the presence of interdigital webbing within the fossils of semi-aquatic cetaceans, recovered from the Eocene Epoch (49Ma), was probably the result of Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context <a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/dvg.23076" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/dvg.23076</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s). *Biological Evolution *cetacea *FGF *flipper *WNT 2018 Animals Armfield Brooke A Body Patterning Cooper Lisa Noelle Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology Dolphins/*embryology Extremities/*embryology Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) Hubler Merla Kala Bhavneet Mammals NEOMED College of Medicine Sears Karen E Thewissen J G M