Browse Items · NEOMED Bibliography Database

We examined masseter recruitment and firing patterns during chewing in four adult ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta), using electromyography (EMG). During chewing of tougher foods, the working-side superficial masseter tends to show, on average, 1.7…

Tags: 2006, American journal of physical anthropology, Animals, Bite Force, Electromyography/methods, Female, Hylander William L, Johnson Kirk R, Lemur/*physiology, Male, Masseter Muscle/*physiology, Mastication/*physiology, Neurophysiological/physiology, Recruitment, Vinyard Christopher J, Wall Christine E, Williams Susan H

Glucagon and cAMP inhibit cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) gene expression in human hepatocytes: discordant regulation of bile acid synthesis and gluconeogenesis.

The gene encoding cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) is tightly regulated to control bile acid synthesis and maintain lipid homeostasis. Recent studies in mice suggest that bile acid synthesis is regulated by the fasted-to-fed cycle, and fasting…

Bile acids and cytokines inhibit the human cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase gene via the JNK/c-jun pathway in human liver cells.

Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) of the bile acid biosynthesis pathway is suppressed by bile acids and inflammatory cytokines. Bile acids are known to induce inflammatory cytokines to activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase/c-Jun…

Modified aminosilane substrates to evaluate osteoblast attachment, growth, and gene expression in vitro.

Bone cell-substrate interactions are important to understand in the design, selection, and surface modification of bone implants. To gain insight into such interactions, substrates designed with surface species approximating the physiological…

Tags: *Cell Adhesion, *Cell Division, *Gene Expression, *Silanes/chemistry, 2006, Alkaline Phosphatase/metabolism, Animals, Base Sequence, Chick Embryo, Collagen/metabolism, DNA Primers, Jacquet R, Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A, Landis W J, Osteoblasts/*cytology/enzymology/metabolism, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, RNA/isolation & purification/metabolism, Siperko L M

Effect of estrogen upon methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity within the impaired nigrostriatal dopaminergic system.

In the present study, we investigated whether estrogen remains effective as a neuroprotectant within an impaired nigrostriatal dopaminergic (NSDA) system of gonadectomized female and male mice. In Experiment 1, mice were treated with four different…

Testosterone modulation of striatal dopamine output in orchidectomized mice.

Three experiments are presented in which dopamine (DA) responses from superfused striatal tissue of orchidectomized (ORCH) mice treated or not with testosterone (T) are compared. In experiment 1, potassium-stimulated DA output was significantly…

Rotenone produces opposite effects upon mouse striatal dopamine function as a result of environmental temperature.

Rotenone is a commonly used pesticide that can function as an environmental neurotoxin. Rotenone is a known mitochondrial complex I inhibitor which can lead to oxidative stress and results in dopaminergic cell death. Another environmental factor…

Tags: *temperature, 2006, 3, 4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid/metabolism, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Brain Chemistry/drug effects/physiology/radiation effects, Corpus Striatum/*drug effects/metabolism, Crutchfield Karla C, Dluzen Dean E, Dopamine/*metabolism, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Insecticides/*pharmacology, Methamphetamine/pharmacology, Mice, Neurotoxicity research, Rotenone/*pharmacology

Splenic rupture following colonoscopy: two cases with CT findings.

Splenic injury following colonoscopy is extremely rare. We report a 75-year-old woman and a 35-year-old woman who presented to the emergency room with left upper quadrant and left shoulder pain following colonoscopy. Both patients were diagnosed by…

Tags: *Tomography, 2006, Abdominal Pain/diagnostic imaging/etiology, Adult, Aged, Colonoscopy/*adverse effects, Edwards D Makana, Emergency radiology, Female, Hemoperitoneum/diagnostic imaging/etiology/surgery, Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging/etiology/surgery, Humans, Johnson Craig, Mader Michael, Shoulder Pain/diagnostic imaging/etiology, Splenectomy, Splenic Rupture/*diagnostic imaging/*etiology/surgery, Vesy Thomas, X-Ray Computed

Cells in auditory cortex that project to the cochlear nucleus in guinea pigs.

Fluorescent retrograde tracers were used to identify the cells in auditory cortex that project directly to the cochlear nucleus (CN). Following injection of a tracer into the CN, cells were labeled bilaterally in primary auditory cortex and the…

Tags: 2006, Animals, Auditory Cortex/*cytology, Cochlear Nucleus/*cytology, Coomes Diana L, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Fluorescent Dyes, Guinea Pigs, Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO, NEOMED College of Medicine, Pyramidal Cells/*cytology, Schofield Brett R, Schofield Ryan M

Academic health centers and public health departments: partnership matters.

BACKGROUND: The Institute of Medicine has called for increased population-based training for healthcare professions students, and particularly medical students. For this to be effective, students should receive such training in the locations where…

Bone manifestations of actinomycosis.

Actinomycosis, originally classified as a fungus, is now considered a branching bacteria. Although jaw involvement often presents with classic pathognomonic signs, postcranial disease has not been so characterized. Affected bones from individuals…

Tags: 2006, Actinomycosis/complications/*pathology, Annals of diagnostic pathology, Barbian Lenore, Bone Diseases, Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Infectious/microbiology/*pathology, Multiple Myeloma/diagnosis, Mycoses/diagnosis, Naples Virginia, Rothschild Bruce, Tibia/microbiology/pathology

Resveratrol suppresses nuclear factor-kappaB in herpes simplex virus infected cells.

Resveratrol inhibits herpes simplex virus (HSV) replication by an unknown mechanism. Previously it was suggested that this inhibition may be mediated through a cellular factor essential for HSV replication [Docherty, J.J., Fu, M.M., Stiffler, B.S.,…

Resveratrol inhibition of varicella-zoster virus replication in vitro.

Resveratrol was found to inhibit varicella-zoster virus (VZV) replication in a dose-dependent and reversible manner. This decrease in virus production in the presence of resveratrol was not caused by direct inactivation of VZV or inhibition of virus…

Pharmacologic issues in geriatric emergency medicine.

The challenge for the practitioner is to balance incomplete evidence about efficacy of medications in frail older people against the problems related to adverse drug reactions without denying people potentially valuable pharmacotherapeutic…

Tags: *Emergency Medicine, *Health Services for the Aged, *Pharmaceutical Services, 2006, Aged, Blanda Michelle P, Department of Emergency Medicine, Drug Prescriptions/*standards, Emergency medicine clinics of North America, Humans, NEOMED College of Medicine, United States

Altered mental status in older emergency department patients.

This article reviews the significance of altered mental status in older emergency department patients. Specific diagnoses are discussed, including delirium, stupor and coma, and dementia, with a focus on delirium. Finally, an approach to all older…

Tags: 2006, Aged, Emergency medicine clinics of North America, Emergency Service, Hospital/*statistics & numerical data, Humans, Incidence, Mental Disorders/diagnosis/*epidemiology, Mental Status Schedule, United States/epidemiology, Wilber Scott T

Health promotion and disease prevention in the emergency department.

This article provides an overview of health promotion and disease and injury prevention concepts. It provides an emergency medicine perspective and reviews approaches that can be used in the emergency department. It discusses examples of innovative…

Tags: *Emergency Medical Services, 2006, Cause of Death/trends, Department of Emergency Medicine, Emergency medicine clinics of North America, Emergency Service, Gerson Lowell W, Health Behavior, Health Promotion/*methods, Hospital/*organization & administration/statistics & numerical data, Humans, NEOMED College of Medicine, Preventive Health Services/*organization & administration, Stiffler Kirk A

Pathways from auditory cortex to the cochlear nucleus in guinea pigs.

The inferior colliculus (IC) and superior olivary complex (SOC) are important sources of descending pathways to the cochlear nucleus. The IC and SOC are also targets of direct projections from the auditory cortex but it is not known if cortical axons…

Surgical Pearl: Removal of large oval lesions with a smaller round punch.

Tags: 2006, Brodell Robert T, Dermatology/*methods, Humans, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Nevus, Pigmented/pathology/*surgery, Skin Neoplasms/pathology/*surgery, Warino Lindsey Ann

Interleukin IL-12 blocks a specific subset of the transcriptional profile responsive to UVB in epidermal keratinocytes.

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a proinflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokine that plays a critical role it in innate and adaptive immunity by inducing production of interferon-gamma and other cytokines. IL-12 was shown to block the ultraviolet…

Tags: *Keratinocytes/metabolism/radiation effects, *Ultraviolet Rays, 2006, Blumenberg Miroslav, Cell Culture Techniques, Cells, Cultured, Epidermal Cells, Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects, Genetic/*radiation effects, Humans, Interleukin-12/*genetics/*metabolism/pharmacology, Molecular immunology, Molenda Matthew, Mukkamala Lakshmi, Transcription

Sex differences in methamphetamine-evoked striatal dopamine of mice are reversed by nomifensine.

Male mice show more severe striatal dopamine depletions to the psychostimulant, methamphetamine (MA). To gain some understanding for this sex difference, we examined MA-evoked dopamine (DA) responses from superfused striatal tissue fragments of male…

Expression of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide in the uterine cervix, lumbosacral dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord of rats during pregnancy.

The uterine cervix is highly innervated by the sensory nerves containing neuropeptides which change during pregnancy and are regulated, in part, by estrogen. These neuropeptides act as transmitters both in the spinal cord and cervix. The present…

Non-receptor activators of heterotrimeric G-protein signaling (AGS proteins).

G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling represents one of the most conserved and ubiquitous means in mammalian cells for transferring information across the plasma membrane to the intracellular environment. Heterotrimeric G-protein subunits play…

Tags: *Signal Transduction, 2006, Animals, Biological, Cismowski Mary J, G-Protein-Coupled/*metabolism, Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism, Humans, Models, Receptors, Seminars in cell & developmental biology

G protein coupling profile of mGluR6 and expression of G alpha proteins in retinal ON bipolar cells.

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 6 (mGluR6) is a group III, pertussis toxin (PTX)-sensitive G protein coupled mGluR that plays a specialized role in the retina. Retinal ON bipolar cells, which receive direct glutamatergic input from photoreceptor…

Effects of artifact rejection and bayesian weighting on the auditory brainstem response during quiet and active behavioral conditions.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of 2 noise reduction techniques on the auditory brainstem response (ABR). METHOD: ABRs of 20 normal hearing adults were recorded during quiet and active behavioral conditions using 2 stimulus intensity levels. Wave V…

Tags: *Artifacts, *Bayes Theorem, 2006, Adult, American journal of audiology, Auditory, Brain Stem/*physiology, Evoked Potentials, Female, Gans Donald, Humans, Male, Motor Activity/*physiology, Noise, Rest/physiology, Sanchez Jason Tait

Developmental basis for hind-limb loss in dolphins and origin of the cetacean bodyplan.

Among mammals, modern cetaceans (whales, dolphins, and porpoises) are unusual in the absence of hind limbs. However, cetacean embryos do initiate hind-limb bud development. In dolphins, the bud arrests and degenerates around the fifth gestational…

Tags: *Body Patterning, 2006, Animals, Bajpai S, Cell Polarity, Cohn M J, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Developmental, Dolphins/*embryology/genetics/metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation, Heyning J, Hindlimb/cytology/*embryology/metabolism, Horton W E Jr, Limb Buds/cytology/embryology/metabolism, NEOMED College of Medicine, Phylogeny, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Stevens L S, Thewissen J G M

A Prospero-related homeodomain protein is a novel co-regulator of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha that regulates the cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase gene.

Prox1, an early specific marker for developing liver and pancreas in foregut endoderm has recently been shown to interact with alpha-fetoprotein transcription factor and repress cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) gene transcription. Using a…

Tags: *Gene Expression Regulation, 2006, Aged, Amino Acid Motifs, Bile Acids and Salts/metabolism, Cell Line, Cell Nucleus/metabolism, Cells, Chiang John Y L, Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase/*chemistry/*genetics, Cultured/metabolism, Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Enzymologic, Female, Genes, Genetic, Gluconeogenesis, Glutathione Transferase/metabolism, Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4/metabolism/*physiology, Hepatocytes/metabolism, Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism/*physiology, Humans, Immunoprecipitation, Li Tiangang, Liver/metabolism, Luciferases/metabolism, Male, Messenger/metabolism, Middle Aged, NEOMED College of Medicine, Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP)/metabolism, Plasmids/metabolism, Protein Structure, Reporter, Response Elements, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism, Song Kwang-Hoon, Tertiary, The Journal of biological chemistry, Time Factors, Transcription, Transcriptional Activation, Transfection, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Two-Hybrid System Techniques

Insulin regulation of cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase expression in human hepatocytes: roles of forkhead box O1 and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c.

Bile acid synthesis and pool size increases in diabetes, whereas insulin inhibits bile acid synthesis. The objective of this study is to elucidate the mechanism of insulin regulation of cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase gene expression in human…

A sexual history-taking curriculum for second year medical students.

The purpose of this study is to describe the evaluation of a sexual history-taking curriculum and correlates of student performance during a Clinical Skills Assessment. Reading assignments, small group discussions, a Saturday Sex workshop and…

Innate and adaptive host response during the initial phase of herpes simplex virus encephalitis in the neonatal mouse.

To study early events of neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis and its sequelae, the authors induced a controlled infection in the brains of mice using HSVgH, a genetically modified Disabled Infective Single Cycle virus. Neonatal Balb/C…

A foreigner in my own country: forgetting the heterogeneity of our national community.

Tags: *Bioethics, *Poverty, *Social Welfare, 2006, Aultman Julie M, Awareness, College of Graduate Studies, Department of Family & Community Medicine, Empirical Research, Employment, Humans, Information Dissemination, NEOMED College of Graduate Studies, NEOMED College of Medicine, Rural Health Services/*ethics, The American journal of bioethics : AJOB, United States

Transition of patients from chronic kidney disease to end-stage renal disease: better practices for better outcomes.

Tags: 2006, Amedia Chester A, Anemia/complications, Cardiovascular Diseases/complications, Chronic Disease, Chronic/complications/*therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Disease management : DM, Humans, Hypertension/complications, Kidney Diseases/complications/*therapy, Kidney Failure, NEOMED College of Medicine, Perazella Mark A, Practice Guidelines as Topic

Implementing the logic model for measuring the value of faculty affairs activities.

In today's environment of increasing accountability in higher education and health care, it is critical that administrative units of a medical school demonstrate the added value of their activities to the school's mission and that these units…

Tags: *Logistic Models, 2006, Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, Decision Making, Employee Performance Appraisal, Faculty, Humans, Medical/*organization & administration/*standards, Medical/*standards, Morahan Page S, Novielli Karen, Organizational Policy, Otto Ann K, Professional Competence, Schools

Making fun of patients: medical students' perceptions and use of derogatory and cynical humor in clinical settings.

PURPOSE: It has long been known that medical students become more cynical as they move through their training, and at times even exhibit "ethical erosion." This study examines one dimension of this phenomenon: how medical students perceive and use…

Comparing millennial and generation X medical students at one medical school.

PURPOSE: Two main generational cohorts comprising students enrolled in medical schools today are Generation Xers (born 1965-1980) and Millennial students (born

Tags: *Personality, 2006, Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, Adolescent, Adult, Borges Nicole J, Cohort Effect, Elam Carol L, Female, Humans, Jones Bonnie J, Male, Manuel R Stephen, Medical/*classification/psychology/statistics & numerical data, Multivariate Analysis, Ohio, Students, Surveys and Questionnaires

Screening for nephropathy and antiangiotensin use among diabetic patients in an academic community medical center.

The American Diabetes Association recommends routine screening for albuminuria to detect early nephropathy in all patients with diabetes mellitus. If nephropathy is identified, treatment with an antiangiotensin agent decreases progression and…

Clinical implications and treatment of multiresistant Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading bacterial cause of community-acquired respiratory tract infections. Prior to the 1970s this pathogen was uniformly susceptible to penicillin and most other antimicrobials. However, since the 1990s there has…

Tags: 2006, Anti-Infective Agents/*therapeutic use, Bacterial, Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Community-Acquired Infections/*drug therapy/economics/*microbiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Drug Resistance, File T M Jr, Fluoroquinolones/*therapeutic use, Humans, Ketolides/therapeutic use, Multiple, NEOMED College of Medicine, Pneumococcal/*drug therapy/economics/*microbiology, Pneumonia, Streptococcus pneumoniae/*growth & development

Rifampicin induction of CYP3A4 requires pregnane X receptor cross talk with hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha and coactivators, and suppression of small heterodimer partner gene expression.

Bile acids and drugs activate pregnane X receptor (PXR) to induce CYP3A4, which is the predominant cytochrome P450 enzyme expressed in the liver and intestine and plays a critical role in detoxifying bile acids and drugs, and protecting against…

Tags: 2006, Antibiotics, Antitubercular/*pharmacology, Blotting, Cell Line, Chiang John Y L, Chromatin/metabolism, Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/*biosynthesis, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/*biosynthesis/*drug effects/genetics, Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay, Enzyme Induction/drug effects, Glutathione Transferase/metabolism, Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4/genetics/*metabolism, Hepatocytes/drug effects/metabolism, Humans, Immunoprecipitation, Li Tiangang, Messenger/biosynthesis, NEOMED College of Medicine, Plasmids/genetics, Pregnane X Receptor, Receptor Cross-Talk/drug effects, Receptors, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Rifampin/*pharmacology, RNA, Steroid/*drug effects/genetics, Transfection, Tumor, Western

Functional selectivity of NK1 receptor signaling: peptide agonists can preferentially produce receptor activation or desensitization.

A cascade of events follows binding of an agonist ligand to the tachykinin NK(1) receptor. These events include activation of multiple signal transduction pathways as well as cellular modulation of receptor function by the process of desensitization.…

Tags: 2006, Animals, CHO Cells, Cricetinae, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Humans, Neurokinin-1/agonists/drug effects/*physiology, Rana catesbeiana, Rats, Receptors, Signal Transduction/*physiology, Simmons Mark A, Substance P/metabolism/pharmacology, Tachykinins/metabolism/pharmacology, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics

Vaccines: all things considered.

Tags: *Vaccines/biosynthesis/economics/immunology, 2006, Adjuvants, Antigen Presentation, Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI, Drug Industry/trends, Immunologic/pharmacology, Rosenthal Ken S, Zimmerman Daniel H

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