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Animal models have significantly contributed to understanding the pathophysiology of chronic subjective tinnitus. They are useful because they control etiology, which in humans is heterogeneous; employ random group assignment; and often use methods…

BACKGROUND: The acoustic startle reflex (ASR) is a rapid, involuntary movement to sound, found in many species. The ASR can be modulated by external stimuli and internal state, making it a useful tool in many disciplines. ASR data collection and…