Browse Items · NEOMED Bibliography Database

Are we looking for loads in all the right places? New research directions for studying the masticatory apparatus of New World monkeys.

New World monkeys display a wide range of masticatory apparatus morphologies related to their diverse diets and feeding strategies. While primatologists have completed many studies of the platyrrhine masticatory apparatus, particularly morphometric…

Tags: 2011, Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007), Animals, Biological Evolution, Eating/physiology, Feeding Behavior/*physiology, Glander Kenneth E, Jaw/anatomy & histology/physiology, Mandible/anatomy & histology/*physiology, Mastication/*physiology, Platyrrhini/anatomy & histology/*physiology, Ravosa Matthew J, Rossie James B, Ryan Timothy M, Taylor Andrea B, Teaford Mark F, Vinyard Christopher J, Williams Susan H

Seasonal and Ontogenetic Variation in Subcutaneous Adipose Of the Bowhead Whale (Balaena mysticetus).

Cetacean evolution was shaped by an extraordinary land-to-sea transition in which the ancestors of whales became fully aquatic. As part of this transition, these mammals evolved unusually thick blubber which acts as a metabolic reservoir as well as…

Sensory Hairs in the Bowhead Whale, Balaena mysticetus (Cetacea, Mammalia).

We studied the histology and morphometrics of the hairs of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus). These whales are hairless except for two patches of more than 300 hairs on the rostral tip of the lower lip and chin, the rostral tip of the upper lip,…

Dental maturation, eruption, and gingival emergence in the upper jaw of newborn primates.

In this report we provide data on dental eruption and tooth germ maturation at birth in a large sample constituting the broadest array of non-human primates studied to date. Over 100 perinatal primates, obtained from natural captive deaths, were…

Ontogeny of the Orbital Glands and Their Environs in the Pantropical Spotted Dolphin (Stenella attenuata: Delphinidae).

The nasolacrimal duct (NLD) connects the orbital (often associated with the Deep Anterior Orbital gland: DAOG, a.k.a. Harderian gland) and nasal regions in many tetrapods. Adult cetaceans are usually said to lack an NLD, and there is little agreement…

Jaw-Muscle Fiber Architecture and Leverage in the Hard-Object Feeding Sooty Mangabey are not Structured to Facilitate Relatively Large Bite Forces Compared to Other Papionins.

Numerous studies have sought to link craniofacial morphology with behavioral ecology in primates. Extant hard-object feeders have been of particular interest because of their potential to inform our understanding about the diets of early fossil…

Age-related expression patterns of Bag-1 and Bcl-2 in growth plate and articular chondrocytes.

Aging cartilage displays increased chondrocyte apoptosis and decreased responsiveness of chondrocytes to growth factors. The molecular mechanisms responsible for these changes have not been identified. Bag-1 is a Bcl-2-binding protein that promotes…

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Pentacycloundecylamines and Triquinylamines as Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel Blockers.

Preclinical studies for neurodegenerative diseases have shown a multi-targeted approach to be successful in the treatment of these complex disorders with several pathoetiological pathways. Polycyclic compounds, such as NGP1-01 (7a), have demonstrated…

MicroRNA-602 and microRNA-608 regulate sonic hedgehog expression via target sites in the coding region in human chondrocytes.

OBJECTIVE: Hedgehog (HH) signaling has recently been associated with cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis (OA). Because interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) has been implicated as a principal instigator of OA, we sought to determine whether

Tags: 2015, Academic Medical Centers, Aged, Akhtar Nahid, Analysis of Variance, Animal, Animals, Anterior Cruciate Ligament/surgery, Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), Blotting, Cells, Chondrocytes – Physiology, Chondrocytes/drug effects/*metabolism/pathology, Cultured, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Disease Models, Female, Funding Source, Gene Expression Regulation/genetics/*physiology, Haqqi Tariq M, Hedgehog Proteins/genetics/*metabolism, HEK293 Cells, Human, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, In Vitro Techniques, Interleukin-1beta/pharmacology, Knee/etiology/*metabolism/pathology, Makki Mohammad S, Male, Matrix Metalloproteinase 13/metabolism, MicroRNAs/genetics/*metabolism, Middle Age, Middle Aged, NEOMED College of Medicine, Ohio, Open Reading Frames/genetics/*physiology, Osteoarthritis, Osteoarthritis – Epidemiology, Osteoarthritis – Physiopathology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Rabbits, Signal Transduction/genetics/physiology, T-Tests, Transfection, Up-Regulation/drug effects/genetics/physiology, Western

Design and use of peptide-based antibodies decreasing superoxide production by mitochondrial complex I and complex II.

Mitochondria are the major source of reactive oxygen species. Both complex I and complex II mediate O2*- production in mitochondria and host reactive protein thiols. To explore the functions of the specific domains involved in the redox modifications…

Persistence of intact retinal ganglion cell terminals after axonal transport loss in the DBA/2J mouse model of glaucoma.

Axonal transport defects are an early pathology occurring within the retinofugal projection of the DBA/2J mouse model of glaucoma. Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons and terminals are detectable after transport is affected, yet little is known about…

Tags: *Axonal Transport/physiology, *bouton, *Mitochondria, *neurodegeneration, *retinal, *RRID:IMSRJAX:000671, *RRID:IMSRJAX:007048, *RRID:SCR002716, *RRID:SCR002865, *superior colliculus, *synapse, 2016, Animal, Animals, Crish Samuel D, Dengler-Crish Christine M, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Disease Models, Electron, Fening Kelly M, Glaucoma/metabolism/*pathology, Imaging, Inbred DBA, Inman Denise M, Mice, Microscopy, Mitochondria/pathology, NEOMED College of Medicine, NEOMED College of Pharmacy, Neuroanatomical Tract-Tracing Techniques, Regression Analysis, Retinal Ganglion Cells/metabolism/*pathology, Scanning, Schofield Brett R, Smith Matthew A, Superior Colliculi/metabolism/*pathology, Synapses/metabolism/*pathology, The Journal of comparative neurology, Three-Dimensional, Visual Pathways/metabolism/pathology, Xia Christina Z

Immunohistochemical localization of substance P, somatostatin, enkephalin, and serotonin in the spinal cord of the northern leopard frog, Rana pipiens.

Using the indirect antibody peroxidase-antiperoxidase method of Sternberger, we localized substance P (SP), somatostatin (SOM), enkephalin (ENK), and serotonin (5HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine) in the spinal cord of Rana pipiens. This is the first study to…

Tags: 1988, Adli D S, Animals, Cruce W L, Enkephalins/analysis, Ho R H, Immunoenzyme Techniques, Male, Neuropeptides/*analysis, Rana pipiens/anatomy & histology/*metabolism, Rosenthal B M, Serotonin/analysis, Somatostatin/analysis, Spinal Cord/*analysis, Substance P/analysis, The Journal of comparative neurology, Yuen G L

Localization of serotonin, tyrosine hydroxylase, and leu-enkephalin immunoreactive cells in the brainstem of the horn shark, Heterodontus francisci.

In previous studies on reptiles and elasmobranchs, we determined that some reticular groups are either absent or may be displaced compared to their locations in mammals. For example, nucleus raphe dorsalis, the largest serotoninergic cell group in…

Immunohistochemical localization of serotoninergic, enkephalinergic, and catecholaminergic cells in the brainstem and diencephalon of a cartilaginous fish, Hydrolagus colliei.

We localized serotonin (5-HT), leu-enkephalin (LENK), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactive cells in the brain of a holocephalian, Hydrolagus colliei, by use of antibodies made in rabbit and the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. Only three…

Tags: 1991, Animals, Brain Stem/cytology/*metabolism, Catecholamines/*metabolism, Cruce W L, Diencephalon/cytology/*metabolism, Enkephalins/*metabolism, Female, Fishes/*metabolism, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Neurons/metabolism, Serotonin/*metabolism, Stuesse S L, The Journal of comparative neurology, Tissue Distribution

Projections of physiologically defined subdivisions of the inferior colliculus in the mustached bat: targets in the medial geniculate body and extrathalamic nuclei.

This study examined the output of the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus to the medial geniculate body and other parts of the nervous system in the mustached bat (Pteronotus parnellii). Small deposits of anterograde tracers (horseradish…

Tags: 1994, Acoustic Stimulation, Animals, Axons/ultrastructure, Brain Mapping, Chiroptera/*physiology, College of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Geniculate Bodies/*physiology, Inferior Colliculi/*physiology, Larue D T, NEOMED College of Medicine, Neural Pathways/*physiology, Synaptic Transmission, Thalamic Nuclei/*physiology, The Journal of comparative neurology, Wenstrup J J, Winer J A

Raphe nuclei in three cartilaginous fishes, Hydrolagus colliei, Heterodontus francisci, and Squalus acanthias.

The vertebrate reticular formation, containing over 30 nuclei in mammals, is a core brainstem area with a long evolutionary history. However, not all reticular nuclei are equally old. Nuclei that are widespread among the vertebrate classes are…

Tags: *Biological Evolution, 1995, Animals, Cruce W L, Dogfish/*anatomy & histology/metabolism, Elasmobranchii/*anatomy & histology/metabolism, Enkephalin, Immunohistochemistry, Leucine/analysis, Raphe Nuclei/*anatomy & histology/chemistry, Serotonin/analysis, Sharks/*anatomy & histology/metabolism, Stuesse D C, Stuesse S L, The Journal of comparative neurology

Bile acid metabolism and signaling.

Bile acids are important physiological agents for intestinal nutrient absorption and biliary secretion of lipids, toxic metabolites, and xenobiotics. Bile acids also are signaling molecules and metabolic regulators that activate nuclear receptors and…

Macroevolutionary developmental biology: Embryos, fossils, and phylogenies.

The field of evolutionary developmental biology is broadly focused on identifying the genetic and developmental mechanisms underlying morphological diversity. Connecting the genotype with the phenotype means that evo-devo research often considers a…

Review and experimental evaluation of the embryonic development and evolutionary history of flipper development and hyperphalangy in dolphins (Cetacea: Mammalia).

Cetaceans are the only mammals to have evolved hyperphalangy, an increase in the number of phalanges beyond the mammalian plesiomorphic condition of three phalanges per digit. In this study, cetaceans were used as a novel model to review previous…

Transgenic expression of cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase in the liver prevents high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice.

UNLABELLED: Cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the bile acid biosynthetic pathway that converts cholesterol into bile acids in the liver. Recent studies have shown that bile acids may play an important role in…

Overexpression of cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase promotes hepatic bile acid synthesis and secretion and maintains cholesterol homeostasis.

UNLABELLED: We reported previously that mice overexpressing cytochrome P450 7a1 (Cyp7a1; Cyp7a1-tg mice) are protected against high fat diet-induced hypercholesterolemia, obesity, and insulin resistance. Here, we investigated the underlying mechanism…

Deficiency of G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor Gpbar1 (TGR5) enhances chemically induced liver carcinogenesis.

UNLABELLED: Gpbar1 (TGR5), a membrane-bound bile acid receptor, is well known for its roles in regulation of energy homeostasis and glucose metabolism. TGR5 activation also inhibits nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB)-mediated inflammation. Here we…

Regulation of cholesterol and bile acid homeostasis by the cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase/steroid response element-binding protein 2/microRNA-33a axis in mice.

UNLABELLED: Bile acid synthesis not only produces physiological detergents required for intestinal nutrient absorption, but also plays a critical role in regulating hepatic and whole-body metabolic homeostasis. We recently reported that…

All-trans-retinoic acid ameliorates hepatic steatosis in mice by a novel transcriptional cascade.

UNLABELLED: Mice deficient in small heterodimer partner (SHP) are protected from diet-induced hepatic steatosis resulting from increased fatty acid oxidation and decreased lipogenesis. The decreased lipogenesis appears to be a direct consequence of…

Hepatic carboxylesterase 1 is essential for both normal and farnesoid X receptor-controlled lipid homeostasis.

UNLABELLED: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the major health concerns worldwide. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is considered a therapeutic target for treatment of NAFLD. However, the mechanism by which activation of FXR lowers hepatic…

Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2: a novel bile acid receptor and regulator of hepatic lipid metabolism?

Tags: 2015, Animals, Chiang John Y L, Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), NEOMED College of Medicine

Negative feedback regulation of bile acid metabolism: impact on liver metabolism and diseases.

Tags: 2015, Animals, Bile Acids and Salts/*metabolism, Chiang John Y L, Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Feedback, Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), Humans, Liver Diseases/*metabolism, Liver/*metabolism, Mice, NEOMED College of Medicine, Physiological/*physiology

Carboxylesterase 2 prevents liver steatosis by modulating lipolysis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and lipogenesis and is regulated by hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha in mice.

UNLABELLED: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disease that ranges from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). So far, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we show that hepatic…

Tags: *Lipid Metabolism, 2016, Adiposity, Animals, Carboxylesterase/*metabolism, Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases/genetics/*metabolism, Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Diabetes Mellitus, Diet, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Energy Metabolism, Experimental/enzymology, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Glucose Tolerance Test, Glucose/metabolism, Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4/*metabolism, Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), High-Fat/adverse effects, Homeostasis, Humans, Inbred C57BL, Jadhav Kavita, Kasumov Takhar, Li Yuanyuan, Lipogenesis, Lipolysis, Liver/enzymology, Male, Mice, NEOMED College of Medicine, NEOMED College of Pharmacy, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/*etiology/metabolism, Obesity/enzymology/etiology, Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1/metabolism, Xu Yang, Yin Liya, Zalzala Munaf, Zhang Yanqiao

G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor plays a key role in bile acid metabolism and fasting-induced hepatic steatosis in mice.

Bile acids are signaling molecules that play a critical role in regulation of hepatic metabolic homeostasis by activating nuclear farnesoid X receptor (Fxr) and membrane G-protein-coupled receptor (Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5; Tgr5). The role…

Farnesoid X receptor activation increases reverse cholesterol transport by modulating bile acid composition and cholesterol absorption in mice.

UNLABELLED: Activation of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) markedly attenuates development of atherosclerosis in animal models. However, the underlying mechanism is not well elucidated. Here, we show that the FXR agonist, obeticholic acid (OCA), increases…

Small heterodimer partner deletion prevents hepatic steatosis and when combined with farnesoid X receptor loss protects against type 2 diabetes in mice.

Nuclear receptors farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and small heterodimer partner (SHP) are important regulators of bile acid, lipid, and glucose homeostasis. Here, we show that global Fxr (-/-) Shp(-/-) double knockout (DKO) mice are refractory to weight…

Development of inhibitory and excitatory synaptic transmission in the rat dentate gyrus.

We studied the ontogeny of inhibitory and excitatory processes in the rat dentate gyrus by examining paired-pulse plasticity in the hippocampal slice preparation. The mature dentate gyrus produces characteristic paired-pulse responses across a wide…

Tags: 1994, Action Potentials, Animals, DiScenna P G, Hippocampus, Hippocampus/*growth & development, Neuronal Plasticity/*physiology, Rats, Reaction Time, Synapses/physiology, Teyler T J

Multideterminant role of calcium in hippocampal synaptic plasticity.

Hippocampal CA1 cells possess several varieties of long-lasting synaptic plasticity: two different forms of long-term potentiation (LTP) and at least one form of long-term depression (LTD). All forms of synaptic plasticity are induced by afferent…

Tags: 1994, Animals, Calcium/*physiology, Cavus I, Coussens C, DiScenna P, Grover L, Hippocampus, Hippocampus/drug effects/*physiology, Humans, Lee Y P, Little Z, Neuronal Plasticity/drug effects/*physiology, Synapses/drug effects/*physiology, Teyler T J

Modified aminosilane substrates to evaluate osteoblast attachment, growth, and gene expression in vitro.

Bone cell-substrate interactions are important to understand in the design, selection, and surface modification of bone implants. To gain insight into such interactions, substrates designed with surface species approximating the physiological…

Tags: *Cell Adhesion, *Cell Division, *Gene Expression, *Silanes/chemistry, 2006, Alkaline Phosphatase/metabolism, Animals, Base Sequence, Chick Embryo, Collagen/metabolism, DNA Primers, Jacquet R, Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A, Landis W J, Osteoblasts/*cytology/enzymology/metabolism, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, RNA/isolation & purification/metabolism, Siperko L M

Coordinate down-regulation of cartilage matrix gene expression in Bcl-2 deficient chondrocytes is associated with decreased SOX9 expression and decreased mRNA stability.

The anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 has been shown to function in roles unrelated to apoptosis in a variety of cell types. We have previously reported that loss of Bcl-2 expression alters chondrocyte morphology and modulates aggrecan expression via an…

A novel role for Bcl-2 associated-athanogene-1 (Bag-1) in regulation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response in mammalian chondrocytes.

BAG-1 (Bcl-2 associated athanogene-1) is a multifunctional protein, linking cell proliferation, cell death, protein folding, and cell stress. In vivo, BAG-1 is expressed in growth plate and articular cartilage, and the expression of BAG-1 is…

The presence of extracellular matrix alters the chondrocyte response to endoplasmic reticulum stress.

The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that extracellular matrix (ECM) would alter the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response of chondrocytes. Chondrocytes were isolated from calf knees and maintained in monolayer culture or…

Developmental changes in levels of growth hormone mRNA in Zucker rats.

Levels of pituitary growth hormone (GH) messenger RNA (mRNA) were compared in groups of genetically obese (fa/fa) and lean (Fa/-) littermate male Zucker rats at four different ages, 3, 5, 9, and 11 weeks, in order to determine the earliest age at…

Osteoactivin promotes osteoblast adhesion through HSPG and alphavbeta1 integrin.

Osteoactivin (OA), also known as glycoprotein nmb (gpnmb) plays an important role in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation and function. OA induced osteoblast differentiation and function in vitro by stimulating alkaline phosphatase (ALP)…

Tags: 2014, 3T3 Cells, Abdelmagid Samir M, Actin Cytoskeleton/physiology, ADHESION, Alkaline Phosphatase/biosynthesis, Animals, Antibodies/immunology, Cell Adhesion, Cell Differentiation, Cell Line, Cell Proliferation, Chlorates/pharmacology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/biosynthesis, Eye Proteins/genetics/immunology/*metabolism, Focal Adhesion Kinase 1/biosynthesis, Focal Adhesions, Frara Nagat, Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans/*metabolism, Heparin/pharmacology, Hisijara Israel Arango, Inbred C57BL, integrin, Journal of cellular biochemistry, Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics/immunology/*metabolism, Mice, Moussa Fouad M, NEOMED College of Medicine, OSTEOACTIVIN, OSTEOBLAST, OSTEOBLAST DIFFERENTIATION, Osteoblasts/*physiology, Osteogenesis/physiology, Protein Binding, Rats, Receptors, Recombinant Proteins, Safadi Fayez F, Scott Ethan M, Sondag Gregory R, Vitronectin/immunology/*metabolism

Macrophage-Associated Osteoactivin/GPNMB Mediates Mesenchymal Stem Cell Survival, Proliferation, and Migration Via a CD44-Dependent Mechanism.

Although MSCs have been widely recognized to have therapeutic potential in the repair of injured or diseased tissues, it remains unclear how functional activities of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are influenced by the surrounding inflammatory milieu…

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