Browse Items · NEOMED Bibliography Database

Why adult mammalian intrafusal and extrafusal fibers contain different myosin heavy-chain isoforms.

Multiple isoforms of the contractile protein myosin are present in mammalian skeletal muscles. The diversity of the heavy-chain subunits of myosin (MyHCs) in intrafusal fibers is thought to reflect a pathway of differentiation that is unique to…

Whales originated from aquatic artiodactyls in the Eocene epoch of India.

Although the first ten million years of whale evolution are documented by a remarkable series of fossil skeletons, the link to the ancestor of cetaceans has been missing. It was known that whales are related to even-toed ungulates (artiodactyls), but…

Weighted Lin-Wang tests for crossing hazards.

Lin and Wang have introduced a quadratic version of the logrank test, appropriate for situations in which the underlying survival distributions may cross. In this note, we generalize the Lin-Wang procedure to incorporate weights and investigate the…

Tags: *Survival Analysis, 2014, Algorithms, Animal, Animals, Computational and mathematical methods in medicine, Computer Simulation, Data Interpretation, Disease Models, Humans, Jia Zhenyu, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Koziol James A, Leukemia/drug therapy, Mice, Models, Reproducibility of Results, Statistical

Virtual screening to identify novel antagonists for the G protein-coupled NK3 receptor.

The NK(3) subtype of tachykinin receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor that is a potential therapeutic target for several neurological diseases, including schizophrenia. In this study, we have screened compound databases for novel NK(3) receptor…

VDCCs and NMDARs underlie two forms of LTP in CA1 hippocampus in vivo.

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor/channel (NMDAR) and voltage-dependent calcium channel (VDCC) antagonists applied independently reduce the magnitude of long-term potentiation (LTP) in area CA1 of the hippocampal slice preparation. When used in…

Tags: 1999, Animals, Calcium Channel Blockers/*pharmacology, Dizocilpine Maleate/pharmacology, Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/*pharmacology, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials/drug effects, Hippocampus/*drug effects, Journal of neurophysiology, Long-Evans, Long-Term Potentiation/*drug effects, Male, Membrane Potentials/physiology, Morgan S L, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/*antagonists & inhibitors, Rats, Receptors, Teyler T J, Verapamil/pharmacology

Vascular precursor cells in tissue injury repair.

Vascular precursor cells include stem cells and progenitor cells giving rise to all mature cell types in the wall of blood vessels. When tissue injury occurs, local hypoxia and inflammation result in the generation of vasculogenic mediators which…

Variation in quantitative measures of enamel prisms from different species as assessed using confocal microscopy.

This study presents a statistical analysis of variability in six measures of enamel prism and ameloblast size and spacing gathered using confocal microscopy, and applies the results to a consideration of appropriate sampling strategies for taxonomic…

Tags: 1996, Animals, Archives of oral biology, Chiroptera/anatomy & histology, Confocal, Crystallography, Dental Enamel/*ultrastructure, Dumont E R, Electron, Galago/anatomy & histology, Insectivora/anatomy & histology, Lemur/anatomy & histology, Lemuridae/anatomy & histology, Mammals/*anatomy & histology, Microscopy, Primates/anatomy & histology, Scanning, Species Specificity

Vanadium in the detection, prevention and treatment of cancer: the in vivo evidence.

Vanadium, a dietary micronutrient, is yet to be established as an essential part of the human diet. Over the past century, several biological effects of vanadium, such as insulin-mimetic action as well as amelioration of hyperlipidemia and…

Tags: 10-Dimethyl-1, 2-benzanthracene, 2010, 9, Animal, Animals, Biological, Bishayee Anupam, Breast Neoplasms – Chemically Induced, Breast Neoplasms – Diagnosis, Breast Neoplasms – Drug Therapy, Cancer letters, Cell Division – Drug Effects, Cell Division/drug effects, Chatterjee Malay, Disease Models, Experimental/chemically induced/diagnosis/drug therapy, Experimental/drug therapy/pathology, Female, Glioblastoma/drug therapy, Glioma – Drug Therapy, Heterologous, Humans, Hydrocarbons, Male, Mammary Neoplasms, Metals, Metals – Diagnostic Use, Metals – Therapeutic Use, Models, Neoplasm Staging, Neoplasm Transplantation, Neoplasms, Neoplasms – Diagnosis, Neoplasms – Drug Therapy, Neoplasms – Pathology, Neoplasms – Prevention and Control, Neoplasms/*diagnosis/drug therapy/prevention & control, Organometallic Compounds – Therapeutic Use, Organometallic Compounds/therapeutic use, Patel Mehool A, Rats, Trace Elements – Diagnostic Use, Trace Elements – Therapeutic Use, Trace Elements/therapeutic use, Transplantation, Vanadium Compounds, Vanadium Compounds – Therapeutic Use, Vanadium Compounds/therapeutic use/toxicity, Vanadium/*therapeutic use/toxicity, Waghray Abhijeet, Xenografts

Valproate increases dopamine transporter expression through histone acetylation and enhanced promoter binding of Nurr1.

The dopamine transporter (DAT) is the key regulator of dopaminergic transmission and is a target of several xenobiotics, including pesticides and pharmacological agents. Previously, we identified a prominent role for histone deacetylases in the…

Tags: 2017, Acetylation/drug effects, Animals, Butyrates/pharmacology, Cell Line, Cell Survival/drug effects, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/*metabolism, Dopamine transporter, Dopaminergic Neurons/cytology/drug effects/metabolism, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Eid Aseel, Epigenesis, Epigenetics, Genetic, Genetic/drug effects, Green Ashley L, Group A, Guo Grace L, HDAC, Histone deacetylase, Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors/*pharmacology, Histone Deacetylases/metabolism, Histones/*drug effects/metabolism, Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism, Hydroxamic Acids/pharmacology, Member 2/*metabolism, Messenger/metabolism, NEOMED College of Pharmacy, Neuropharmacology, Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Nurr1, Pitx3, Promoter Regions, Rats, Richardson Jason R, RNA, Transcription Factors/metabolism, Valproate, Valproic Acid/*pharmacology, Zarbl Helmut, Zhan Le

Validation of Growth Layer Group (GLG) depositional rate using daily incremental growth lines in the dentin of beluga (Delphinapterus leucas (Pallas, 1776)) teeth.

Counts of Growth Layer Groups (GLGs) in the dentin of marine mammal teeth are widely used as indicators of age. In most marine mammals, observations document that GLGs are deposited yearly, but in beluga whales, some studies have supported the view…

Tags: *Beluga Whale, 2018, Animals, Dentin/*growth & development, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, NEOMED College of Medicine, Ortiz Joseph D, PloS one, Suydam Robert S, Thewissen J G M, Tooth/*growth & development, Waugh David A

Vagal afferents reflexly inhibit exercise in conscious rats.

Activation of vagal afferents reflexly inhibited locomotion induced by stimulation of the mesencephalic locomotor region in decerebrate cats. However, this reflex has not been tested in intact mammals. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to test…

Vagal afferents from the uterus and cervix provide direct connections to the brainstem.

Previous anatomical studies demonstrated vagal innervation to the ovary and distal colon and suggested the vagus nerve has uterine inputs. Recent behavioral and physiological evidence indicated that the vagus nerves conduct sensory information from…

Tags: 1999, Animals, Berthoud H R, Brain Stem/*anatomy & histology, Cell and tissue research, Cervix Uteri/*innervation, Collins J J, Estrogen/metabolism, Female, Immunohistochemistry, Lin C E, Neurons/cytology/metabolism, Papka R E, Rats, Receptors, Sprague-Dawley, Uterus/*innervation, Vagus Nerve/*anatomy & histology/metabolism

Vaccines–all things considered. Part I. 2-3 December 2004, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Tags: 2005, Animals, California, Humans, IDrugs : the investigational drugs journal, Pharmaceutical/methods/*trends, Rosenthal Kenneth S, Technology, Vaccination/methods/*trends, Vaccines/*therapeutic use

Vaccines-all things considered. Part II. 2-3 December 2004, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Tags: 2005, Animals, Biotechnology/economics/methods/trends, California, Humans, IDrugs : the investigational drugs journal, Pharmaceutical/*economics/methods/trends, Rosenthal Kenneth S, Technology, Vaccination/*economics/methods/trends, Vaccines/*economics/*therapeutic use

Use of TFMPP stimulus properties as a model of 5-HT1B receptor activation.

Recent evidence indicates that when 1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine (TFMPP) is used as a training drug in the drug discrimination paradigm it produces a stimulus effect that is site-selective at the 5-HT1B receptor. The present study sought to…

Tags: 1988, Animals, Biological, Discrimination Learning/*drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Male, Models, Norfenfluramine/pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Vehicles, Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, Piperazines/*pharmacology, Rats, Receptors, Schechter M D, Serotonin/*drug effects/physiology, Serotonin/pharmacology

Use of in vitro superfusion to assess the dynamics of striatal dopamine clearance: influence of estrogen.

To determine the feasibility of assessing dopamine uptake using in vitro superfusion, striatal tissue from ovariectomized female rats was infused with dopamine (1 microM), nomifensine (1 mM), or a combination of dopamine and nomifensine. Treatment…

Tags: 1999, Animals, Brain research, Corpus Striatum/drug effects/*physiology, Disshon K A, Dluzen D E, Dopamine/*metabolism/pharmacology, Estradiol/*pharmacology, Female, Kinetics, Nomifensine/*pharmacology, Ovariectomy, Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Use of brain slices to study long-term potentiation and depression as examples of synaptic plasticity.

Brain slices have been responsible for the majority of advances in our understanding of the cellular aspects of altered synaptic strength underlying memory, long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), and increases and decreases,…

Tags: *Long-Term Potentiation, *Neuronal Plasticity, 1999, Animals, Brain/*physiology, Electrophysiology/methods, Glutamic Acid/physiology, In Vitro Techniques, Memory/*physiology, Methods (San Diego, Calif.), Models, Neurological, Synapses/*physiology, Synaptic Transmission, Teyler T J

Upregulation of thrombospondin-1 expression by leptin in vascular smooth muscle cells via JAK2- and MAPK-dependent pathways.

Hyperleptinemia, characteristic of diabetes and a hallmark feature of human obesity, contributes to the increased risk of atherosclerotic complications. However, molecular mechanisms mediating leptin-induced atherogenesis and gene expression in…

Unique N-linked glycosylation of CasBrE Env influences its stability, processing, and viral infectivity but not its neurotoxicity.

The envelope protein (Env) from the CasBrE murine leukemia virus (MLV) can cause acute spongiform neurodegeneration analogous to that induced by prions. Upon central nervous system (CNS) infection, Env is expressed as multiple isoforms owing to…

Unique biochemical and mineral composition of whale ear bones.

Abstract Cetaceans are obligate aquatic mammals derived from terrestrial artiodactyls. The defining characteristic of cetaceans is a thick and dense lip (pachyosteosclerotic involucrum) of an ear bone (the tympanic). This unique feature is absent in…

Unconventional effects of estrogen uncovered.

The nigrostriatal dopamine system shows marked gender differences that, in many cases, can be attributable to estrogen. However, the virtual absence of conventional estrogen receptors within the nigrostriatal dopamine system has made it difficult to…

Tags: 2005, Animals, Corpus Striatum/*metabolism/physiology, Dluzen Dean E, Dopamine D2/metabolism, Dopamine/*metabolism, Estrogens/*physiology, GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism, Humans, Receptors, Signal Transduction/physiology, Substantia Nigra/*metabolism/physiology, Trends in pharmacological sciences

Ultrastructural immunolocalization of the atrial natriuretic factor pathways in fetal, neonatal, and adult Syrian hamsters: from the atrial cardiomyocytes to the circulation via the endocardium, atrial capillaries and epicardium.

Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)-immunoreactivity was identified with peroxidase-antiperoxidase staining and immunoelectron microscopic gold labeling techniques in atrial tissues of fetal, newborn and adult Syrian hamsters.

Tags: 1991, Aging/*metabolism, Animals, Atrial Natriuretic Factor/*metabolism, Capillaries/cytology/metabolism/ultrastructure, Cricetinae, Endocardium/cytology/metabolism/ultrastructure, Endothelium, Gilloteaux J, Immunoelectron, Jennes L, Journal of submicroscopic cytology and pathology, Menu R, Mesocricetus, Microscopy, Myocardium/metabolism/*ultrastructure, Newborn/*metabolism, Vanderhaeghen J J, Vascular/cytology/metabolism/ultrastructure

Ultrastructural changes of female Syrian hamster cystic duct epithelium as a result of sex steroid treatment.

In view of the lack of sufficient data regarding the morphology of the cystic duct and the extensive focus on the gallbladder, a preliminary examination of the cystic duct response to female sex steroid treatment was conducted to follow up a detailed…

Tags: 1995, Animals, Cell Nucleus/drug effects/ultrastructure, Combination, Cricetinae, Cystic Duct/*drug effects/*ultrastructure, Drug Therapy, Epithelium/drug effects/ultrastructure, Estrogens/*pharmacology, Female, Gallbladder/drug effects/ultrastructure, Gilloteaux J, Karkare S, Kelly T R, Medroxyprogesterone/*pharmacology, Mesocricetus, Tissue & cell

Ultrastructural aspects of human gallbladder epithelial cells in cholelithiasis: production of anionic mucus.

The surface epithelium of 28 gallbladders removed during elective cholecystectomies and pathology collection was studied ultrastructurally. Focusing on 10 of the 28 cases that were diagnosed as cholecystitis, we found that the epithelium displayed…

Ultrastructural aspects of atrium development: demonstration of endocardial discontinuities and immunolabeling of atrial natriuretic factor in the Syrian hamster.

The endocardium ultrastructure of 13 embryonic day old hamsters was examined, especially in relationship with the atrial myocytes. The endothelial morphology was described, including the junctional attachments and their relationships with subjacent…

Tags: 1989, Anatomy and embryology, Animals, Atrial Natriuretic Factor/*analysis, Cricetinae, Electron, Endocardium/analysis/*embryology/ultrastructure, Endothelium/analysis/embryology/ultrastructure, Gilloteaux J, Heart Atria/analysis/embryology/ultrastructure, Immunohistochemistry, Microscopy

Type VI collagen induces cardiac myofibroblast differentiation: implications for postinfarction remodeling.

Cardiac fibroblast (CF) proliferation and differentiation into hypersecretory myofibroblasts can lead to excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) production and cardiac fibrosis. In turn, the ECM produced can potentially activate CFs via distinct…

Type VI collagen increases cell survival and prevents anti-beta 1 integrin-mediated apoptosis.

Cell-matrix interactions are important in the development of the avian cornea. Type VI collagen is present within the periocular mesenchyme prior to the migration of cells into the corneal stroma and is abundant in the mature stroma. Whether the…

Two GABAA responses with distinct kinetics in a sound localization circuit.

The temporal characteristics and functional diversity of GABAergic inhibition are determined by the spatiotemporal neurotransmitter profile, intrinsic properties of GABAA receptors, and other factors. Here, we report two distinct GABAA responses and…

Tags: *Sound, 2012, Animals, Chick Embryo, Chickens, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Female, GABA-A/*physiology, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism, Lu Yong, Male, NEOMED College of Medicine, Neurons/*metabolism, Pitch Discrimination, Receptors, Sound Localization/*physiology, Synapses/physiology, Tang Zheng-Quan, The Journal of physiology

Two forms of long-term potentiation in area CA1 activate different signal transduction cascades.

1. The effects of protein kinase inhibitors on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-receptor-mediated, voltage-dependent calcium channel (VDCC)-mediated, and

Tags: 1996, Animals, Cavus I, Hippocampus/drug effects/*physiology, Journal of neurophysiology, Long-Term Potentiation/drug effects/*physiology, Nifedipine/pharmacology, Rats, Signal Transduction/drug effects/*physiology, Teyler T

Two distinct representations of social vocalizations in the basolateral amygdala.

Acoustic communication signals carry information related to the types of social interactions by means of their "acoustic context," the sequencing and temporal emission pattern of vocalizations. Here we describe responses to natural vocal sequences in…

Two components of long-term potentiation induced by different patterns of afferent activation.

Long-term potentiation (LTP) of excitatory synaptic transmission could be a mechanism underlying memory. Induction of LTP requires Ca2+ influx into postsynaptic neurons through ion channels gated by NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors in…

Tags: 1990, 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate/*pharmacology, Afferent Pathways/physiology, Animals, Calcium/*physiology, Grover L M, Hippocampus/*physiology, In Vitro Techniques, Membrane Potentials, Memory/*physiology, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/*physiology, Nature, Neuronal Plasticity, Receptors, Synaptic Transmission, Teyler T J, Time Factors

Turnover of histones and histone variants in postnatal rat brain: effects of alcohol exposure.

BACKGROUND: Alcohol consumption during pregnancy is a significant public health problem and can result in a continuum of adverse outcomes to the fetus known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Subjects with FASD show significant neurological…

TRPV4 channels regulate tumor angiogenesis via modulation of Rho/Rho kinase pathway.

Targeting angiogenesis is considered a promising therapy for cancer. Besides curtailing soluble factor mediated tumor angiogenesis, understanding the unexplored regulation of angiogenesis by mechanical cues may lead to the identification of novel…

TRPV4 channels mediate cardiac fibroblast differentiation by integrating mechanical and soluble signals.

The phenotypic switch underlying the differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts into hypersecretory myofibroblasts is critical for cardiac remodeling following myocardial infarction. Myofibroblasts facilitate wound repair in the myocardium by secreting…

TRPV4 channel activation selectively inhibits tumor endothelial cell proliferation.

Endothelial cell proliferation is a critical event during angiogenesis, regulated by both soluble factors and mechanical forces. Although the proliferation of tumor cells is studied extensively, little is known about the proliferation of tumor…

TRPA1 is functionally co-expressed with TRPV1 in cardiac muscle: Co-localization at z-discs, costameres and intercalated discs.

Transient receptor potential channels of the ankyrin subtype-1 (TRPA1) and vanilloid subtype-1 (TRPV1) are structurally related, non-selective cation channels that show a high permeability to calcium. Previous studies indicate that TRP channels play…

Tags: 2011, Ahmed Shamima, Animals, Anticarcinogenic Agents/chemistry/*therapeutic use, Antineoplastic Agents, Bishayee Anupam, Brankov Nikoleta, Breast Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*prevention & control, Chemoprevention, Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition), Glycosides/therapeutic use, Humans, Mice, Oleanolic Acid/analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use, Perloff Marjorie, Phytogenic/therapeutic use, Triterpenes/*therapeutic use

Browse Items (1073 total)