Community-acquired pneumonia.
Disease Progression; Community-Acquired Infections; Immunocompetence; Drug Resistance; Pneumonia; Bacterial; Microbial; Severity of Illness; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Community-Acquired Infections – Diagnosis; Community-Acquired Infections – Drug Therapy; Community-Acquired Infections – Microbiology; Bacterial – Drug Therapy; Bacterial – Microbiology; Bacterial – Prevention and Control; Community-Acquired Infections – Prevention and Control; Bacterial – Diagnosis; Streptococcus – Drug Effects; Vaccines – Therapeutic Use
File T M Jr
Lancet
2003
2003-12-13
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(03)15021-0" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/s0140-6736(03)15021-0</a>
Managing foot infections in patients with diabetes...twelfth in a series
Hyperbaric Oxygenation; Osteomyelitis; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Diabetes Mellitus – Complications; Diabetic Foot – Therapy; Diabetic Foot – Complications; Diabetic Foot – Surgery
Tan MJ; Tan J S
Infections in Medicine
2006
2006-04
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Hemipelvic amputations for recalcitrant pelvic osteomyelitis.
Adult; Female; Male; Aged; Prospective Studies; Human; Middle Age; Retrospective Design; Treatment Outcomes; 80 and Over; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Recurrence – Prevention and Control; Palliative Care – Methods; Hemipelvectomy – Methods; Hemipelvectomy – Psychosocial Factors; Osteomyelitis – Drug Therapy; Osteomyelitis – Microbiology; Osteomyelitis – Surgery; Paraplegia – Psychosocial Factors; Pelvic Bones – Surgery; Wound Infection – Drug Therapy; Wound Infection – Microbiology
Ziran BH; Smith WR; Rao N
Injury
2008
2008-04
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2007.12.002" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.injury.2007.12.002</a>
The Science of Selecting Antimicrobials for Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)
Antibiotics; Human; Practice Guidelines; Drug Resistance; Pneumonia; Drug Therapy; Microbial; Combination; Microbial Culture and Sensitivity Tests; Antiinfective Agents; Streptococcus; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Community-Acquired Infections – Drug Therapy; Bacterial – Drug Therapy; Macrolide – Therapeutic Use; Quinolone – Therapeutic Use; Lactam – Therapeutic Use; Legionnaires' Disease – Drug Therapy
File T M
Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy
2009
2009-03-02
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.18553/jmcp.2009.15.s2.5" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.18553/jmcp.2009.15.s2.5</a>
Successful Decrease in Therapy Duration for Community-Acquired Pneumonia...including commentary by Watkins RR... this article originally appeared in the December 2012 issue of Infectious Disease Alert
Research; Program Development; Drug Resistance; Microbial; Readmission; Treatment Duration; United States Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Clostridium Infections – Risk Factors; Community-Acquired Pneumonia – Drug Therapy; Community-Acquired Pneumonia – Complications; Patient Discharge – Evaluation
Watkins Richard R
Hospital Medicine Alert
2013
2013-01
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Fidaxomicin after Vancomycin for Patients with Multiple C. difficile Recurrences.
Aged; Treatment Outcomes; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Clostridium Infections – Drug Therapy; Vancomycin – Administration and Dosage; Recurrence – Prevention and Control
Watkins Richard R
Hospital Medicine Alert
2012
2012-12
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Uncomplicated Pure Cellulitis: No Need to Cover for MRSA?
Treatment Outcomes; Cellulitis; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Community-Acquired Infections – Drug Therapy; Staphylococcal Infections – Drug Therapy; Cellulitis – Drug Therapy; Cellulitis – Diagnosis; Cellulitis – Microbiology; Streptococcal Infections – Drug Therapy
Watkins Richard R
Infectious Disease Alert
2013
2013-06
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Infections may Play a Role in Cognitive Decline, Dementia.
Female; Male; Aged; Odds Ratio; Neuropsychological Tests; Cognition; Post Hoc Analysis; Middle Age; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Dementia – Risk Factors; Infection – Complications
Watkins Richard R
Infectious Disease Alert
2013
2013-05
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Increasing prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and strategies to avert a looming crisis.
Early Diagnosis; Drug Resistance; Microbial; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Enterobacteriaceae Infections – Drug Therapy; Carbapenems – Therapeutic Use; Enterobacteriaceae – Drug Effects; Enterobacteriaceae – Physiology; Enterobacteriaceae Infections – Diagnosis; Enterobacteriaceae Infections – Microbiology
Watkins Richard R; Bonomo Robert A
Expert review of anti-infective therapy
2013
2013-06
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1586/eri.13.46" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1586/eri.13.46</a>
Early use of Daptomycin Compared to Vancomycin for MRSA Bacteremia.
Costs and Cost Analysis; Comparative Studies; Retrospective Design; Treatment Outcomes; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus; Treatment Duration; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Bacteremia – Drug Therapy; Vancomycin – Administration and Dosage; Daptomycin – Administration and Dosage
Watkins Richard R
Hospital Medicine Alert
2013
2013-08
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Protocol-directed Care does not lead to improved Outcomes in early Septic Shock.
Time Factors; Early Diagnosis; Human; Multicenter Studies; Clinical Trials; Shock; Fluid Intake; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Patient Care – Standards; Septic – Therapy
Watkins Richard R
Infectious Disease Alert
2014
2014-07
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Hospital Wards with Higher Rates of Antibiotic Prescribing Are Associated with Increased Risk for C. difficile Infection.
Adult; Multivariate Analysis; Prospective Studies; Inpatients; Human; Retrospective Design; Physiologic; Monitoring; Record Review; Clostridium Difficile; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Clostridium Infections – Epidemiology; Clostridium Infections – Risk Factors
Watkins Richard R
Infectious Disease Alert
2015
2015-06
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Antibiotics for Acute Appendicitis.
Postoperative Complications; Antibiotics; Length of Stay; Decision Making; Appendectomy; Tomography; Human; Multicenter Studies; X-Ray Computed; Intravenous; Administration; Treatment Outcomes; Patient Education; Randomized Controlled Trials; Emergency Treatment; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Appendicitis – Ultrasonography; Appendicitis – Drug Therapy; Appendicitis – Surgery
The article reports that patients with uncomplicated acute appendicitis can fair well without surgery as compared to clinical trial patients who underwent surgery, and states that patients had lower risk of complications during the one-year follow-up period.
Watkins Richard R
Internal Medicine Alert
2015
2015-09-15
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Cranberry Capsules Are Not Effective in Preventing Bacteriuria with Pyuria in Elderly Women in Nursing Homes.
Female; Aged; Hospitalization; Odds Ratio; Mortality; Drug Utilization; Confidence Intervals; Inpatients; Women's Health; Descriptive Statistics; Drug Resistance; Microbial; Treatment Outcomes; Randomized Controlled Trials; Double-Blind Studies; Fluid Intake; Gerontologic Care; Long Term Care; Nursing Home Patients; 80 and Over; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Capsules – Administration and Dosage – In Old Age; Cranberry – Therapeutic Use – In Old Age; Plant Extracts – Therapeutic Use – In Old Age; Urinary Tract Infections – Prevention and Control – In Old Age
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial found that giving cranberry capsules to elderly women residing in nursing homes did not result in any significant benefits, including no reduction in symptomatic urinary tract infections.
Watkins Richard R
Internal Medicine Alert
2016
2016-12-30
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Microbiology of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: New Evidence That Anaerobes Predominate.
Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria; Severity of Illness; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Hidradenitis Suppurativa – Drug Therapy; Hidradenitis Suppurativa – Microbiology
The article presents a study, which shows anaerobic bacteria as main cause of Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS). Topics include use of molecular techniques for elucidating the microbiology of HS skin lesions; common HS lesions such as Prevotella, Porphyromonas, and Parvimonas; and association of Porphyromonas with chronic infections like gingivitis and periodontitis.
Watkins Richard R
Infectious Disease Alert
2017
2017-09
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Dual Antibiotic Therapy Is Not Routinely Necessary for Uncomplicated Cellulitis.
Treatment Outcomes; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Cellulitis – Drug Therapy; Cephalexin – Therapeutic Use
SYNOPSIS: A randomized, multicenter, placebo-controlled clinical trial that enrolled patients presenting to emergency departments with uncomplicated cellulitis found the addition of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole to cephalexin did not lead to better outcomes.
Watkins Richard R
Internal Medicine Alert
2017
2017-09-30
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Early Uncomplicated Appendicitis-Who Can We Treat Nonoperatively?
Adult; Female; Male; Aged; Young Adult; Prospective Studies; Patient Selection; Drug Administration Schedule; Appendectomy; Injections; Human; Middle Age; Adolescence; Retrospective Design; Intravenous; Administration; Oral; Treatment Outcomes; Severity of Illness Indices; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Ampicillin – Therapeutic Use; Appendicitis – Diagnosis; Appendicitis – Drug Therapy; Appendicitis – Surgery; Enzyme Inhibitors – Therapeutic Use; Penicillins – Therapeutic Use
This study evaluated nonoperative treatment for mild appendicitis and reviewed selection criteria to be used in introducing this option into clinical practice. A retrospective review of 73 consecutive cases of appendicitis treated by a single surgeon from 2011 to 2013 was completed. Patients who were diagnosed with mild appendicitis meeting the criteria of an APPENDICITIS scoring algorithm proposed in this manuscript were considered for nonoperative management. An additional 17 patients with mild appendicitis were offered and successfully treated nonoperatively between 2014 and 2016 and reviewed. Of these original 73 patients, 37 had moderate to severe appendicitis and directly underwent appendectomy. The remaining patients were diagnosed with mild appendicitis and considered eligible for nonoperative management. Of these, 14 patients were offered nonoperative therapy. Thirteen responded successfully; one patient responded partially, but later opted for surgery. In 2014, this scoring system and preliminary results were shared with the other surgeons in our department. Nonoperative management was then selectively adopted by a few of the surgeons from 2014 to 2016 with another 17 patients (APPENDICITIS score of 0 or 1) being offered and successfully managed nonoperatively. Patients with mild or early appendicitis can be successfully managed nonoperatively. A proposed APPENDICITIS scoring system may provide a helpful mnemonic for successfully selecting patients for this option.
Horattas Mark C; HORATTAS ILEANA K; VASILIOU ELYA M
American Surgeon
2018
2018-02
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Antibiotics and Adverse Events: Doctors, Do No Harm!
Length of Stay; Patient Safety; Internal Medicine; Clostridium Infections; Adverse Drug Event; Drug Toxicity; Pruritus; Medical Practice; Evidence-Based; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Antibiotics – Administration and Dosage; Antibiotics – Adverse Effects; Clostridium Infections – Etiology; Hospitalization – Statistics and Numerical Data; Adverse Drug Event – Classification; Adverse Drug Event – Etiology; Adverse Drug Event – Risk Factors; Anaphylaxis – Risk Factors
A retrospective study found that among 1,488 hospitalized patients who received an antibiotic, 298 (20%) experienced at least one antibiotic-associated adverse drug event. Furthermore, 287 (19%) of the antibiotic regimens were not clinically indicated, and 56 (20%) of these were associated with an adverse drug event.
Watkins Richard R
Hospital Medicine Alert
2017
2017-12
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Cutaneous abscesses in children: epidemiology in the era of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a pediatric emergency department.
*Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Abscess – Epidemiology; Abscess – Microbiology; Abscess/*epidemiology/microbiology; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*therapeutic use; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Child; Emergency Service; Female; Hospital; Human; Humans; Infant; Infectious – Epidemiology; Infectious – Microbiology; Male; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus; Pediatrics; Preschool; Recurrence; Retrospective Design; Retrospective Studies; Skin Diseases; Soft Tissue Infections – Epidemiology; Soft Tissue Infections – Microbiology; Soft Tissue Infections/*epidemiology/microbiology; Staphylococcal Skin Infections/*epidemiology/microbiology
OBJECTIVE: Skin and soft tissue infections are a major public health issue. Previous literature suggests a recurrence rate of 4% in children. The purpose of this study was to examine the epidemiology, body location, and history of previous infections among children in the emergency department setting. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed using electronic medical records from all subjects treated in a large pediatric emergency department with attending physician diagnosis and billing codes indicative of a cutaneous abscess from July 1, 2007, to December 31, 2007. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate abscess location, prior history of infection, bacterial etiology, and patient disposition. RESULTS: Three hundred eighteen abscess visits occurred in 308 individual subjects; 79% were due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Approximately 14% of subjects presented with more than 1 abscess. Those 2 years or younger were more likely to have buttock abscesses (P \textless 0.001). Of the 192 subjects for whom responses were documented, 82 (43%) had a history of a prior abscess. Children 2 years or younger were significantly more likely to be hospitalized or go to the operating room: 49% versus 15% (P \textless 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Many children with a cutaneous abscess have a prior history of infection. Multiple abscesses are common. Young children are more likely to have abscesses in the diaper area or be hospitalized. Studies of effective hygiene practices and interventions to reduce recurrence are urgently needed.
Holsenback Heather; Smith Lisa; Stevenson Michelle D
Pediatric emergency care
2012
2012-07
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0b013e31825d20e1" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1097/PEC.0b013e31825d20e1</a>
On the path to untreatable infections: colistin use in agriculture and the end of 'last resort' antibiotics.
*agriculture; *Agriculture; *antibiotic resistance; *Colistin; *Drug Resistance; Agriculture; Animal Husbandry; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*therapeutic use; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Bacterial; Colistin – Analogs and Derivatives; Colistin – Therapeutic Use; Colistin/analogs & derivatives/*therapeutic use; Comparative Studies; Drug Resistance; Escherichia Coli; Escherichia Coli – Physiology; Escherichia coli Proteins/genetics; Escherichia coli/genetics/*physiology; European Union; Evaluation Research; Human; Humans; Microbial; Multicenter Studies; Multiple; Proteins; Validation Studies
Watkins Richard R; Smith Tara C; Bonomo Robert A
Expert review of anti-infective therapy
2016
2016-09
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1080/14787210.2016.1216314" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1080/14787210.2016.1216314</a>
Does empiric therapy for atypical pathogens improve outcomes for patients with CAP?
Anti-Bacterial Agents/*therapeutic use; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Clinical Trials; Clinical Trials as Topic; Community-Acquired Infections – Drug Therapy; Community-Acquired Infections – Microbiology; Community-Acquired Infections/drug therapy/microbiology; Humans; Pneumonia – Drug Therapy; Pneumonia – Microbiology; Pneumonia/*drug therapy/microbiology
The present controversy regarding the need to cover atypical pathogens in the empiric therapy of community-acquired pneumonia is related to several issues, including the relevance of terminology, imprecise diagnostic methods, and perceived contradictory results of published evidence. Studies evaluating the time to clinical recovery and the use of earlier endpoints for evaluation suggest that appropriate therapy provides a benefit if an atypical pathogen is a pathogen. Because recent surveillance studies suggest these pathogens are common and until there is the availability of accurate, cost-effective, and easily interpreted laboratory tests to provide the etiologic diagnosis at the time of point of care, empiric therapy of atypical pathogens is supported.
File Thomas M Jr; Marrie Thomas J
Infectious disease clinics of North America
2013
2013-03
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.idc.2012.11.005" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.idc.2012.11.005</a>
Case studies of lower respiratory tract infections: community-acquired pneumonia.
Acute – Microbiology; Adult; Adult/microbiology; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*therapeutic use; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Antitubercular Agents – Therapeutic Use; Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use; Community-Acquired Infections – Diagnosis; Community-Acquired Infections – Drug Therapy; Community-Acquired Infections/diagnosis/drug therapy; Cough; Cough – Microbiology; Cough/microbiology/virology; Diagnosis; Differential; Dyspnea; Fatal Outcome; Female; Fever – Microbiology; Fever/microbiology; Hemoptysis – Microbiology; Hemoptysis/microbiology; Human; Human – Complications; Human – Diagnosis; Human/complications/*diagnosis; Humans; Hypotension – Microbiology; Hypotension/microbiology; Influenza; Leukopenia – Microbiology; Leukopenia/microbiology; Male; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/*isolation & purification; Miliary/diagnosis/drug therapy; Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome – Microbiology; Multiple Organ Failure/microbiology; Mycobacterium Tuberculosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification; Pneumonia – Diagnosis; Pneumonia – Drug Therapy; Pneumonia – Microbiology; Pneumonia – Therapy; Pneumonia/*diagnosis/*drug therapy/microbiology/therapy; Practice Guidelines; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Severity of Illness Indices; Smoking; Smoking/adverse effects; Staphylococcal Infections – Diagnosis; Staphylococcal Infections – Drug Therapy; Staphylococcal Infections – Microbiology; Staphylococcal Infections – Therapy; Staphylococcal Infections/*diagnosis/*drug therapy/microbiology/therapy; Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis – Diagnosis; Tuberculosis – Drug Therapy
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common and potentially serious illness with significant human and economic costs to society. The recent collaborative statement from the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the American Thoracic Society (ATS) represents the most up-to-date evidence-based guidelines from North America, incorporating important advances in the management of patients with CAP. The cases presented in this review highlight many of the recent recommendations from the IDSA/ATS guidelines.
File Thomas M Jr
The American journal of medicine
2010
2010-04
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.02.002" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.02.002</a>
A new perspective.
*Attitude of Health Personnel; *Hospitalists; *Internship and Residency; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Attitude of Health Personnel; Emergency Service; Emergency Service – Administration; Hospital/*organization & administration; Hospitalists; Humans; Internship and Residency; Pneumonia – Diagnosis; Pneumonia – Drug Therapy; Pneumonia/diagnosis/*drug therapy
Duggal Abhijit
Journal of hospital medicine
2009
2009-11
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/jhm.528" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/jhm.528</a>
Prevalence of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among US Ambulatory Care Visits, 2010-2011.
Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ambulatory Care – Statistics and Numerical Data; Ambulatory Care/*statistics & numerical data; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*therapeutic use; Antibiotics – Therapeutic Use; Child; Female; Health Care Surveys; Human; Humans; Inappropriate Prescribing – Statistics and Numerical Data; Inappropriate Prescribing/*statistics & numerical data; Infant; Male; Middle Age; Middle Aged; Newborn; Otitis Media; Otitis Media – Drug Therapy; Pharyngitis – Drug Therapy; Pharyngitis/drug therapy; Physicians'/*statistics & numerical data; Practice Patterns; Preschool; Prevalence; Respiratory Tract Infections – Drug Therapy; Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy; Suppurative/*drug therapy; Surveys; United States
IMPORTANCE: The National Action Plan for Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria set a goal of reducing inappropriate outpatient antibiotic use by 50% by 2020, but the extent of inappropriate outpatient antibiotic use is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the rates of outpatient oral antibiotic prescribing by age and diagnosis, and the estimated portions of antibiotic use that may be inappropriate in adults and children in the United States. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Using the 2010-2011 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, annual numbers and population-adjusted rates with 95% confidence intervals of ambulatory visits with oral antibiotic prescriptions by age, region, and diagnosis in the United States were estimated. EXPOSURES: Ambulatory care visits. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Based on national guidelines and regional variation in prescribing, diagnosis-specific prevalence and rates of total and appropriate antibiotic prescriptions were determined. These rates were combined to calculate an estimate of the appropriate annual rate of antibiotic prescriptions per 1000 population. RESULTS: Of the 184,032 sampled visits, 12.6% of visits (95% CI, 12.0%-13.3%) resulted in antibiotic prescriptions. Sinusitis was the single diagnosis associated with the most antibiotic prescriptions per 1000 population (56 antibiotic prescriptions [95% CI, 48-64]), followed by suppurative otitis media (47 antibiotic prescriptions [95% CI, 41-54]), and pharyngitis (43 antibiotic prescriptions [95% CI, 38-49]). Collectively, acute respiratory conditions per 1000 population led to 221 antibiotic prescriptions (95% CI, 198-245) annually, but only 111 antibiotic prescriptions were estimated to be appropriate for these conditions. Per 1000 population, among all conditions and ages combined in 2010-2011, an estimated 506 antibiotic prescriptions (95% CI, 458-554) were written annually, and, of these, 353 antibiotic prescriptions were estimated to be appropriate antibiotic prescriptions. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In the United States in 2010-2011, there was an estimated annual antibiotic prescription rate per 1000 population of 506, but only an estimated 353 antibiotic prescriptions were likely appropriate, supporting the need for establishing a goal for outpatient antibiotic stewardship.
Fleming-Dutra Katherine E; Hersh Adam L; Shapiro Daniel J; Bartoces Monina; Enns Eva A; File Thomas M Jr; Finkelstein Jonathan A; Gerber Jeffrey S; Hyun David Y; Linder Jeffrey A; Lynfield Ruth; Margolis David J; May Larissa S; Merenstein Daniel; Metlay Joshua P; Newland Jason G; Piccirillo Jay F; Roberts Rebecca M; Sanchez Guillermo V; Suda Katie J; Thomas Ann; Woo Teri Moser; Zetts Rachel M; Hicks Lauri A
JAMA
2016
2016-05
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.4151" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1001/jama.2016.4151</a>