Metastatic carcinoma of the spine with neurologic complications: an autopsy review.
Adult; Aged; Autopsy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Spinal Cord Compression/*etiology/pathology; Spinal Neoplasms/*complications/pathology/*secondary
We conducted post-mortem examinations on 12 patients who had documented metastatic carcinoma to the spine with attendant neurologic complications. The examinations were studied to determine the location of the metastatic lesion in relation to the spinal cord. Both gross and microscopic examinations were performed, with particular attention to the level of compression. The majority of the metastatic tumors involved the vertebral body and pedicles anterior to the spinal cord. The findings of this autopsy review support previous surgical findings, and re-emphasize the importance of considering tumor location before treating compression of the spinal cord secondary to metastatic carcinoma.
Leeson M C; Zechmann J P
Orthopedics
1993
1993-10
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75879-9_98" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1007/978-3-642-75879-9_98</a>
Seasonal and Ontogenetic Variation in Subcutaneous Adipose Of the Bowhead Whale (Balaena mysticetus).
*Biological Evolution; *Seasons; Adaptation; Adipocytes/*cytology; adipose; Age Factors; Animals; Autopsy; blubber; bowhead; Bowhead Whale/*anatomy & histology/psychology; Cell Size; Feeding Behavior; Female; Male; ontogeny; Physiological; seasonal variation; Subcutaneous Fat/*cytology
Cetacean evolution was shaped by an extraordinary land-to-sea transition in which the ancestors of whales became fully aquatic. As part of this transition, these mammals evolved unusually thick blubber which acts as a metabolic reservoir as well as an insulator and provides buoyancy and streamlining. This study describes blubber stratification and correlates it to seasonal variation, feeding patterns, and ontogeny in an arctic-adapted mysticete, the bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus). Bowheads are unique among mammals for possessing the largest known blubber stores. We found that adipocyte numbers in bowheads, like other mammals, do not vary with season or feeding pattern but that adipocyte size and structural fiber densities do vary with blubber depth.
Ball Hope C; Stavarz Madeline; Oldaker Jonathan; Usip Sharon; Londraville Richard L; George John C; Thewissen Johnannes G M; Duff Robert Joel
Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)
2015
2015-08
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ar.23125" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ar.23125</a>