1
40
3
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Text
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URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2012-303347" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2012-303347</a>
Pages
1044–1054
Issue
7
Volume
62
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Estrogen-related receptor gamma controls hepatic CB1 receptor-mediated CYP2E1 expression and oxidative liver injury by alcohol.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Gut
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2013
2013-07
Subject
The topic of the resource
Alcohol-Induced Injury; Alcoholic Liver Disease; Alcoholic/genetics/*metabolism/prevention & control; Animals; Cannabinoid; CB1/*physiology; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 Inhibitors; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1/genetics/*metabolism; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology/therapeutic use; Enzymologic/drug effects/physiology; Estrogen/deficiency/genetics/*physiology; Ethanol/pharmacology; Gene Expression Profiling/methods; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Regulation; Genetic/physiology; Inbred C57BL; Knockout; Liver; Liver Diseases; Liver Metabolism; Liver/metabolism; Male; Mice; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress/physiology; Receptor; Receptors; Signal Transduction/drug effects/physiology; Tamoxifen/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology/therapeutic use; Transcription
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Kim Don-Kyu; Kim Yong-Hoon; Jang Hyun-Hee; Park Jinyoung; Kim Jung Ran; Koh Minseob; Jeong Won-Il; Koo Seung-Hoi; Park Tae-Sik; Yun Chul-Ho; Park Seung Bum; Chiang John Y L; Lee Chul-Ho; Choi Hueng-Sik
Description
An account of the resource
BACKGROUND: The hepatic endocannabinoid system and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), a key enzyme causing alcohol-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, are major contributors to the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease. The nuclear hormone receptor oestrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRgamma) is a constitutively active transcriptional activator regulating gene expression. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of ERRgamma in the alcohol-mediated regulation of CYP2E1 and to examine the possibility to control alcohol-mediated oxidative stress and liver injury through an ERRgamma inverse agonist. DESIGN: For chronic alcoholic hepatosteatosis study, C57BL/6J wild-type and CB1(-/-) mice were administered alcohol for 4 weeks. GSK5182 and chlormethiazole (CMZ) were given by oral gavage for the last 2 weeks of alcohol feeding. Gene expression profiles and biochemical assays were performed using the liver or blood of mice. RESULTS: Hepatic ERRgamma gene expression induced by alcohol-mediated activation of CB1 receptor results in induction of CYP2E1, while liver-specific ablation of ERRgamma gene expression blocks alcohol-induced expression of CYP2E1 in mouse liver. An ERRgamma inverse agonist significantly ameliorates chronic alcohol-induced liver injury in mice through inhibition of CYP2E1-mediated generation of ROS, while inhibition of CYP2E1 by CMZ abrogates the beneficial effects of the inverse agonist. Finally, chronic alcohol-mediated ERRgamma and CYP2E1 gene expression, ROS generation and liver injury in normal mice were nearly abolished in CB1(-/-) mice. CONCLUSIONS: ERRgamma, as a previously unrecognised transcriptional regulator of hepatic CB1 receptor, controls alcohol-induced oxidative stress and liver injury through CYP2E1 induction, and its inverse agonist could ameliorate oxidative liver injury due to chronic alcohol exposure.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2012-303347" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1136/gutjnl-2012-303347</a>
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
2013
Alcohol-Induced Injury
Alcoholic Liver Disease
Alcoholic/genetics/*metabolism/prevention & control
Animals
Cannabinoid
CB1/*physiology
Chiang John Y L
Choi Hueng-Sik
Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 Inhibitors
Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1/genetics/*metabolism
Department of Integrative Medical Sciences
Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology/therapeutic use
Enzymologic/drug effects/physiology
Estrogen/deficiency/genetics/*physiology
Ethanol/pharmacology
Gene Expression Profiling/methods
Gene Expression Regulation
Gene Regulation
Genetic/physiology
Gut
Inbred C57BL
Jang Hyun-Hee
Jeong Won-Il
Kim Don-Kyu
Kim Jung Ran
Kim Yong-Hoon
Knockout
Koh Minseob
Koo Seung-Hoi
Lee Chul-Ho
Liver
Liver Diseases
Liver Metabolism
Liver/metabolism
Male
Mice
NEOMED College of Medicine
Oxidation-Reduction
Oxidative Stress/physiology
Park Jinyoung
Park Seung Bum
Park Tae-Sik
Receptor
Receptors
Signal Transduction/drug effects/physiology
Tamoxifen/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology/therapeutic use
Transcription
Yun Chul-Ho
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2019.03.007" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2019.03.007</a>
Rights
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hemorrhagic Soft Tissue Upper Airway Obstruction From Brodifacoum-Contaminated Synthetic Cannabinoid
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
The Journal of Emergency Medicine
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2019
2019-05
Subject
The topic of the resource
brodifacoum; cannabinoid; coagulopathy; soft tissue hemorrhage; synthetic marijuana
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Ross Christopher H; Singh Parvinder; Simon Erin L
Description
An account of the resource
BACKGROUND: More than 60 types of cannabinoids are found in nature; the remaining are chemically synthesized analogs of natural cannabinoids. Synthetic cannabinoids were first reported in the United States in 2008. These compounds are usually smoked by users and are sold under various names. Synthesized products have clinical effects that are similar to the effects of cannabis, which include tachycardia, conjunctival injection, nystagmus, vomiting, and ataxia. In cases of acute overdose, hyperthermia, acute kidney injury, seizures, and rhabdomyolysis can occur. CASE REPORT: Deaths and life-threatening coagulopathies caused by brodifacoum (BDF) adulteration of synthetic cannabinoids have been reported in Illinois and other regions of the United States. BDF is a long-acting vitamin K-dependent antagonist that is often used as rat poison and that can cause massive hemorrhage. BDF is sometimes referred to as "superwarfarin" because the anticoagulant effect is 100 times greater than warfarin on a molar basis and its half-life is 20-130 days, which markedly exceeds that of warfarin. The rationale for lacing synthetic cannabinoids with BDF may be associated with attempts to enhance psychoactive effect of the drug, keeping the user high for a longer period of time because of lipid storage, hepatic metabolism, and slow release. We present the case of a healthy 27-year-old man who developed severe soft tissue hemorrhage and airway obstruction after use of a cannabinoid laced with BDF. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: To date there have been no case reports documenting severe soft tissue hemorrhage leading to airway obstruction and respiratory failure from synthetic cannabinoid use, whether or not the synthetic cannabinoid has been adulterated. Severe complications can arise from use, and treatment includes vitamin K and supportive therapy because the resulting coagulopathy can take days to weeks to resolve.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2019.03.007" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.jemermed.2019.03.007</a>
2019
brodifacoum
Cannabinoid
coagulopathy
Department of Emergency Medicine
June 2019 Update
NEOMED College of Medicine
Ross Christopher H
Simon Erin L
Singh Parvinder
soft tissue hemorrhage
synthetic marijuana
The Journal of emergency medicine
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Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20141494" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20141494</a>
Pages
181–193
Issue
2
Volume
470
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Orphan nuclear receptor oestrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRgamma) plays a key role in hepatic cannabinoid receptor type 1-mediated induction of CYP7A1 gene expression.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
The Biochemical journal
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015
2015-09
Subject
The topic of the resource
Animals; bile acid; Bile Acids and Salts/metabolism; Cannabinoid; cannabinoid receptors; CB1/agonists/genetics/*metabolism; Cells; Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase/*biosynthesis/genetics; cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1); Cultured; Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism; Drug Inverse Agonism; Estrogen/genetics/*metabolism; Ethanol/pharmacology; Gene Expression; Genetic; Glycerides/pharmacology; GSK5182; HEK293 Cells; Hepatocytes/metabolism; Humans; Inbred C57BL; Knockout; Liver/*metabolism; Mice; oestrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRgamma); orphan nuclear receptor; Promoter Regions; Rats; Receptor; Receptors; small heterodimer partner (SHP); Sprague-Dawley; Transcription
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Zhang Yaochen; Kim Don-Kyu; Lee Ji-Min; Park Seung Bum; Jeong Won-Il; Kim Seong Heon; Lee In-Kyu; Lee Chul-Ho; Chiang John Y L; Choi Hueng-Sik
Description
An account of the resource
Bile acids are primarily synthesized from cholesterol in the liver and have important roles in dietary lipid absorption and cholesterol homoeostasis. Detailed roles of the orphan nuclear receptors regulating cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), the rate-limiting enzyme in bile acid synthesis, have not yet been fully elucidated. In the present study, we report that oestrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRgamma) is a novel transcriptional regulator of CYP7A1 expression. Activation of cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1 receptor) signalling induced ERRgamma-mediated transcription of the CYP7A1 gene. Overexpression of ERRgamma increased CYP7A1 expression in vitro and in vivo, whereas knockdown of ERRgamma attenuated CYP7A1 expression. Deletion analysis of the CYP7A1 gene promoter and a ChIP assay revealed an ERRgamma-binding site on the CYP7A1 gene promoter. Small heterodimer partner (SHP) inhibited the transcriptional activity of ERRgamma and thus regulated CYP7A1 expression. Overexpression of ERRgamma led to increased bile acid levels, whereas an inverse agonist of ERRgamma, GSK5182, reduced CYP7A1 expression and bile acid synthesis. Finally, GSK5182 significantly reduced hepatic CB1 receptor-mediated induction of CYP7A1 expression and bile acid synthesis in alcohol-treated mice. These results provide the molecular mechanism linking ERRgamma and bile acid metabolism.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20141494" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1042/BJ20141494</a>
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
2015
Animals
bile acid
Bile Acids and Salts/metabolism
Cannabinoid
cannabinoid receptors
CB1/agonists/genetics/*metabolism
Cells
Chiang John Y L
Choi Hueng-Sik
Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase/*biosynthesis/genetics
cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1)
Cultured
Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism
Department of Integrative Medical Sciences
Drug Inverse Agonism
Estrogen/genetics/*metabolism
Ethanol/pharmacology
Gene Expression
Genetic
Glycerides/pharmacology
GSK5182
HEK293 Cells
Hepatocytes/metabolism
Humans
Inbred C57BL
Jeong Won-Il
Kim Don-Kyu
Kim Seong Heon
Knockout
Lee Chul-Ho
Lee In-Kyu
Lee Ji-Min
Liver/*metabolism
Mice
NEOMED College of Medicine
oestrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRgamma)
orphan nuclear receptor
Park Seung Bum
Promoter Regions
Rats
Receptor
Receptors
small heterodimer partner (SHP)
Sprague-Dawley
The Biochemical journal
Transcription
Zhang Yaochen