Psychiatric Diagnostic Uncertainty: Challenges to Patient-Centered Care.
*Ethics; *Patient-Centered Care; *Social Stigma; *Uncertainty; Adolescent; Bipolar Disorder/*diagnosis/therapy; Clinical Decision-Making/*ethics; Communication; Depression/*diagnosis/therapy; Female; Humans; Medical; Privacy; Social Responsibility
In this case and commentary, a patient's request to be treated for depression without a stigmatizing diagnostic label of bipolar II disorder challenges a clinician's obligation to provide a clinically and ethically appropriate diagnosis and safe treatment consistent with the patient's family medical history. Sensitively recognizing and responding to patients' concerns and values, even when they might conflict with the delivery of reasonable psychiatric care, is essential when gauging the appropriateness of such therapeutic practices. Furthermore, developing honest and open communication; recognizing that patients, like some psychiatric diagnoses, do not fit into discrete boundaries or cannot be categorized by a single label; and placing the patient at the center of care can all serve to resolve value conflicts, protect patient privacy, and promote accurate diagnostic and treatment practices.
Aultman Julie M
AMA journal of ethics
2016
2016-06
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1001/journalofethics.2016.18.6.ecas2-1606" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1001/journalofethics.2016.18.6.ecas2-1606</a>
The Personal Social Networks of Resettled Bhutanese Refugees During Pregnancy in the United States: A Social Network Analysis.
Bhutan; Communication; Community health; Extended Family; Female; Human; Interpersonal Relations; Interviews; Maternal and child health; Ohio; Pregnancy; Psychological; Qualitative Studies; Refugees; Refugees – Psychosocial Factors – In Pregnancy; Social network analysis; Social Networks – Utilization – United States; Social support; Stress; United States
Women comprise 50% of the refugee population, 25% of whom are of reproductive age. Female refugees are at risk for experiencing significant hardships associated with the refugee experience, including after resettlement. For refugee women, the strength of their personal social networks can play an important role in mitigating the stress of resettlement and can be an influential source of support during specific health events, such as pregnancy. A personal social network analysis was conducted among 45 resettled Bhutanese refugee women who had given birth within the past 2 years in the Akron Metropolitan Area of Northeast Ohio. Data were collected using in-depth interviews conducted in Nepali over a
Kingsbury Diana M; Bhatta Madhav P; Castellani Brian; Khanal Aruna; Jefferis Eric; S Hallam Jeffery
Journal of community health
2018
2018-12
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-018-0518-9" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1007/s10900-018-0518-9</a>
Exploring the Role of YouTube in Disseminating Psychoeducation.
*Models; China – Ethnology; China/ethnology; Communication; Educational; Human; Humans; Mental health; Mental Health – Education; Mental Health/*education; Models; Schizophrenia; Social media; Social Media – Utilization; Social Media/*statistics & numerical data; Social Stigma; Stigma; United States; Video Recording/*trends; Videorecording – Trends; Young Adult
OBJECTIVE: Social media can bridge the gap between health care and ethnic minorities over cultural barriers. This study explores the role of YouTube in delivering schizophrenia education to individuals in the USA who are also fluent in Chinese. METHODS: Three psychoeducational YouTube videos related to schizophrenia were uploaded. Data were collected for a 12-month period, and results were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: The videos recorded 4935 views with a total viewing time of 35,614 min. The first-episode psychosis video had the most number of views and shares, and the longest total watch time and average view duration. The targeted age group (\textless 34 years old) comprised about half of the total views and had a 14.4% longer average view duration compared to the overall average. CONCLUSION: YouTube is a useful tool that delivers schizophrenia education to Chinese-speaking individuals in the USA. It may also help alleviate the negative stigma regarding schizophrenia and other mental health issues.
Lam Nikki Hei Tong; Tsiang John Ta-Hsiang; Woo Benjamin K P
Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry
2017
2017-12
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1007/s40596-017-0835-9" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1007/s40596-017-0835-9</a>
Ethics of translation: MOLST and electronic advance directives.
*Advance Directives/ethics; *Decision Making; *Electronics; *Life Support Care/ethics; *Resuscitation Orders; *Terminal Care/ethics; Advance Care Planning – Ethical Issues; Advance Directives – Ethical Issues; Cardiopulmonary; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/ethics; Communication; Computer Assisted; Computer-Assisted; Decision Making; Decision Making/ethics; Decision Support Techniques; Humans; Life Support Care – Ethical Issues; Medical; Medical Orders; Patient; Patient Autonomy; Personal Values; Resuscitation; Resuscitation Orders; Right to Die; Terminal Care – Ethical Issues; United States; Values Clarification
Aultman Julie M
The American journal of bioethics : AJOB
2010
2010-04
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1080/15265161003633003" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1080/15265161003633003</a>
Approaches to Modifying the Behavior of Clinicians Who Are Noncompliant With Antimicrobial Stewardship Program Guidelines.
*antibiotic stewardship; *Antimicrobial Stewardship; *ASP; *outlier physicians; *peer review; *Practice Patterns; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*therapeutic use; Communication; Evidence-Based Medicine; Guideline Adherence; Humans; Physicians; Physicians'; Practice Guidelines as Topic
Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) are a key national initiative to promote appropriate use of antibiotics and to reduce the burden of resistance. The dilemma of managing the outlier physician is especially complex. We outline strategies to establish a successful ASP that reviews appropriate efforts to achieve the goal of modifying outlier physicians' behavior. One must try to differentiate deviation from ASP norms from all other issues of outliers. Essential elements include identifying and understanding the local problems, planning, and achieving hospital administration and medical staff support. A successful ASP includes effective communication and acceptance of evidence-based recommendations, so that patient clinical outcomes will be optimized.
Goldstein Ellie J C; Goff Debra A; Reeve William; Naumovski Snezana; Epson Erin; Zenilman Jonathan; Kaye Keith S; File Thomas M Jr
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
2016
2016-08
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciw247" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1093/cid/ciw247</a>
Attitudes of female nurses and female residents toward each other: a qualitative study in one U.S. teaching hospital.
*Attitude of Health Personnel; *Internship and Residency; *Physician-Nurse Relations; Australia; Communication; Female; Focus Groups; Gender Identity; Hospitals; Humans; Male; Norway; Nurses/*psychology; Physicians; Sexual Behavior; Teaching; United States; Women/*psychology
PURPOSE: To describe the attitudes of female nurses and female resident physicians toward each other in surgery, internal medicine, obstetrics-gynecology, and emergency medicine in one Midwest teaching hospital in the United States. METHOD: Using a qualitative methodology, 51 women were interviewed in 2002: 28 nurses and 23 residents. Questions were asked to determine if and how female nurses and female residents believed gender was a factor in their interprofessional relationships, how each described their relationship with the other, the kind of assistance female nurses provide to female residents, the kind of assistance sought by female residents, and the strengths and challenges of the female nurse-female resident relationship. Data were analyzed using NUD*IST software. RESULTS: Consistent with similar studies conducted in Norway and Australia, the results include the following: For female nurses, occupation is secondary to gender, which is to say that gender is the most important link between female nurses and female residents. For female residents, gender is secondary to occupation/occupational status. CONCLUSIONS: With the number of female residents increasing each year in hospitals, this relationship should be further examined so that dysfunctional communication patterns between the two groups can be challenged.
Wear Delese; Keck-McNulty Cynthia
Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges
2004
2004-04
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1097/00001888-200404000-00004" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1097/00001888-200404000-00004</a>
Specialty milestones and the next accreditation system: an opportunity for the simulation community.
*Clinical Competence; *Patient Simulation; Accreditation/*organization & administration/standards; Attitudes; Communication; Education; Graduate/*standards; Health Knowledge; Humans; Internship and Residency/*standards; Medical; Medicine/standards; Patient Care; Physician's Role; Practice
The Accreditation for Graduate Medical Education has developed a new process of accreditation, the Next Accreditation System (NAS), which focuses on outcomes. A key component of the NAS is specialty milestones-specific behavior, attributes, or outcomes within the general competency domains. Milestones will mark a level of proficiency of a resident within a competency domain. Each specialty has developed its own set of milestones, with semiannual reporting to begin July 2013, for 7 specialties, and the rest in July 2014.Milestone assessment must be based on objective data. Each specialty will determine optimal methods of measuring milestones, based on ease, cost, validity, and reliability. The simulation community has focused many graduate medical education efforts at training and formative assessment. Milestone assessment represents an opportunity for simulation modalities to offer summative assessment of milestone proficiencies, adding to the potential methods that residency programs will likely use or adapt. This article discusses the NAS, milestone assessment, and the opportunity to the simulation community to become involved in this next stage of graduate medical education assessment.
Beeson Michael S; Vozenilek John A
Simulation in healthcare : journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare
2014
2014-06
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1097/SIH.0000000000000006" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1097/SIH.0000000000000006</a>
The CARE approach to reducing diagnostic errors.
*Checklist; 80 and over; Aged; Allergic Contact/*diagnosis/therapy; Bias; Communication; Dermatitis; Dermatology/*methods; Diagnosis; Diagnostic Errors/*prevention & control; Differential; Female; Humans; Patient Care Planning
BACKGROUND: Diagnostic errors appear to be the most common, costly, and dangerous of all medical mistakes. There has been a notable increase on the focus of error prevention as part of a growing patient safety movement. However, diagnostic errors have received less attention than other types of error. Our goal is to present a short mnemonic that can act as a checklist or posted reminder to help practitioners in dermatology or any field of medicine to avoid diagnostic errors. METHODS: To meet this goal, the authors reviewed the literature and discussed errors and potential errors they have experienced over 55 years of combined practice, to create a short mnemonic. RESULTS: The CARE method has helped the authors prepare and review their differential diagnoses in the relatively fast-paced practice of dermatology, but it has yet to be tested on a large scale. CONCLUSION: The CARE (communicate, assess for biased reasoning, reconsider differential diagnoses, enact a plan) method is an efficient, recallable checklist that uses an educational approach to reduce diagnostic error while reminding us to simply "care" from a humanistic perspective. This method may help reduce preventable diagnostic errors and improve patient care.
Rush Jess L; Helms Stephen E; Mostow Eliot N
International journal of dermatology
2017
2017-06
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.13532" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1111/ijd.13532</a>
Development of a Scale to Assess Physician Advance Care Planning Self-Efficacy.
*Self Efficacy; Adult; advance care planning; Advance Care Planning; Advance Care Planning/*organization & administration; Attitude of Health Personnel; Attitudes; Chronic Disease; Communication; Cross Sectional Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; end-of-life care; Exploratory Research; family medicine; Family/*psychology; Female; Health Knowledge; Human; Humans; Instrument Construction; Instrument Validation; Male; Middle Aged; Physician-Patient Relations; Physicians; Physicians – Psychosocial Factors; Practice; Reliability and Validity; scale development; Scales; self-efficacy; Self-Efficacy – Evaluation; Surveys and Questionnaires/*standards; Terminal Care/psychology; Validation Studies
BACKGROUND: Although patients prefer that physicians initiate advance care planning (ACP) conversations, few physicians regularly do so. Physicians may be reluctant to initiate ACP conversations because they lack self-efficacy in their skills. Yet, no validated scale on self-efficacy for ACP exists. Our objective was to develop a scale that measures physicians' ACP self-efficacy (ACP-SE) and to investigate the validity of the tool. METHODS: Electronic questionnaires were administered to a random sample of family medicine physicians (n = 188). Exploratory factor analysis was performed to determine whether the scale was multidimensional. An initial assessment of the scale's validity was also conducted. RESULTS: The exploratory factor analysis indicated that a single factor was appropriate using all 17 items. A single, unidimensional scale was created by averaging the 17 items, yielding good internal consistency (Cronbach alpha = 0.95). The average scale score was 3.94 (standard deviation = 0.71) on a scale from 1 to 5. The scale was moderately correlated with a global single-item measure of self-efficacy for ACP ( r = .79, P \textless .001), and the scale differentiated between physician groups based on how much ACP they were doing, how recently they had an ACP conversation, formal training on ACP, and knowledge of ACP. In a multivariate analysis, the ACP-SE scale was a strong predictor of the percentage of patients with chronic life-limiting diseases with whom the physician discussed ACP. CONCLUSION: The final ACP-SE scale included 17 items and demonstrated high internal consistency.
Baughman Kristin R; Ludwick Ruth; Fischbein Rebecca; McCormick Kenelm; Meeker James; Hewit Mike; Drost Jennifer; Kropp Denise
The American journal of hospice & palliative care
2017
2017-06
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1177/1049909115625612" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1177/1049909115625612</a>
Dermatological patient safety: problems and solutions.
Humans; Communication; Dermatology/*standards; Patient Care Team; *Quality of Health Care; Medical Errors/*prevention & control; Safety Management/*organization & administration
BACKGROUND: Patient safety issues are the forefront of delivering effective quality healthcare. The fast pace and high volume of dermatology practice presents an opportunity for new research on error prevention and patient safety. OBJECTIVE: To identify areas of concern in patient safety to introduce starting points for new improvement projects in dermatology. METHODS: Aliterature search was performed using the PubMed database with the search terms 'patient safety' and 'quality of care'. The articles were categorized into three topics concerning patient safety research: safety in treatment and procedures received; safety issues related to facility infrastructure; and human resource management. RESULTS: Many issues identified as healthcare shortcomings such as wrong site surgery, patient misidentification, specimen errors, medication errors, communication failure, poor teamwork, healthcare worker management defects, and facility safety design problems were discussed in the literature. Each of these requires exploration with new safety initiatives for resolution. Alimitation included omitting pieces on occupational health and safety that could contribute to overall patient safety. Our search also included only data from one database. CONCLUSIONS: Patient safety is an ever-evolving process requiring continuous attention by practicing physicians including dermatologists, healthcare staff, patients, and research scholars to discover and implement new safety initiatives for overall healthcare improvement.
Uhlenhake Elizabeth; Feldman Steven R
The Journal of dermatological treatment
2010
2010-03
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.3109/09546630903085310" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.3109/09546630903085310</a>
Digital strategies for dermatology patient education.
Humans; Physician-Patient Relations; Communication; Dermatology/*methods; Patient Education as Topic/*methods; Technology/*methods
Giesey Rachel; Mostow Eliot; Lloyd Jenifer
Cutis
2018
2018-03
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Life prolongation: views of elderly outpatients and health care professionals.
Humans; Middle Aged; Aged; *Attitude of Health Personnel; Communication; Decision Making; Age Factors; *Physician-Patient Relations; *Attitude to Death; Empirical Approach; Patient Participation; Death and Euthanasia; Withholding Treatment; *Right to Die; Akron City Hospital; Resuscitation; Ethics; Stress; Medical; 80 and over; Psychological
A peculiar dynamic in communication exists between those who are most likely to be involved in life-prolongation decisions. We found that both the elderly and health care professionals talk about life-prolongation, but not with one another; that they consider some of the same factors as they think about the life-prolongation decision; and that most of them believe physicians should be responsible for initiating discussion. However, the physician or health care professional who wishes to avoid crisis situations also is reluctant to broach the issue for fear of unnecessarily alarming or compromising the defense mechanisms of the patient. The patient remains patient, waiting–with fears of dependency, memories of previous life-threatening experiences, and deep sensitivity for suffering–for the physician to initiate the discussion. Is a mediator such as a family member necessary in these situations? Is the hospital environment not conductive to discussion of less than heroic efforts?
Kohn M; Menon G
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
1988
1988-09
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1988.tb04270.x" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1111/j.1532-5415.1988.tb04270.x</a>
"Face-to-face with It": medical students' narratives about their end-of-life education.
Humans; United States; Communication; Decision Making; *Curriculum; *Physician-Patient Relations; Students; Terminal Care/*psychology; *Attitude to Death; Anecdotes as Topic; Professional-Family Relations; Terminally Ill; Undergraduate; Medical; *Education; Medical/*psychology
Medical schools have been slow to include meaningful end-of-life (EOL) educational experiences in their curricula. As an area of inquiry and focused clinical experience, death is "conspicuous" by its absence, reflecting a medical culture that defines death as failure. The author asked fourth-year medical students at one institution to describe their experiences with dying patients and their families, the skills and attitudes they brought to these encounters, the support they received from attendings and residents while caring for dying patients, and suggestions for the medical curriculum that would help prepare them for care of the dying. Using a qualitative method, she analyzed ten students' written narratives, which dealt with experiences during their third-year clerkships, and compared these reflections with the literature on EOL care in medical education. The themes that emerged provided four organizers for this essay: (1) students' worry and uncertainty about EOL care, (2) guidance and role modeling in EOL care, (3) preparation for EOL care, and (4) conclusions and recommendations for the medical curriculum. In general, students did not feel well prepared or supported as they cared for their first dying patients, including, for example, delivering a terminal prognosis or obtaining a DNR. However, while they did wish for more support and role modeling from residents and attendings, they generally believed that care of the dying can be learned only through direct clinical experience. These beliefs call into question curricular issues of placement of EOL inquiry–most often in the preclinical curriculum–and the teaching of its content, currently overwhelmingly by lectures. The author concludes with recommendations for thoughtful, integrative, interdisciplinary curriculum changes in EOL education.
Wear Delese
Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges
2002
2002-04
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Aging matters. End-of-life discussions: the art of delivering bad news.
Physician-Patient Relations; Communication; Decision Making; Professional-Family Relations; Hospice Care; Terminally Ill Patients; Patient
Murphy DP; Radwany S; Bhatnagar M
Consultant (00107069)
2008
2008-02
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Rituals of verification: the role of simulation in developing and evaluating empathic communication.
Physician-Patient Relations; Communication; Patient Satisfaction; Reproducibility of Results; Attitude of Health Personnel; Physician's Role; Educational Measurement; Students; Education; Empathy; Role Playing; Human; Patient Simulation; Medical; Bias (Research); Power; Rituals and Ceremonies; Clinical Competence – Standards; Educational Measurement – Standards
The use of simulation and standardized patients in medical education is firmly established. In this 'point-counterpoint' format we debate not their important function but the extent to which they are used to establish 'evidence' for trainees' empathic communication skills beyond their surface manifestations. We also question such issues as the power dynamics implicit in simulation when patients are not really worried or dependent but rather students who are under the evaluative surveillance gaze, often relying on formulaic and superficial behaviors associated with good communication. We offer educative experiences in narrative domains as opportunities to develop the habits of thinking and authentic feeling often absent in evaluative-based simulations.
Wear D; Varley JD
Patient Education & Counseling
2008
2008-05
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2008.01.005" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.pec.2008.01.005</a>
Circle of research and practice. Commentary on observations of the past decade's effort to bridge the gaps between health education and health promotion practice and research.
Communication; Health Promotion; Program Evaluation; Health Education; Interinstitutional Relations; Colleges and Universities; Professional Practice; Collaboration; Research-Based; Public Health Administration – Trends
Jenney J; Roberts MD
Health Promotion Practice
2000
2000-07
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Simulation-based interprofessional conference: a focus on patient handoffs and critical communication
communication; handoff; interprofessional; simulation
October 2019 Update
Gable Brad; Ahmed Rami
Bmj Simulation & Technology Enhanced Learning
2019
2019-07
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1136/bmjstel-2017-000260" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1136/bmjstel-2017-000260</a>
The consultation and referral process - A report from NEON
outcomes; communication; General & Internal Medicine; physicians; primary care; rates; information; patterns; family practice; continuity of patient care; family practice; general-practitioners; interprofessional relations; physician practice patterns; referral and consultation; specialist
BACKGROUND. Consultation and referral are essential components of the practice of primary care. Despite this, little is known about the factors that contribute to the success of a referral. We examined the short-term outcomes of communication between family physicians and consultants during the referral process. METHODS. The study setting was six family practice centers in northeastern Ohio. All eligible physicians at each center participated in data collection by means of a card study. Data was recorded on any patient who received a referral to a physician or nonphysician provider during the month of July 1994. One year later, referrals were followed up by physician questionnaire. RESULTS. Three hundred nine of 5172 total patients were referred (5.97 referrals per 100 office visits). At follow-up, the family physicians reported that 63% of patients had visited the consultant, 14% had not, and the physician had no knowledge of the actions taken by the other 23%. The referring physician received feedback from the consultant regarding 55% of the patients referred. Receipt of feedback was strongly related to communication by the family physician to the consultant at the time of referral. Physicians who received feedback were the most satisfied with communication from the consultant and the care their patient had received. CONCLUSIONS. Primary care physicians can influence the likelihood of receiving feedback from a consultant by initiating communication with the consultant. A referral wherein the physicians involved do not communicate with one another results in physician dissatisfaction. Primary care physicians must practice strategies to improve the referral process.
Bourguet C C; Gilchrist V; McCord G; Grp Neon Res
Journal of Family Practice
1998
1998-01
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
n/a
Further Analysis Of A Doctor-patient Nonverbal Communication Instrument
agreement; communication; doctor-patient communication; Environmental & Occupational Health; gender; interview; judgments; medical education; nonverbal; physician; Public; relational communication; reliability; satisfaction; skills; Social Sciences - Other; Topics; validation
Gallagher T J; Hartung P J; Gerzina H; Gregory S W; Merolla D
Patient Education and Counseling
2005
2005-06
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2004.06.008" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.pec.2004.06.008</a>
Assessment Of A Measure Of Relational Communication For Doctor-patient Interactions
agreement; communication; doctor-patient communication; Environmental & Occupational Health; interviewing skills; judgments; nonverbal; nonverbal-communication; physicians; Public; relational communication; reliability; satisfaction; scale reliability and validity; Social Sciences - Other; Topics
Gallagher T J; Hartung P J; Gregory S W
Patient Education and Counseling
2001
2001-12
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/s0738-3991(01)00126-4" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/s0738-3991(01)00126-4</a>
Depressed Mens Lower Ability To Interpret Nonverbal Cues - A Preliminary-study
communication; enhanced interpretation; Psychology; reception; recognition
Giannini A J; Folts D J; Melemis S M; Giannini M C; Loiselle R H
Perceptual and Motor Skills
1995
1995-10
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1177/003151259508100239" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1177/003151259508100239</a>
Processing Of Communication Calls In Guinea Pig Auditory Cortex
Acoustic noise; Action potentials; Anesthesia; Auditory cortex; Brain research; Broadband; Communication; conspecific; Auditory cortex; Cortex (temporal); cortical discrimination; Councils; functional specialization; Guinea pigs; Localization; Macaque; Medical research; Monkeys; neural representation; Neurobiology; neurons; Neurosciences; Ohio; purr call; rhesus-monkey; Saimiri; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Sciences: Comprehensive Works; single neurons; social vocalizations; Sound; species-specific vocalizations; squirrel-monkeys; Stimuli; United Kingdom--UK; Urethane; Vocalization; vocalizations
Vocal communication is an important aspect of guinea pig behaviour and a large contributor to their acoustic environment. We postulated that some cortical areas have distinctive roles in processing conspecific calls. In order to test this hypothesis we presented exemplars from all ten of their main adult vocalizations to urethane anesthetised animals while recording from each of the eight areas of the auditory cortex. We demonstrate that the primary area (AI) and three adjacent auditory belt areas contain many units that give isomorphic responses to vocalizations. These are the ventrorostral belt (VRB), the transitional belt area (T) that is ventral to AI and the small area (area S) that is rostral to AI. Area VRB has a denser representation of cells that are better at discriminating among calls by using either a rate code or a temporal code than any other area. Furthermore, 10% of VRB cells responded to communication calls but did not respond to stimuli such as clicks, broadband noise or pure tones. Area S has a sparse distribution of call responsive cells that showed excellent temporal locking, 31% of which selectively responded to a single call. AI responded well to all vocalizations and was much more responsive to vocalizations than the adjacent dorsocaudal core area. Areas VRB, AI and S contained units with the highest levels of mutual information about call stimuli. Area T also responded well to some calls but seems to be specialized for low sound levels. The two dorsal belt areas are comparatively unresponsive to vocalizations and contain little information about the calls. AI projects to areas S, VRB and T, so there may be both rostral and ventral pathways for processing vocalizations in the guinea pig.
Grimsley J M S; Shanbhag S J; Palmer A R; Wallace M N
Plos One
2012
2012-12
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051646" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1371/journal.pone.0051646</a>
I'm Going to Be OK
Communication; Diabetes; Medicine; Trust; Emergency; Social Work; Medicine & Public Health; Health Psychology; Medical Sociology; Premedical Education
“It’s about time you got in here.” I was just a few minutes late getting started for Kathleen’s appointment, so it seemed apparent she was in a hurry. Kathleen sat in a chair next to our examination table. She was restless and her excess body weight poured around the arm rests. I politely explained that I had spent the last few moments reading over her records.
Emily Godlewski
Health Disparities : Weaving A New Understanding Through Case Narratives
2019
2019
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12771-8_51" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1007/978-3-030-12771-8_51</a>
Stalemate
Communication; Medicine; Poverty; Social Work; Addiction; Medicine & Public Health; Health Psychology; Medical Sociology; Premedical Education; Lung disease
My next patient to be seen during office hours is the typical one whose name is instantly recognizable and causes a shiver much like what a sour candy ball does to your mouth. The interaction is pleasurable enough, but the end result is always disagreeable.
Brian Bachelder
Health Disparities : Weaving A New Understanding Through Case Narratives
2019
1905-07
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12771-8_36" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1007/978-3-030-12771-8_36</a>
Narrative counseling
Professional Identity; Communication; career construction counseling; Narrative Therapy; Therapeutic Processes; Storytelling; Career Development; Occupational Guidance; Self-Concept; Career Change; career stories; career transition; narrative identity; narrative psychology; Narrative Therapy
This chapter explains how practitioners use narrative psychology to help clients revise their career stories to increase comprehension, coherence, and continuity. Narrative therapy is an umbrella term that encompasses a variety of approaches to counseling. The diverse approaches share the belief that client stories are central to identity and identity change. Practitioners of career construction counseling use narrative psychology to help clients unfold their stories, so that in the end the stories can enfold their uncertainty and quell their apprehension. Constructionist counseling rests on a relationship in which a career transition is coconstructed through narration. Stories serve as the construction tools for building narrative identity and highlighting career themes in complex social interactions. Career construction counseling has two major dimensions: relationship and communication. The relationship dimension refers to processes of engagement, interaction, and encouragement. The communication dimension refers to the structure of story elicitation and the content of the stories. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)
Savickas Mark L
Career Counseling., 2nd Ed.
2019
1905-7
Book Section
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1037/0000105-003" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1037/0000105-003</a>
Physiological and behavioral responses to vocalization playback in mice.
stress; mouse; anxiety; communication; vocalization; corticosterone; low frequency; ultrasonic
In mice, the caller's production of social vocalizations has been extensively studied but the effect of these vocalizations on the listener is less understood, with playback studies to date utilizing one vocalization category or listeners of one sex. This study examines how several categories of mouse vocalizations affect listeners of both sexes to better understand the communicative functions of these vocal categories. We examined physiological and behavioral responses of male and female CBA/CaJ mice to playback of four social vocalization categories: ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs), low-frequency harmonic calls, mid-frequency vocalizations, and noisy calls. Based on the conditions under which these calls are emitted, we hypothesized that playback of these vocal categories would have differential effects on the listeners. In females, playback of all four vocalization categories increased stress hormone levels (corticosterone), but only the non-USV categories increased corticosterone in males. The magnitude of corticosterone increase in non-USV trials was greater in females than in males. In open field tests, all four vocal categories decreased central ambulation in males and females, indicating an increase in anxiety-related behavior. Further, we found that the proportions of USVs emitted by subjects, but not their overall calling rates, were affected by playback of some vocal categories, suggesting that vocalization categories have different communication content. These results show that, even in the absence of behavioral and acoustic contextual features, each vocal category evokes physiological and behavioral responses in mice, with some differences in responses as a function of the listener's sex and playback signal. These findings suggest that at least some of the vocal categories have distinct communicative functions. (Copyright © 2020 Niemczura, Grimsley, Kim, Alkhawaga, Poth, Carvalho and Wenstrup.)
Niemczura AC;Grimsley JM;Kim C;Alkhawaga A;Poth Austin;Carvalho A;Wenstrup JJ
Frontiers In Behavioral Neuroscience
2020
2020-09-01
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2020.00155" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.3389/fnbeh.2020.00155</a>