Pharmacological Secondary Prevention Of Ptsd In Youth: Challenges And Opportunities For Advancement
children; conditioned fear; cortisol; memory; morphine; pediatric injury patients; posttraumatic-stress-disorder; propranolol; Psychiatry; Psychology; stress; symptoms; traumatic
Maccani M A; Delahanty D L; Nugent N R; Berkowitz S J
Journal of Traumatic Stress
2012
2012-10
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/jts.21731" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/jts.21731</a>
Initial Urinary Epinephrine And Cortisol Levels Predict Acute Ptsd Symptoms In Child Trauma Victims
catecholamine; catecholamines; children; combat veterans; cortisol; dexamethasone-suppression; Endocrinology & Metabolism; excretion; Neurosciences & Neurology; pituitary; posttraumatic-stress-disorder; psychiatric diagnoses; Psychiatry; PTSD; severity; survivors; trauma; women
Delahanty D L; Nugent N R; Christopher N C; Walsh M
Psychoneuroendocrinology
2005
2005-02
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneunen.2004.06.004" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.psyneunen.2004.06.004</a>
Predicting Ptsd Prospectively Based On Prior Trauma History And Immediate Biological Responses
autonomic responses; catecholamine excretion; catecholamines; cortisol; depression; developmental traumatology; excretion; heart rate; heart rate; holocaust survivors; major; motor-vehicle accident; plasma norepinephrine; posttraumatic-stress-disorder; predictors; PTSD; trauma history; urinary cortisol
Delahanty D L; Nugent N R
Psychobiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: a Decade of Progress
2006
2006
Book Chapter
n/a
Neural Network-Based Real-Time Prediction of Glucose in Patients with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes
blood-glucose; circadian rhythmicity; cortisol; depression; Endocrinology & Metabolism; glycemic control; mellitus; resistance; stress
Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) technologies report measurements of interstitial glucose concentration every 5 min. CGM technologies have the potential to be utilized for prediction of prospective glucose concentrations with subsequent optimization of glycemic control. This article outlines a feed-forward neural network model (NNM) utilized for real-time prediction of glucose. Methods: A feed-forward NNM was designed for real-time prediction of glucose in patients with diabetes implementing a prediction horizon of 75 min. Inputs to the NNM included CGM values, insulin dosages, metered glucose values, nutritional intake, lifestyle, and emotional factors. Performance of the NNM was assessed in 10 patients not included in the model training set. Results: The NNM had a root mean squared error of 43.9 mg/dL and a mean absolute difference percentage of 22.1. The NNM routinely overestimates hypoglycemic extremes, which can be attributed to the limited number of hypoglycemic reactions in the model training set. The model predicts 88.6% of normal glucose concentrations (>70 and <180mg/dL), 72.6% of hyperglycemia (>= 180mg/dL), and 2.1% of hypoglycemia (<= 70mg/dL). Clarke Error Grid Analysis of model predictions indicated that 92.3% of predictions could be regarded as clinically acceptable and not leading to adverse therapeutic direction. Of these predicted values, 62.3% and 30.0% were located within Zones A and B, respectively, of the error grid. Conclusions: Real-time prediction of glucose via the proposed NNM may provide a means of intelligent therapeutic guidance and direction.
Pappada S M; Cameron B D; Rosman P M; Bourey R E; Papadimos T J; Olorunto W; Borst M J
Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics
2011
2011-02
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1089/dia.2010.0104" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1089/dia.2010.0104</a>
Pharmacological modulation of acute trauma memories to prevent PTSD: considerations from a developmental perspective.
*Memory; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/*pharmacology; Adult; Animals; Child; Cortisol; Developmental; Episodic; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hydrocortisone/*biosynthesis/therapeutic use; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/*metabolism; Pituitary-Adrenal System/*metabolism; Post-Traumatic/*metabolism/prevention & control; Posttraumatic stress disorder; Propranolol; Propranolol/*pharmacology; Stress Disorders; Sympathetic Nervous System/*metabolism; Trauma memories
Estimates of the lifetime prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in American adults range from 6.4% to 6.8%. PTSD is associated with increased risk for comorbid major depression, substance use disorder, suicide, and a variety of other mental and physical health conditions. Given the negative sequelae of trauma/PTSD, research has focused on identifying efficacious interventions that could be administered soon after a traumatic event to prevent or reduce the subsequent incidence of PTSD. While early psychosocial interventions have been shown to be relatively ineffective, early (secondary) pharmacological interventions have shown promise. These pharmacological approaches are largely based on the hypothesis that disruption of altered stress hormone levels and the consequent formation of trauma memories could protect against the development of PTSD. The present manuscript reviews the literature regarding the role of peri-traumatic stress hormones as risk factors for the development of PTSD and reviews evidence for the efficacy of exogenously modulating stress hormone levels to prevent/buffer the development of PTSD symptoms. Whereas prior literature has focused primarily on either child or adult studies, the present review incorporates both child and adult studies in a developmental approach to understanding risk for PTSD and how pharmacological modulation of acute memories may buffer the development of PTSD symptoms.
Hruska Bryce; Cullen Patrick K; Delahanty Douglas L
Neurobiology of learning and memory
2014
2014-07
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2014.02.001" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.nlm.2014.02.001</a>