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                <text>Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections.</text>
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                <text>Necrotizing soft tissue infections are characterized by necrosis of skin and associated structures. Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of these infections, the mortality remains high. There have been increasing reports of necrotizing fasciitis caused by group A Streptococcus over the past decade. Recent information supports the role of superantigens in the pathogenesis of this infection. The approach to management requires expeditious evaluation with early surgery and appropriate antimicrobial agents. Limited data suggest that surgical debridement may be delayed in selected patients until the patient is stable by the use of intravenous immunoglobulin, which can neutralize superantigens.</text>
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                <text>Giardiasis is a common yet neglected cause of diarrheal illness worldwide. Antimicrobial therapy is usually but not always effective and drug resistance has become an increasing concern. Several promising drug candidates have been recently identified that can overcome antibiotic resistance in Giardia. These include derivatives of 5-nitroimidazoles and benzimidazoles, as well as hybrid compounds created from combinations of different antigiardial drugs. High-throughput screening of large compound libraries has been a productive strategy for identifying antigiardial activity in drugs already approved for other indications, e.g. auranofin. This article reviews the current treatment of giardiasis, mechanisms of resistance, advances in drug and vaccine development, and directions for further research on this significant human pathogen.</text>
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                <text>Since the identification of Legionella two decades ago, a vast amount of information has accumulated concerning the microbiology, clinical manifestations, and therapy of infections due to these organisms. There are now more than 40 species of Legionella identified. The spectrum of legionellosis ranges from asymptomatic infection to serious pneumonia. Two clinical syndromes have been identified: Legionnaire's disease and Pontiac fever. Recent information suggests that the newer macrolides and newer fluoroquinolones are preferred therapy for serious disease.</text>
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                <text>Gastrointestinal illness following natural disasters is a common occurrence and often results from the disruption of potable water supplies. The risk for outbreaks of gastrointestinal illness is higher in developing countries because of fewer available resources and poorer infrastructure. But industrialized countries are not immune from this problem, as demonstrated by an outbreak of gastroenteritis from norovirus that followed in the wake of Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Rates of gastrointestinal illness following natural disasters are influenced by the endemicity of specific pathogens in the affected region before the disaster, the type of disaster itself, the availability of health care resources, and the response by public health personnel after the disaster. Ensuring the uninterrupted supply of safe drinking water following a natural disaster, like adding chlorine, is the most important strategy to prevent outbreaks of gastrointestinal illness.</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;Users with a NEOMED Library login can search for full-text journal articles at the following url: &lt;a href="https://libraryguides.neomed.edu/home"&gt;https://libraryguides.neomed.edu/home&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Update On Cytomegalovirus Infections Of The Gastrointestinal System In Solid Organ Transplant Recipients</text>
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                <text>CMV; Cytomegalovirus; Gastrointestinal infection; Infectious Diseases; Solid organ transplant</text>
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                <text>Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection of the gastrointestinal tract is the most common manifestation of tissue-invasive CMV disease, and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the solid organ transplantation (SOT) recipient. In addition to the direct effects of the infection, its indirect effects on allograft function, risk for other opportunistic infections, and mortality are significant in this population. The most common clinical syndromes are esophagitis, colitis, and hepatitis; however, infection can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract. Diagnosis is usually by histopathology or viral culture of tissue specimens; molecular assays also often have a role. Antivirals are the cornerstone of therapy for gastrointestinal tract CMV disease and complications such as recurrent infection and antiviral resistance are not uncommon. Prevention with antiviral prophylaxis or preemptive therapy is important. This review summarizes recent data regarding the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of gastrointestinal tract CMV infection in the SOT population.</text>
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