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Text
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz816" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz816</a>
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Title
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Ceftolozane/Tazobactam vs Polymyxin or Aminoglycoside-based Regimens for the Treatment of Drug-resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
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Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
Date
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2019
2019-09
Subject
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aminoglycoside; ceftolozane; multidrug resistant; polymyxin; Pseudomonas
October 2019 Update
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Pogue Jason M; Kaye Keith S; Veve Michael P; Patel Twisha S; Gerlach Anthony T; Davis Susan L; Puzniak Laura A; File Tom M; Olson Shannon; Dhar Sorabh; Bonomo Robert A; Perez Federico
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BACKGROUND: Ceftolozane/tazobactam is a novel cephalosporin/beta-lactamase inhibitor combination that often retains activity against resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The comparative safety and efficacy vs polymyxins or aminoglycosides in this setting remains unknown. METHODS: A retrospective, multicenter, observational cohort study was performed. Patients who received ceftolozane/tazobactam were compared with those treated with either polymyxin or aminoglycoside-based regimens for infections due to drug-resistant P. aeruginosa. Multivariate logistic regression was performed controlling for factors associated with treatment to assess the independent impact of ceftolozane/tazobactam on clinical cure, acute kidney injury (AKI), and in-hospital mortality. RESULTS: A total of 200 patients were included (100 in each treatment arm). The cohort represented an ill population with 69% in the intensive care unit, 63% mechanically ventilated, and 42% in severe sepsis or septic shock at infection onset. The most common infection type was ventilator-associated pneumonia (52%); 7% of patients were bacteremic. Combination therapy was more commonly used in polymyxin/aminoglycoside patients than those who received ceftolozane/tazobactam (72% vs 15%, P < .001). After adjusting for differences between groups, receipt of ceftolozane/tazobactam was independently associated with clinical cure (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31-5.30) and protective against AKI (aOR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.03-0.22). There was no difference in in-hospital mortality. The number needed to treat for a clinical cure with ceftolozane/tazobactam was 5, and the number needed to harm with AKI with a polymyxin/aminoglycoside was 4. CONCLUSIONS: These data support the preferential use of ceftolozane/tazobactam over polymyxins or aminoglycosides for drug-resistant P. aeruginosa infections.
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz816" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1093/cid/ciz816</a>
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2019
aminoglycoside
Bonomo Robert A
ceftolozane
Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
Davis Susan L
Department of Internal Medicine
Dhar Sorabh
File Tom M
Gerlach Anthony T
Kaye Keith S
multidrug resistant
NEOMED College of Medicine
October 2019 Update
Olson Shannon
Patel Twisha S
Perez Federico
Pogue Jason M
polymyxin
Pseudomonas
Puzniak Laura A
Veve Michael P