Browse Items · NEOMED Bibliography Database

Inputs to combination-sensitive neurons of the inferior colliculus.

In the mustached bat, combination-sensitive neurons display integrative responses to combinations of acoustic elements in biosonar or social vocalizations. One type of combination-sensitive neuron responds to multiple harmonics of the…

Tags: *Brain Mapping, 1999, Acoustic Stimulation, Animals, Auditory, Brain Stem/*physiology, Chiroptera/*physiology, College of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Evoked Potentials, Grose C D, Inferior Colliculi/*physiology, Mittmann D H, NEOMED College of Medicine, Neurons/*physiology, The Journal of comparative neurology, Wenstrup J J

Age-related size reduction of foramina in the cribriform plate.

Anecdotal evidence suggests that the foramina of the cribriform plate which transmit cranial nerve I decrease in size with age, but this finding has never been supported with quantitative data. It has also been observed that olfactory function…

Retrograde axonal tracing with fluorescent markers.

The growth of fluorescence imaging technology and the development of sensitive fluorescent retrograde tracers has provided many new approaches for analyzing neuronal circuits. Fluorescent markers provide unparalleled opportunity for combining axonal…

Tags: *Fluorescent Dyes, 2008, Animals, Axons/*ultrastructure, Current protocols in neuroscience, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Fluorescent Antibody Technique/*methods, Humans, NEOMED College of Medicine, Neural Pathways/*anatomy & histology, Schofield Brett R

Nutrient intake and balancing among female Colobus angolensis palliatus inhabiting structurally distinct forest areas: Effects of group, season, and reproductive state.

Understanding intraspecific behavioral and dietary variation is critical for assessing primate populations' abilities to persist in habitats characterized by increasing anthropogenic disturbances. While it is evident that some species exhibit…

Tags: 2018, American journal of primatology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Diet, Dunham Noah T, foraging, geometric framework, NEOMED College of Medicine, nutritional geometry, Rodriguez-Saona Luis E

Gait selection and the ontogeny of quadrupedal walking in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri boliviensis).

Locomotor researchers have long known that adult primates employ a unique footfall sequence during walking. Most mammals use lateral sequence (LS) gaits, in which hind foot touchdowns are followed by ipsilateral forefoot touchdowns. In contrast, most…

Tags: 2012, American journal of physical anthropology, Animals, Biomechanical Phenomena/physiology, Body Size, Cross-Sectional Studies, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Female, Gait/*physiology, Logistic Models, NEOMED College of Medicine, Saimiri/*physiology, Walking/*physiology, Young Jesse W

Angular momentum and arboreal stability in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus).

Despite the importance that concepts of arboreal stability have in theories of primate locomotor evolution, we currently lack measures of balance performance during primate locomotion. We provide the first quantitative data on locomotor stability in…

Grasping primate development: Ontogeny of intrinsic hand and foot proportions in capuchin monkeys (Cebus albifrons and Sapajus apella).

Young primates have relatively large hands and feet for their body size, perhaps enhancing grasping ability. We test the hypothesis that selection for improved grasping ability is responsible for these scaling trends by examining the ontogeny of…

Behavioral implications of ontogenetic changes in intrinsic hand and foot proportions in olive baboons (Papio Anubis).

OBJECTIVES: Relatively long digits are considered to enhance grasping performance in primates. We tested whether growth-related changes in intrinsic hand and foot proportions may have behavioral implications for growing animals, by examining whether…

Developments in development: What have we learned from primate locomotor ontogeny?

The importance of locomotion to evolutionary fitness has led to extensive study of primate locomotor behavior, morphology and ecology. Most previous research has focused on adult primates, but in the last few decades, increased attention to locomotor…

A user's guide for the quantitative analysis of substrate characteristics and locomotor kinematics in free-ranging primates.

OBJECTIVES: Laboratory studies have yielded important insights into primate locomotor mechanics. Nevertheless, laboratory studies fail to capture the range of ecological and structural variation encountered by free-ranging primates. We present…

Tags: 2018, American journal of physical anthropology, branch diameter, Compliance, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Dunham Noah T, Gait, Hieronymus Tobin, McNamara Allison, NEOMED College of Medicine, Orientation, quadrupedalism, Shapiro Liza, Young Jesse W

Sound transmission in archaic and modern whales: anatomical adaptations for underwater hearing.

The whale ear, initially designed for hearing in air, became adapted for hearing underwater in less than ten million years of evolution. This study describes the evolution of underwater hearing in cetaceans, focusing on changes in sound transmission…

Evolution of hyperphalangy and digit reduction in the cetacean manus.

Cetaceans (whales, dolphins, and porpoises) have a soft tissue flipper that encases most of the forelimb, and elongated digits with an increased number of phalanges (hyperphalangy). In addition, some cetaceans exhibit a reduction in digit number.…

Tags: *Adaptation, *Biological Evolution, 2007, Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007), Animals, Berta Annalisa, Cetacea/*anatomy & histology/physiology, Cooper Lisa Noelle, Dawson Susan D, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Forelimb/*anatomy & histology/physiology, Morphogenesis, NEOMED College of Medicine, Newborn, Phylogeny, Physiological, Reidenberg Joy S

Neuromuscular anatomy and evolution of the cetacean forelimb.

The forelimb of cetaceans (whales, dolphins, and porpoises) has been radically modified during the limb-to-flipper transition. Extant cetaceans have a soft tissue flipper encasing the manus and acting as a hydrofoil to generate lift. The…

Development of the skull of the pantropical spotted dolphin (Stenella attenuata).

We describe the bony and cartilaginous structures of five fetal skulls of Stenella attenuata (pantropical spotted dolphin) specimens. The specimens represent early fetal life as suggested by the presence of rostral tactile hairs and the beginnings of…

Tags: 2011, Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007), Animals, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Ear, Ear Ossicles/anatomy & histology/growth & development, Middle/anatomy & histology/growth & development, Moran Meghan M, NEOMED College of Medicine, Nummela Sirpa, Skull/*anatomy & histology/*growth & development, Stenella/*anatomy & histology/*growth & development, Thewissen J G M

Seasonal and Ontogenetic Variation in Subcutaneous Adipose Of the Bowhead Whale (Balaena mysticetus).

Cetacean evolution was shaped by an extraordinary land-to-sea transition in which the ancestors of whales became fully aquatic. As part of this transition, these mammals evolved unusually thick blubber which acts as a metabolic reservoir as well as…

Sensory Hairs in the Bowhead Whale, Balaena mysticetus (Cetacea, Mammalia).

We studied the histology and morphometrics of the hairs of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus). These whales are hairless except for two patches of more than 300 hairs on the rostral tip of the lower lip and chin, the rostral tip of the upper lip,…

Ontogeny of the Orbital Glands and Their Environs in the Pantropical Spotted Dolphin (Stenella attenuata: Delphinidae).

The nasolacrimal duct (NLD) connects the orbital (often associated with the Deep Anterior Orbital gland: DAOG, a.k.a. Harderian gland) and nasal regions in many tetrapods. Adult cetaceans are usually said to lack an NLD, and there is little agreement…

A Comparison of the Cortical Structure of the Bowhead Whale (Balaena mysticetus), a Basal Mysticete, with Other Cetaceans.

Few studies exist of the bowhead whale brain and virtually nothing is known about its cortical cytoarchitecture or how it compares to other cetaceans. Bowhead whales are one of the least encephalized cetaceans and occupy a basal phylogenetic position…

Getting into Shape: Limb Bone Strength in Perinatal Lemur catta and Propithecus coquereli.

Functional studies of skeletal anatomy are predicated on the fundamental assumption that form will follow function. For instance, previous studies have shown that the femora of specialized leaping primates are more robust than those of more…

Tags: 2018, Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007), cross-sectional geometry, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Jankord Kathryn, material properties, NEOMED College of Medicine, ontogeny, quadrupedalism, Saunders Marnie M, Smith Timothy D, vertical clinging and leaping, Young Jesse W

Age-related expression patterns of Bag-1 and Bcl-2 in growth plate and articular chondrocytes.

Aging cartilage displays increased chondrocyte apoptosis and decreased responsiveness of chondrocytes to growth factors. The molecular mechanisms responsible for these changes have not been identified. Bag-1 is a Bcl-2-binding protein that promotes…

MicroRNA-602 and microRNA-608 regulate sonic hedgehog expression via target sites in the coding region in human chondrocytes.

OBJECTIVE: Hedgehog (HH) signaling has recently been associated with cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis (OA). Because interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) has been implicated as a principal instigator of OA, we sought to determine whether

Tags: 2015, Academic Medical Centers, Aged, Akhtar Nahid, Analysis of Variance, Animal, Animals, Anterior Cruciate Ligament/surgery, Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), Blotting, Cells, Chondrocytes – Physiology, Chondrocytes/drug effects/*metabolism/pathology, Cultured, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Disease Models, Female, Funding Source, Gene Expression Regulation/genetics/*physiology, Haqqi Tariq M, Hedgehog Proteins/genetics/*metabolism, HEK293 Cells, Human, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, In Vitro Techniques, Interleukin-1beta/pharmacology, Knee/etiology/*metabolism/pathology, Makki Mohammad S, Male, Matrix Metalloproteinase 13/metabolism, MicroRNAs/genetics/*metabolism, Middle Age, Middle Aged, NEOMED College of Medicine, Ohio, Open Reading Frames/genetics/*physiology, Osteoarthritis, Osteoarthritis – Epidemiology, Osteoarthritis – Physiopathology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Rabbits, Signal Transduction/genetics/physiology, T-Tests, Transfection, Up-Regulation/drug effects/genetics/physiology, Western

MicroRNA-9 promotion of interleukin-6 expression by inhibiting monocyte chemoattractant protein-induced protein 1 expression in interleukin-1beta-stimulated human chondrocytes.

OBJECTIVE: Enhanced expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Monocyte chemoattractant protein-induced protein 1 (MCPIP-1) is a novel posttranscriptional regulator of IL-6 expression and is…

Tags: 2015, Academic Medical Centers, Aged, Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), Articular/drug effects/*metabolism, Cartilage, Cells, Chondrocytes – Physiology, Chondrocytes/drug effects/*metabolism, Cultured, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Funding Source, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Haqqi Tariq M, Haseeb Abdul, Hip/*genetics/metabolism, Human, Humans, Immunoblotting – Utilization, Immunoprecipitation, Interleukin-1beta/pharmacology, Interleukin-6/*genetics/metabolism, Interleukins – Physiology, Makki Mohammad S, Messenger/drug effects/*metabolism, MicroRNAs/drug effects/*genetics/metabolism, Middle Aged, NEOMED College of Medicine, Ohio, Osteoarthritis, Osteoarthritis – Complications, Osteoarthritis – Physiopathology, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Ribonucleases/drug effects/*genetics/metabolism, RNA, T-Tests, Transcription Factors/drug effects/*genetics/metabolism

Genetic inactivation of ZCCHC6 suppresses IL-6 expression and reduces the severity of experimental osteoarthritis in mice.

OBJECTIVE: Cytokine expression is tightly regulated post-transcriptionally but high levels of IL-6 in osteoarthritis (OA) indicate disruption of regulatory mechanisms. ZCCHC6 enzyme is implicated in post-transcriptional regulation of inflammatory…

Tags: 2018, Ahmad Nashrah, Ansari Mohammad Y, Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Green Jonathan, Haqqi Tariq M, Khan Nazir M, NEOMED College of Medicine, Novak Kimberly

Persistence of intact retinal ganglion cell terminals after axonal transport loss in the DBA/2J mouse model of glaucoma.

Axonal transport defects are an early pathology occurring within the retinofugal projection of the DBA/2J mouse model of glaucoma. Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons and terminals are detectable after transport is affected, yet little is known about…

Tags: *Axonal Transport/physiology, *bouton, *Mitochondria, *neurodegeneration, *retinal, *RRID:IMSRJAX:000671, *RRID:IMSRJAX:007048, *RRID:SCR002716, *RRID:SCR002865, *superior colliculus, *synapse, 2016, Animal, Animals, Crish Samuel D, Dengler-Crish Christine M, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Disease Models, Electron, Fening Kelly M, Glaucoma/metabolism/*pathology, Imaging, Inbred DBA, Inman Denise M, Mice, Microscopy, Mitochondria/pathology, NEOMED College of Medicine, NEOMED College of Pharmacy, Neuroanatomical Tract-Tracing Techniques, Regression Analysis, Retinal Ganglion Cells/metabolism/*pathology, Scanning, Schofield Brett R, Smith Matthew A, Superior Colliculi/metabolism/*pathology, Synapses/metabolism/*pathology, The Journal of comparative neurology, Three-Dimensional, Visual Pathways/metabolism/pathology, Xia Christina Z

Perineuronal nets in subcortical auditory nuclei of four rodent species with differing hearing ranges.

Perineuronal nets (PNs) are aggregates of extracellular matrix molecules that surround some neurons in the brain. While PNs occur widely across many cortical areas, subcortical PNs are especially associated with motor and auditory systems. The…

Bilateral projections to the thalamus from individual neurons in the inferior colliculus.

The medial geniculate body (MG) receives a large input from the ipsilateral inferior colliculus (IC) and a smaller but substantial input from the contralateral IC. Both crossed and uncrossed inputs comprise a large percentage of glutamatergic cells…

Tags: 2019, Beebe Nichole L, collateral, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, GABA, inferior colliculus, medial geniculate body, Mellott Jeffrey G, NEOMED College of Medicine, RRID:AB2278725, RRID:AB260754, Schofield Brett R, synchronization, The Journal of comparative neurology

Projections of physiologically defined subdivisions of the inferior colliculus in the mustached bat: targets in the medial geniculate body and extrathalamic nuclei.

This study examined the output of the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus to the medial geniculate body and other parts of the nervous system in the mustached bat (Pteronotus parnellii). Small deposits of anterograde tracers (horseradish…

Tags: 1994, Acoustic Stimulation, Animals, Axons/ultrastructure, Brain Mapping, Chiroptera/*physiology, College of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Geniculate Bodies/*physiology, Inferior Colliculi/*physiology, Larue D T, NEOMED College of Medicine, Neural Pathways/*physiology, Synaptic Transmission, Thalamic Nuclei/*physiology, The Journal of comparative neurology, Wenstrup J J, Winer J A

Use it or lose it? Effects of age, experience, and disuse on crawling.

What happens to early acquired but later abandoned motor skills? To investigate effects of disuse on early-developing motor skills, we examined crawling in two groups of habitual crawlers (34 6-12-month-old infants and five adults with Uner Tan…

Tags: *crawling, *disuse, *experience, *locomotion, *motor development, *quadrupedal gait, 2019, Adolph Karen E, Cole Whitney G, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Developmental psychobiology, NEOMED College of Medicine, Robinson Scott R, Vereijken Beatrix, Young Jesse W

Macroevolutionary developmental biology: Embryos, fossils, and phylogenies.

The field of evolutionary developmental biology is broadly focused on identifying the genetic and developmental mechanisms underlying morphological diversity. Connecting the genotype with the phenotype means that evo-devo research often considers a…

Review and experimental evaluation of the embryonic development and evolutionary history of flipper development and hyperphalangy in dolphins (Cetacea: Mammalia).

Cetaceans are the only mammals to have evolved hyperphalangy, an increase in the number of phalanges beyond the mammalian plesiomorphic condition of three phalanges per digit. In this study, cetaceans were used as a novel model to review previous…

A novel role for Bcl-2 associated-athanogene-1 (Bag-1) in regulation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response in mammalian chondrocytes.

BAG-1 (Bcl-2 associated athanogene-1) is a multifunctional protein, linking cell proliferation, cell death, protein folding, and cell stress. In vivo, BAG-1 is expressed in growth plate and articular cartilage, and the expression of BAG-1 is…

The presence of extracellular matrix alters the chondrocyte response to endoplasmic reticulum stress.

The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that extracellular matrix (ECM) would alter the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response of chondrocytes. Chondrocytes were isolated from calf knees and maintained in monolayer culture or…

Osteoactivin promotes osteoblast adhesion through HSPG and alphavbeta1 integrin.

Osteoactivin (OA), also known as glycoprotein nmb (gpnmb) plays an important role in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation and function. OA induced osteoblast differentiation and function in vitro by stimulating alkaline phosphatase (ALP)…

Tags: 2014, 3T3 Cells, Abdelmagid Samir M, Actin Cytoskeleton/physiology, ADHESION, Alkaline Phosphatase/biosynthesis, Animals, Antibodies/immunology, Cell Adhesion, Cell Differentiation, Cell Line, Cell Proliferation, Chlorates/pharmacology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/biosynthesis, Eye Proteins/genetics/immunology/*metabolism, Focal Adhesion Kinase 1/biosynthesis, Focal Adhesions, Frara Nagat, Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans/*metabolism, Heparin/pharmacology, Hisijara Israel Arango, Inbred C57BL, integrin, Journal of cellular biochemistry, Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics/immunology/*metabolism, Mice, Moussa Fouad M, NEOMED College of Medicine, OSTEOACTIVIN, OSTEOBLAST, OSTEOBLAST DIFFERENTIATION, Osteoblasts/*physiology, Osteogenesis/physiology, Protein Binding, Rats, Receptors, Recombinant Proteins, Safadi Fayez F, Scott Ethan M, Sondag Gregory R, Vitronectin/immunology/*metabolism

Macrophage-Associated Osteoactivin/GPNMB Mediates Mesenchymal Stem Cell Survival, Proliferation, and Migration Via a CD44-Dependent Mechanism.

Although MSCs have been widely recognized to have therapeutic potential in the repair of injured or diseased tissues, it remains unclear how functional activities of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are influenced by the surrounding inflammatory milieu…

Sucrose, But Not Glucose, Blocks IL1-beta-Induced Inflammatory Response in Human Chondrocytes by Inducing Autophagy via AKT/mTOR Pathway.

Pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) is multifactorial but interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) is known to be an important mediator of cartilage degradation. Autophagy is an essential cellular homeostasis mechanism and has been proposed to protect against…

Tags: 2015, Animals, Chadwell Brad A, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Extremities/anatomy & histology/*physiology, Fellmann Connie D, Gait, Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological genetics and physiology, Motor Activity/*physiology, NEOMED College of Medicine, Postural Balance, Russo Gabrielle A, Saguinus/*physiology, Saimiri/*physiology, Tail/*physiology, Thatikunta Meena A, Young Jesse W

Browse Items (436 total)