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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-014-9256-7" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-014-9256-7</a>
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Pages
93-109
Issue
1
Volume
22
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Title
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Intervertebral and Epiphyseal Fusion in the Postnatal Ontogeny of Cetaceans and Terrestrial Mammals
Publisher
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Journal of Mammalian Evolution
Date
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2015
2015-03
Subject
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baleen; Cetacea; Evolutionary Biology; Zoology; India; skeleton; morphology; artiodactyls; Eocene; whales; locomotor evolution; body length; Epiphyseal; fusion; Intervertebral; Vertebra; vertebral osteology
Creator
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Moran M M; Bajpai S; George J C; Suydam R; Usip S; Thewissen J G M
Description
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In this paper we studied three related aspects of the ontogeny of the vertebral centrum of cetaceans and terrestrial mammals in an evolutionary context. We determined patterns of ontogenetic fusion of the vertebral epiphyses in bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) and beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas), comparing those to terrestrial mammals and Eocene cetaceans. We found that epiphyseal fusion is initiated in the neck and the sacral region of terrestrial mammals, while in recent aquatic mammals epiphyseal fusion is initiated in the neck and caudal regions, suggesting locomotor pattern and environment affect fusion pattern. We also studied bony fusion of the sacrum and evaluated criteria used to homologize cetacean vertebrae with the fused sacrum of terrestrial mammals. We found that the initial ossification of the vertebral pedicles in the fetus may be a reliable indicator of sacral homology inmodern cetaceans. Finally, we also studied fusion of the centra of cervical vertebrae in B. mysticetus and found that it is not completed until after sexual maturity, and after 20 years of age.
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-014-9256-7" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1007/s10914-014-9256-7</a>
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Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
2015
artiodactyls
Bajpai S
baleen
body length
Cetacea
eocene
Epiphyseal
Evolutionary Biology
fusion
George J C
India
Intervertebral
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
Journal of Mammalian Evolution
locomotor evolution
Moran M M
morphology
Skeleton
Suydam R
Thewissen J G M
Usip S
Vertebra
vertebral osteology
WHALES
Zoology