The relation of breast cancer staging to screening protocol compliance: a computer simulation study.
*Computer Simulation; *Models; *Patient Compliance; Adult; Breast Neoplasms/*pathology; Clinical Protocols; Female; Humans; Mammography; Mass Screening/standards; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging/*methods; Theoretical
A computer model based on relational database techniques was used to analyze the relationship between staging and population compliance to a breast cancer screening protocol. Stage distribution data permitted estimates of compliance to the protocol. This relationship followed the equation y=5.83e-2.44x where y was compliance and x was disease stage. Application of this equation to SEER and NCDB data estimated that the levels of compliance never exceeded 16 percent. Results indicated increasing clinical Stage IV disease as population compliance decreased. As the clinical staging increased there was increased sub-clinical Stage IV disease. With regular screening, simulation suggested that mortality would decrease.
Castro Frank; Carter Kimbroe J; Kessler Edward; Erickson Barbara A; Kseibi Samer A
Computers in biology and medicine
2005
2005-02
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2003.12.006" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.compbiomed.2003.12.006</a>
Simulation of breast cancer screening: quality assessment of two protocols.
*Clinical Protocols; *Computer Simulation; *Practice Guidelines as Topic; Adult; American Cancer Society; Breast Neoplasms/*diagnosis/epidemiology; Breast Self-Examination/*standards; Female; Health Care; Humans; Mammography/*standards; Mass Screening/*standards; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Quality Assurance; Time Factors; United States
Healthcare professionals must make breast cancer screening decisions without the help of clear answers in current medical knowledge. This study used computer simulation to evaluate two screening protocols. The American Cancer Society (ACS) protocol comprising self-breast examination, professional breast examination and annual mammography was evaluated versus annual mammography alone. The effective frequency of mammography and the cost in the ACS protocol doubles the cost of mammography alone. Breast self-examination and clinical breast examination contributes to increased cost without any added health effects. These study results could be applied by healthcare professionals to assist their decision making for breast cancer screening.
Carter Kimbroe J; Castro Frank; Kessler Edward; Erickson Barbara A
Journal for healthcare quality : official publication of the National Association for Healthcare Quality
2004
2004-12
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1945-1474.2004.tb00534.x" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1111/j.1945-1474.2004.tb00534.x</a>