Post-influenza bacterial pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality associated with both seasonal and pandemic influenza virus illness. However, despite much interest in influenza and its complications in recent years, good clinical trial…
The causative organisms of community-acquired pneumonia, especially in Japan and Korea, are essentially similar to those in Western countries. If there are any differences, these are due to the laboratory tests and criteria used to define…
Purpose of review The studies that are reviewed in this article have all concluded that a shorter duration of antibiotic therapy (7-8 days) may be adequate in the treatment of the majority of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia, and does…
Evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and initial management of suspected acute bacterial rhinosinusitis in adults and children were prepared by a multidisciplinary expert panel of the Infectious Diseases Society of America comprising…
Evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and initial management of suspected acute bacterial rhinosinusitis in adults and children were prepared by a multidisciplinary expert panel of the Infectious Diseases Society of America comprising…
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common disorder with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly for older adults. Risk factors include comorbid conditions commonly found in older patients as well as immunocompromising conditions such…
This is part of the series of practice guidelines commissioned by the Infectious Diseases Society of America through its Practice Guidelines Committee. The purpose of this guideline is to provide assistance to clinicians in the diagnosis and…
Ampicillin/sulbactam (1.0-2.0 g ampicillin and 0.5-1.0 g sulbactam) and cefoxitin (1.0-2.0 g), both administered intravenously once every 6 hours, were compared in patients with lower respiratory tract infections. Thirty-two of the 51…
The complex interaction between plasma and tissue concentrations of drug has significant implications for therapies that use beta-lactam antibiotics. This comparative, triple-crossover, open-label study enrolled 12 healthy adult male volunteers to…
Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of azithromycin dihydrate monotherapy with those of a combination of cefuroxime axetil plus erythromycin as empirical therapy for community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients. Methods: Patients…
Asia is a highly heterogeneous region with vastly different cultures, social constitutions and populations affected by a wide spectrum of respiratory diseases caused by tropical pathogens. Asian patients with community-acquired pneumonia differ from…
We describe a patient with community-acquired pneumonia due to Legionella pneumophila serogroup 6. This patient was found to have bronchoalveolar carcinoma of the lung by means of cytologic testing in 1 of 2 bronchoalveolar lavage samples, but no…
We describe 6 patients who had bacteremic community-acquired pneumonia and unsuspected Legionella pneumophila coinfection. We reviewed case records of patients who were diagnosed as having a recent Legionella infection on the basis of either the…
Background: Legionnaires disease is a common cause of adult pneumonia. Outbreaks of legionnaires disease have been well described, but little is known about sporadically occurring legionnaires disease, which accounts for most infections. Exposure to…
In response to the overuse and misuse of antibiotics, leading to increasing bacterial resistance and decreasing development of new antibiotics, the Council for Appropriate and Rational Antibiotic Therapy (CARAT) has developed criteria to guide…
Background. Streptococcus pneumoniae causes a substantial proportion of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) in the United States. Limited data are available regarding the pneumococcal serotypes causing CAP…
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects 15 million people and is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. It places a considerable burden on the healthcare system, with exacerbations contributing to a significant…
The Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) urinary antigen (UAg) test is a commonly used assay. The purpose cif this study was to evaluate the test's actual performance in the clinical setting and determine the effects of renal function, grade of bacteremia,…
Purpose of review: The studies, reviewed in this article suggest that a shorter duration of antibiotic therapy is comparable to standard therapy in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia and promotes reduction of adverse events, microbial…
Pneumococcal infection is common in adults, and invasive disease is associated with a high mortality rate. Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine can prevent invasive pneumococcal disease and is recommended for people aged >= 65 years and for younger…
Pneumococcal disease, which includes pneumococcal pneumonia, meningitis, and bacteremia, is associated with substantial morbidity, mortality, and health care costs in adults. Advanced age, chronic lung or cardiovascular disease, immunosuppressive…
