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Brainstem neurons with descending projections to the spinal cord of two elasmobranch fishes: thornback guitarfish, Platyrhinoidis triseriata, and horn shark, Heterodontus francisci.

We studied two cartilaginous fishes and described their brainstem supraspinal projections because most nuclei in the reticular formation can be identified that way. A retrogradely transported tracer, horseradish peroxidase or Fluoro-Gold, was…

Immunohistochemical distribution of enkephalin, substance P, and somatostatin in the brainstem of the leopard frog, Rana pipiens.

The brainstems of frogs contain many of the neurochemicals that are found in mammals. However, the clustering of nuclei near the ventricles makes it difficult to distinguish individual cell groups. We addressed this problem by combining…

Tags: *Stilbamidines, 2001, Adli D S, Animals, Brain Stem/*chemistry/cytology, Cruce W L, Enkephalins/*analysis, Fluorescent Dyes, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Microscopy research and technique, Rana pipiens/*metabolism, Somatostatin/*analysis, Spinal Cord/chemistry/cytology, Stuesse S L, Substance P/*analysis

Distribution and origin of corticotropin-releasing factor-immunoreactive axons in the female rat lumbosacral spinal cord.

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is a neuropeptide traditionally known for its hormonal role in the hypothalamic/pituitary/adrenal stress axis. However, CRF has been reported in axons in sites that may be considered outside of the direct stress…

Cells in auditory cortex that project to the cochlear nucleus in guinea pigs.

Fluorescent retrograde tracers were used to identify the cells in auditory cortex that project directly to the cochlear nucleus (CN). Following injection of a tracer into the CN, cells were labeled bilaterally in primary auditory cortex and the…

Tags: 2006, Animals, Auditory Cortex/*cytology, Cochlear Nucleus/*cytology, Coomes Diana L, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Fluorescent Dyes, Guinea Pigs, Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO, NEOMED College of Medicine, Pyramidal Cells/*cytology, Schofield Brett R, Schofield Ryan M

Topographic organization of efferent projections of medial frontal cortex.

By using fluorescent retrograde tracers, we compared efferent projections of the medial frontal cortex to two subcortical areas: the superior colliculus, a somatic motor area, and the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus, a visceral motor area. Neurons…

Tags: 1993, Animals, Brain Mapping/*methods, Brain research bulletin, Efferent Pathways/physiology, Female, Fluorescent Dyes, Frontal Lobe/*physiology, Male, Microinjections, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Stuesse S L, Superior Colliculi/physiology, Tegmentum Mesencephali/physiology, Zeng D

Pathways from auditory cortex to the cochlear nucleus in guinea pigs.

The inferior colliculus (IC) and superior olivary complex (SOC) are important sources of descending pathways to the cochlear nucleus. The IC and SOC are also targets of direct projections from the auditory cortex but it is not known if cortical axons…

Projection to the inferior colliculus from the basal nucleus of the amygdala.

This report describes a projection from the amygdala, a forebrain center mediating emotional expression, to the inferior colliculus (IC), the midbrain integration center of the ascending auditory system. In the IC of mustached bats (Pteronotus…

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