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Text
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1093/icb/icaa048" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1093/icb/icaa048</a>
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Update Year & Number
July 2020 List
NEOMED College
NEOMED College of Medicine
NEOMED Department
Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Getting humans off monkeys' backs: Using primate acclimation as a guide for habitat management efforts.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Integrative and Comparative Biology
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020
2020-05
Subject
The topic of the resource
primates; acclimation; Alouatta; climate change; habitat management
Creator
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Thompson CL; Williams SH; Glander Kenneth E; Teaford MF; Vinyard CJ
Description
An account of the resource
Wild primates face grave conservation challenges, with habitat loss and climate change projected to cause mass extinctions in the coming decades. As large-bodied Neotropical primates, mantled howling monkeys (Alouatta palliata) are predicted to fare poorly under climate change, yet are also known for their resilience in a variety of environments, including highly disturbed habitats. We utilized ecophysiology research on this species to determine the morphological, physiological, and behavioral mechanisms howlers employ to overcome ecological challenges. Our data show that howlers at La Pacifica, Costa Rica are capable of modifying body size. Howlers displayed reduced mass in warmer, drier habitats, seasonal weight changes, frequent within-lifetime weight fluctuations, and gradual increases in body mass over the past four decades. These within-lifetime changes indicate a capacity to modify morphology in a way that can impact animals' energetics and thermodynamics. Howlers are also able to consume foods with a wide variety of food material properties by altering oral processing during feeding. While this capability suggests some capacity to cope with the phenological shifts expected from climate change and increased habitat fragmentation, data on rates of dental microwear warns that these acclimations may also cost dental longevity. Lastly, we found that howlers are able to acclimate to changing thermal pressures. On shorter-term daily scales, howlers use behavioral mechanisms to thermoregulate, including timing activities to avoid heat stress and utilizing cool microhabitats. At the seasonal scale, animals employ hormonal pathways to influence heat production. These lines of evidence cumulatively indicate that howlers possess morphological, physiological, and behavioral mechanisms to acclimate to environmental challenges. As such, howlers' plasticity may facilitate their resilience to climate change and habitat loss. While habitat loss in the tropics is unlikely to abate, our results point to a potential benefit of active management and selective cultivation to yield large, interconnected forest fragments with targeted phenology that provides both a complex physical structure and a diversity of food sources. These steps could assist howlers in using their natural acclimation potential to survive future conservation threats.
Identifier
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1093/icb/icaa048" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1093/icb/icaa048</a>
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journalArticle
2020
acclimation
Alouatta
climate change
Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology
Glander Kenneth E
habitat management
Integrative and comparative biology
journalArticle
July 2020 List
NEOMED College of Medicine
Primates
Teaford MF
Thompson CL
Vinyard CJ
Williams SH
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.22714" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.22714</a>
Issue
11
Volume
79
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Thyroid hormone fluctuations indicate a thermoregulatory function in both a tropical (Alouatta palliata) and seasonally cold-habitat (Macaca fuscata) primate.
Publisher
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American journal of primatology
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2017
2017-11
Subject
The topic of the resource
*energetics; *temperature; *thermal environment; *thermoregulation; *thyroid hormone; Alouatta/*physiology/urine; Animals; Basal Metabolism; Body Temperature Regulation/*physiology; Macaca/*physiology/urine; Seasons; Species Specificity; Temperature; Thyroid Hormones/*metabolism/urine
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Thompson Cynthia L; Powell Brianna L; Williams Susan H; Hanya Goro; Glander Kenneth E; Vinyard Christopher J
Description
An account of the resource
Thyroid hormones boost animals' basal metabolic rate and represent an important thermoregulatory pathway for mammals that face cold temperatures. Whereas the cold thermal pressures experienced by primates in seasonal habitats at high latitudes and elevations are often apparent, tropical habitats also display distinct wet and dry seasons with modest changes in thermal environment. We assessed seasonal and temperature-related changes in thyroid hormone levels for two primate species in disparate thermal environments, tropical mantled howlers (Alouatta palliata), and seasonally cold-habitat Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). We collected urine and feces from animals and used ELISA to quantify levels of the thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (fT3 ). For both species, fT3 levels were significantly higher during the cooler season (wet/winter), consistent with a thermoregulatory role. Likewise, both species displayed greater temperature deficits (i.e., the degree to which animals warm their body temperature relative to ambient) during the cooler season, indicating greater thermoregulatory pressures during this time. Independently of season, Japanese macaques displayed increasing fT3 levels with decreasing recently experienced maximum temperatures, but no relationship between fT3 and recently experienced minimum temperatures. Howlers increased fT3 levels as recently experienced minimum temperatures decreased, although demonstrated the opposite relationship with maximum temperatures. This may reflect natural thermal variation in howlers' habitat: wet seasons had cooler minimum and mean temperatures than the dry season, but similar maximum temperatures. Overall, our findings support the hypothesis that both tropical howlers and seasonally cold-habitat Japanese macaques utilize thyroid hormones as a mechanism to boost metabolism in response to thermoregulatory pressures. This implies that cool thermal pressures faced by tropical primates are sufficient to invoke an energetically costly and relatively longer-term thermoregulatory pathway. The well-established relationship between thyroid hormones and energetics suggests that the seasonal hormonal changes we observed could influence many commonly studied behaviors including food choice, range use, and activity patterns.
Identifier
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.22714" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajp.22714</a>
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Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
*energetics
*temperature
*thermal environment
*thermoregulation
*thyroid hormone
2017
Alouatta/*physiology/urine
American journal of primatology
Animals
Basal Metabolism
Body Temperature Regulation/*physiology
Glander Kenneth E
Hanya Goro
Macaca/*physiology/urine
Powell Brianna L
Seasons
Species Specificity
Temperature
Thompson Cynthia L
Thyroid Hormones/*metabolism/urine
Vinyard Christopher J
Williams Susan H
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.11.005" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.11.005</a>
Pages
49–57
Volume
63
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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An assessment of skin temperature gradients in a tropical primate using infrared thermography and subcutaneous implants.
Publisher
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Journal of thermal biology
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2017
2017-01
Subject
The topic of the resource
*Core-shell model; *Heat loss; *Howling monkey; *Skin Temperature; *Subcutaneous temperature; *Thermal windows; *Thermoregulation; *Tropical Climate; Acclimatization; Alouatta/*physiology; Animals; Infrared Rays; Thermography/instrumentation/*methods; Thermometers
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Thompson Cynthia L; Scheidel Caleb; Glander Kenneth E; Williams Susan H; Vinyard Christopher J
Description
An account of the resource
Infrared thermography has become a useful tool to assess surface temperatures of animals for thermoregulatory research. However, surface temperatures are an endpoint along the body's core-shell temperature gradient. Skin and fur are the peripheral tissues most exposed to ambient thermal conditions and are known to serve as thermosensors that initiate thermoregulatory responses. Yet relatively little is known about how surface temperatures of wild mammals measured by infrared thermography relate to subcutaneous temperatures. Moreover, this relationship may differ with the degree that fur covers the body. To assess the relationship between temperatures and temperature gradients in peripheral tissues between furred and bare areas, we collected data from wild mantled howling monkeys (Alouatta palliata) in Costa Rica. We used infrared thermography to measure surface temperatures of the furred dorsum and bare facial areas of the body, recorded concurrent subcutaneous temperatures in the dorsum, and measured ambient thermal conditions via a weather station. Temperature gradients through cutaneous tissues (subcutaneous-surface temperature) and surface temperature gradients (surface-ambient temperature) were calculated. Our results indicate that there are differences in temperatures and temperature gradients in furred versus bare areas of mantled howlers. Under natural thermal conditions experienced by wild animals, the bare facial areas were warmer than temperatures in the furred dorsum, and cutaneous temperature gradients in the face were more variable than the dorsum, consistent with these bare areas acting as thermal windows. Cutaneous temperature gradients in the dorsum were more closely linked to subcutaneous temperatures, while facial temperature gradients were more heavily influenced by ambient conditions. These findings indicate that despite the insulative properties of fur, for mantled howling monkeys surface temperatures of furred areas still demonstrate a relationship with subcutaneous temperatures. Given that most mammals possess dense fur, this provides insight for using infrared imaging in thermoregulatory studies of wild animals lacking bare skin.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.11.005" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.11.005</a>
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
*Core-shell model
*Heat loss
*Howling monkey
*Skin Temperature
*Subcutaneous temperature
*Thermal windows
*thermoregulation
*Tropical Climate
2017
Acclimatization
Alouatta/*physiology
Animals
Glander Kenneth E
Infrared Rays
Journal of thermal biology
Scheidel Caleb
Thermography/instrumentation/*methods
Thermometers
Thompson Cynthia L
Vinyard Christopher J
Williams Susan H
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ar.21512" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1002/ar.21512</a>
Pages
2140–2157
Issue
12
Volume
294
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Are we looking for loads in all the right places? New research directions for studying the masticatory apparatus of New World monkeys.
Publisher
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Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2011
2011-12
Subject
The topic of the resource
Animals; Biological Evolution; Eating/physiology; Feeding Behavior/*physiology; Jaw/anatomy & histology/physiology; Mandible/anatomy & histology/*physiology; Mastication/*physiology; Platyrrhini/anatomy & histology/*physiology
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Vinyard Christopher J; Taylor Andrea B; Teaford Mark F; Glander Kenneth E; Ravosa Matthew J; Rossie James B; Ryan Timothy M; Williams Susan H
Description
An account of the resource
New World monkeys display a wide range of masticatory apparatus morphologies related to their diverse diets and feeding strategies. While primatologists have completed many studies of the platyrrhine masticatory apparatus, particularly morphometric analyses, we collectively acknowledge key shortcomings in our understanding of the function and evolution of the platyrrhine feeding apparatus. Our goal in this contribution is to review several recent, and in most cases ongoing, efforts to address some of the deficits in our knowledge of how the platyrrhine skull is loaded during feeding. We specifically consider three broad research areas: (1) in vivo physiological studies documenting mandibular bone strains during feeding, (2) metric analyses assessing musculoskeletal functional morphology and performance, as well as (3) the initiation of a physiological ecology of feeding that measures in vivo masticatory mechanics in a natural environment. We draw several conclusions from these brief reviews. First, we need better documentation of in vivo strain patterns in the platyrrhine skull during feeding given their empirical role in developing adaptive hypotheses explaining masticatory apparatus form. Second, the greater accuracy of new technologies, such as CT scanning, will allow us to better describe the functional consequences of jaw form. Third, performance studies are generally lacking for platyrrhine jaws, muscles, and teeth and offer exciting avenues for linking form to feeding behavior and diet. Finally, attempts to bridge distinct research agendas, such as collecting in vivo physiological data during feeding in natural environments, present some of the greatest opportunities for novel insights into platyrrhine feeding biology.
Identifier
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ar.21512" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ar.21512</a>
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
2011
Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)
Animals
Biological Evolution
Eating/physiology
Feeding Behavior/*physiology
Glander Kenneth E
Jaw/anatomy & histology/physiology
Mandible/anatomy & histology/*physiology
Mastication/*physiology
Platyrrhini/anatomy & histology/*physiology
Ravosa Matthew J
Rossie James B
Ryan Timothy M
Taylor Andrea B
Teaford Mark F
Vinyard Christopher J
Williams Susan H