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Text
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URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.0052" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.0052</a>
Pages
20210052
Issue
1946
Volume
288
ISSN
1471-2954 0962-8452
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Update Year & Number
April 2021 List
NEOMED College
NEOMED College of Medicine
NEOMED Department
NEOMED Postdoc Publications
Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology
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Title
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The contractile patterns, anatomy and physiology of the hyoid musculature change longitudinally through infancy.
Publisher
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Proceedings of the Royal Society B. Biological Sciences
Date
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2021
2021-03-10
Subject
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ontogeny; mammal; feeding; swallowing; ANATOMY; EMG; DEGLUTITION; PHYSIOLOGY; HYOID bone; INFANTS; MAMMAL anatomy; MOTOR unit
Creator
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Mayerl CJ; Steer KE; Chava AM; Bond LE; Edmonds CE; Gould FDH; Stricklen BM; Hieronymous TL; German RZ
Description
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All mammalian infants suckle, a fundamentally different process than drinking in adults. Infant mammal oropharyngeal anatomy is also anteroposteriorly compressed and becomes more elongate postnatally. While suckling and drinking require different patterns of muscle use and kinematics, little insight exists into how the neuromotor and anatomical systems change through the time that infants suckle. We measured the orientation, activity and contractile patterns of five muscles active during infant feeding from early infancy until weaning using a pig model. Muscles not aligned with the long axis of the body became less mediolaterally orientated with age. However, the timing of activation and the contractile patterns of those muscles exhibited little change, although variation was larger in younger infants than older infants. At both ages, there were differences in contractile patterns within muscles active during both sucking and swallowing, as well as variation among muscles during swallowing. The changes in anatomy, coupled with less variation closer to weaning and little change in muscle firing and shortening patterns suggest that the neuromotor system may be optimized to transition to solid foods. The lesser consequences of aspiration during feeding on an all-liquid diet may not necessitate the evolution of variation in neuromotor function through infancy.
Identifier
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.0052" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1098/rspb.2021.0052</a>
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journalArticle
2021
anatomy
April 2021 List
Bond LE
Chava AM
Deglutition
Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology
Edmonds CE
emg
Feeding
German RZ
Gould FDH
Hieronymous TL
HYOID bone
Infants
journalArticle
mammal
MAMMAL anatomy
Mayerl CJ
MOTOR unit
NEOMED College of Medicine
NEOMED Postdoc Publications
ontogeny
Physiology
Proceedings of the Royal Society B. Biological Sciences
Steer KE
Stricklen BM
swallowing