What is the draw? Assessing a risk model and conventional exploration model of e-cigarette use.
Adult; Risk Assessment; Human; Chi Square Test; Colleges and Universities; Descriptive Statistics; Scales; Data Analysis Software; Post Hoc Analysis; Surveys; Student Attitudes; Adolescence; One-Way Analysis of Variance; Logistic Regression; Sensation; Models; Theoretical; Attitude to Risk; Bivariate Statistics; Electronic Cigarettes; Pleasure; Preventive Health Care; Public Policy; Replication Studies; Risk Taking Behavior; Electronic Cigarettes – Utilization
Background/Objective: The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) among young adults has been increasing, leading to concern due to unknown health effects. The purpose of the current study is to replicate and expand research on two contrasting models of e-cigarette use: risk model and conventional exploration model. Methods: An anonymous online survey was distributed at a midwestern university in fall 2015. There were 3,626 respondents, aged between 18 and 25, who answered the study's measures: sensation seeking, risk perception, public use attitudes, and policy views. Results: Respondents were categorized into mutually exclusive groups: nonuser (58.8%), e-cigarette only user (24.2%), cigarette only user (2.7%), and dual user (13.2%). Lending support to the risk model, higher disinhibition and endorsing e-cigarette use in public was associated with lower odds of being nonusers compared to e-cigarette only users. Support for the conventional model was found with higher perceived likelihood of getting heart disease, a risk of harm, and a risk of addiction due to e-cigarette use being associated with higher odds of being nonusers compared to e-cigarette only users. Conclusions: Results provide some support for both models. Findings can be used to inform prevention and intervention programs and services.
Laurene Kimberly R; Kodukula Geethika; Fischbein Rebecca; Kenne Deric R
Journal of Substance Use
2019
2019-03
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1080/14659891.2018.1535004" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1080/14659891.2018.1535004</a>
Pregnant or recently pregnant opioid users: contraception decisions, perceptions and preferences.
Contraception; Opioid Drug Use; Pregnancy
Background: Multiple factors are linked to extremely high unintended pregnancy rates among women who use opioids, including various barriers to contraception adherence. These include patient level barriers such as lack of knowledge and education about highly effective contraception, and potential provider barriers. Using a mixed-methods framework to examine the contraception-related perceptions and preferences of opioid using women is a necessary next step to understanding this phenomenon. Methods: A mixed-method study was conducted which included both self-report questionnaires along with a semi-structured qualitative interview of opioid-using pregnant or recently pregnant women in two drug treatment facilities in Ohio. Results: Forty-two women completed the study. The majority of recent (75%) and total pregnancies were unintended. Male condoms were reported as the highest form of lifetime contraception used within the present sample (69%). Participants reported low lifetime use of long acting reversible contraception (LARC) (ranging from 5 to 12%). Participants preferred hormonal injections first (40%), followed by IUDs (17%). Reasons for preferences of injections and LARC were similar: not needing to remember, side effects, and long-term effectiveness. Conclusions: Most of the study population participants stated they would utilize contraception, particularly Tier 1 LARC methods, if freely available; however, high rates of unintended pregnancy were observed in this sample. This indicates the need for contraception education, and addressing the procedural, logistical and economic barriers that may be preventing the use of LARC among this population.
Fischbein Rebecca L; Lanese Bethany G; Falletta Lynn; Hamilton Kelsey; King Jennifer A; Kenne Deric R
Contraception and reproductive medicine
2018
2018
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1186/s40834-018-0056-y" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1186/s40834-018-0056-y</a>
The Use of Substances Other Than Nicotine in Electronic Cigarettes Among College Students.
College – United States; college students; Cross Sectional Studies; Electronic cigarettes; Electronic Cigarettes; Human; Logistic Regression; Medical Marijuana; Nicotine; other substance use; Public Health; smoking; Street Drugs; Students; Substance Abuse; Surveys; Undergraduate; United States; vaping; young adults
INTRODUCTION: Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have grown in popularity, especially among youth and young adults. Although e-cigarettes were originally intended to vaporize a liquid mixture containing nicotine, there appears to be an increasing trend in other substance use in e-cigarettes (OSUE). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional data from 1542 undergraduate college student e-cigarette users from a large Midwestern university were collected via online survey to assess prevalence of e-cigarette use, reasons for use, perceived harm, and prevalence and predictors of OSUE. RESULTS: Nearly 7% (6.94%) reported using an e-cigarette to vaporize and inhale a substance other than nicotine. Current tobacco cigarette smokers were significantly more likely to report OSUE (51.0%) as compared with never (33.7%) and former (15.4%) smokers. Among respondents reporting OSUE, the primary reason for e-cigarette use was "safer than cigarettes" (21.7%), followed by "experimentation" (18.9%) and "friends use" (17.0%). Most (77.9%) reported using cannabis or some derivative of cannabis in an e-cigarette. Binomial logistic regression found that women were less likely to report OSUE by a factor of 0.60, former tobacco cigarette smokers as compared with never smokers were more likely to report OSUE by a factor of 1.87, and e-cigarette users who reported using e-cigarettes for "cool or trendy" reasons were more likely to report OSUE by a factor of 2.89. DISCUSSION: Little is known regarding the health effects of cannabis and cannabis derivatives delivered through e-cigarettes. Concern may also be warranted regarding the potential dangers of this young population using substances more dangerous than cannabis in e-cigarettes. Knowledge is limited regarding the public health impact of vaping cannabis or other illicit substances among college student populations. This study stresses the need for continued research regarding the vaping of cannabis and other illicit substances among college students.
Kenne Deric R; Fischbein Rebecca L; Tan Andy Sl; Banks Mark
Substance abuse : research and treatment
2017
1905-07
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1177/1178221817733736" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1177/1178221817733736</a>
Nonmedical use of prescription drugs during sexual activity as a predictor of condom use among a sample of college students.
College; nonmedical use of prescription drugs; sexual risk behavior
OBJECTIVE: To examine the impact of nonmedical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD) during sexual activity on the frequency of condom use among a sample of college students. PARTICIPANTS: Students attending a large Midwestern University (N = 4284) during April 2015. METHODS: Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of survey data using logistic regression. RESULTS: Respondents and/or their sexual partners who engaged in NMUPD during sexual activity were significantly less likely to use condoms during 75% or more of past 12-month sexual encounters compared to respondents who had not engaged in lifetime and past 12-month NMUPD. Although not statistically significant, trends suggest that respondents who engaged in NMUPD during sexual activity may be less likely to use condoms than those who engaged in lifetime or past 12-month NMUPD but not during sexual activity. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest a need for specific strategies for reducing risk behaviors related to prescription drugs and sexual activity.
Hamilton Kelsey M; Falletta Lynn; Fischbein Rebecca; Kenne Deric R
Journal of American college health : J of ACH
2018
2018-07
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2018.1486843" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1080/07448481.2018.1486843</a>