The characterization of three types of partially processed mRNA and two pseudogenes for human liver cytochrome b5.
Humans; Amino Acid Sequence; Base Sequence; Molecular Sequence Data; Liver/*physiology; DNA/genetics; Cytochrome b Group/*genetics; Cytochromes b5; Pseudogenes; Cloning; Molecular; Post-Transcriptional; RNA Processing
We have isolated cDNA clones corresponding to partially processed human liver cytochrome b5 mRNAs. All the clones contained poly(A) sequences, and one clone had a shorter 3' non-translated sequence, indicating the use of an alternative poly(A) addition signal. In addition, all the clones contained the coding information for amino acids 87-134; however, there were two types of intron junction adjacent to the coding sequence. Detailed analysis of the Type I clones showed that the Type II intron sequence was contained within the Type I sequence, but approximately 1000 bp 5' of the Type I intron-exon junction showed alternative splicing within this intron. In addition, we have isolated two pseudogenes which lack introns, suggesting the retroviral insertion of human liver cytochrome b5 mRNA sequences into the human genome.
Yoo M; Steggles A W
Biochemical and biophysical research communications
1989
1989-08
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/0006-291x(89)92092-5" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/0006-291x(89)92092-5</a>
Bile acid regulation of hepatic physiology: III. Bile acids and nuclear receptors.
Animals; Bile Acids and Salts/biosynthesis/genetics/*physiology; Bile/*physiology; Cardiovascular Diseases/genetics/physiopathology; Cholesterol/physiology; Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/*physiology; Feedback/physiology; Gene Expression Regulation/physiology; Humans; Liver Diseases/genetics/physiopathology; Liver/*physiology; Receptors
Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Recent studies reveal that bile acids also are signaling molecules that activate several nuclear receptors and regulate many physiological pathways and processes to maintain bile acid and cholesterol homeostasis. Mutations of the principal regulatory genes in bile acid biosynthetic pathways have recently been identified in human patients with hepatobiliary and cardiovascular diseases. Genetic manipulation of key regulatory genes and bile acid receptor genes in mice have been obtained. These advances have greatly improved our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying complex liver physiology but also raise many questions and controversies to be resolved. These developments will lead to early diagnosis and discovery of drugs for treatment of liver and cardiovascular diseases.
Chiang John Y L
American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology
2003
2003-03
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00417.2002" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1152/ajpgi.00417.2002</a>