Hominid Tarsal, Metatarsal, And Phalangeal Bones Recovered From The Hadar Formation - 1974-1977 Collections
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Latimer B M; Lovejoy C O; Johanson D C; Coppens Y
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1982
1982
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330570412" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajpa.1330570412</a>
Talocrural Joint In African Hominoids - Implications For Australopithecus-afarensis
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Latimer B; Ohman J C; Lovejoy C O
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1987
1987-10
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330740204" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajpa.1330740204</a>
Metatarsophalangeal Joints Of Australopithecus-afarensis
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Latimer B; Lovejoy C O
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1990
1990-09
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330830103" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajpa.1330830103</a>
Hallucal Tarsometatarsal Joint In Australopithecus-afarensis
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Latimer B; Lovejoy C O
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1990
1990-06
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330820202" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajpa.1330820202</a>
The Calcaneus Of Australopithecus-afarensis And Its Implications For The Evolution Of Bipedality
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Latimer B; Lovejoy C O
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1989
1989-03
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330780306" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajpa.1330780306</a>
Comparative Analysis Of Mammalian Proximal Femoral Development
Zoology
Kriz M A; Reno P L; McCollum M A; Horton W E; Lovejoy C O
American Zoologist
2001
2001-12
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
n/a
Morphology Of The Pliocene Partial Hominid Skeleton (al 288-1) From The Hadar Formation, Ethiopia
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Johanson D C; Lovejoy C O; Kimbel W H; White T D; Ward S C; Bush M E; Latimer B M; Coppens Y
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1982
1982
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330570403" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajpa.1330570403</a>
Long Bone-growth Velocity In A Late Woodland Skeletal Population
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Harrison M L; Lovejoy C O
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1979
1979
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
n/a
Chronological Metamorphosis Of The Auricular Surface Of The Ilium - A New Method For The Determination Of Adult Skeletal Age At Death
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Lovejoy C O; Meindl R S; Pryzbeck T R; Mensforth R P
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1985
1985
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330680103" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajpa.1330680103</a>
Paleodemography Of Libben Site, Ottawa County, Ohio
Science & Technology - Other Topics
Lovejoy C O; Meindl R S; Pryzbeck T R; Barton T S; Heiple K G; Kotting D
Science
1977
1977
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1126/science.198.4314.291" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1126/science.198.4314.291</a>
Multifactorial Determination Of Skeletal Age At Death - A Method And Blind Tests Of Its Accuracy
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Lovejoy C O; Meindl R S; Mensforth R P; Barton T J
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1985
1985
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330680102" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajpa.1330680102</a>
Hominid Upper Limb Bones Recovered From The Hadar Formation - 1974-1977 Collections
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Lovejoy C O; Johanson D C; Coppens Y
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1982
1982
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330570409" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajpa.1330570409</a>
Hominid Lower-limb Bones Recovered From The Hadar Formation - 1974-1977 Collections
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Lovejoy C O; Johanson D C; Coppens Y
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1982
1982
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330570411" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajpa.1330570411</a>
Elements Of The Axial Skeleton Recovered From The Hadar Formation - 1974-1977 Collections
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Lovejoy C O; Johanson D C; Coppens Y
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1982
1982
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330570408" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajpa.1330570408</a>
The Analysis Of Fractures In Skeletal Populations With An Example From The Libben Site, Ottowa-county, Ohio
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Lovejoy C O; Heiple K G
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1981
1981
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330550414" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajpa.1330550414</a>
Reconstruction Of The Pelvis Of Al-288 (hadar Formation, Ethiopia)
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Lovejoy C O
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1979
1979
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
n/a
The Origin Of Man
Science & Technology - Other Topics
Lovejoy C O
Science
1981
1981
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1126/science.211.4480.341" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1126/science.211.4480.341</a>
The Obstetric Pelvis Of Al-288-1 (lucy)
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Lovejoy C O
Journal of Human Evolution
1986
1986-05
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/s0047-2484(86)80052-5" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/s0047-2484(86)80052-5</a>
Hominid Origins - The Role Of Bipedalism
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Lovejoy C O
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1980
1980
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
n/a
Evolution Of Human Walking
Science & Technology - Other Topics
Lovejoy C O
Scientific American
1988
1988-11
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican1188-118" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1038/scientificamerican1188-118</a>
Dental Wear In The Libben Population - Its Functional Pattern And Role In The Determination Of Adult Skeletal Age At Death
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Lovejoy C O
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1985
1985
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330680105" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajpa.1330680105</a>
ANATOMICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL, AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF THE AGING PROCESS - A CONFIRMATION OF MULTIFACTORIAL AGE-DETERMINATION IN THE LIBBEN SKELETAL POPULATION
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Mensforth R P; Lovejoy C O
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1985
1985
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330680109" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajpa.1330680109</a>
ANATOMICAL, PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC CORRELATES OF THE AGING PROCESS - A CONFIRMATION OF MULTIFACTORIAL AGE-DETERMINATION IN THE LIBBEN SKELETAL POPULATION
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Mensforth R P; Lovejoy C O
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1980
1980
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
n/a
A REVISED METHOD OF AGE-DETERMINATION USING THE OS PUBIS, WITH A REVIEW AND TESTS OF ACCURACY OF OTHER CURRENT METHODS OF PUBIC SYMPHYSEAL AGING
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Meindl R S; Lovejoy C O; Mensforth R P; Walker R A
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1985
1985
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330680104" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajpa.1330680104</a>
ACCURACY AND DIRECTION OF ERROR IN THE SEXING OF THE SKELETON - IMPLICATIONS FOR PALEODEMOGRAPHY
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Meindl R S; Lovejoy C O; Mensforth R P; Carlos L D
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1985
1985
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330680108" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajpa.1330680108</a>
ECTOCRANIAL SUTURE CLOSURE - A REVISED METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF SKELETAL AGE AT DEATH BASED ON THE LATERAL-ANTERIOR SUTURES
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Meindl R S; Lovejoy C O
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1985
1985
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330680106" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajpa.1330680106</a>
Of muscle-bound crania and human brain evolution: The story behind the MYH16 headlines
human; Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology; extraocular-muscles; encephalization; myosin heavy-chain; australopithecus-boisei; calvarial growth; fiber-type composition; homo-sapiens; jaw-closing muscles; masticatory myosin; molecular evolution; muscle fiber plasticity; part 1; superfast myosin
McCollum M A; Sherwood C C; Vinyard C J; Lovejoy C O; Schachat F
Journal of Human Evolution
2006
2006-02
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2005.10.003" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.jhevol.2005.10.003</a>
HOMINID CARPAL, METACARPAL, AND PHALANGEAL BONES RECOVERED FROM THE HADAR FORMATION - 1974-1977 COLLECTIONS
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Bush M E; Lovejoy C O; Johanson D C; Coppens Y
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1982
1982
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330570410" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajpa.1330570410</a>
Effects of temperature on skeletal growth in mice
Anatomy & Morphology
Serrat M A; King D; Lovejoy C O
Journal of Morphology
2007
2007-12
Journal Article
n/a
Differences in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Fiber Orientation Between Digitigrade and Palmigrade Animals
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other; Topics
Ruth A A; Hieironymus T; Lovejoy C O
Faseb Journal
2016
2016-04
Journal Article
n/a
Comparative analysis of murine metatarsal ossification and implications for differential skeletal growth in primates
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Reno P L; McBurney D L; Lovejoy C O; Horton W E
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
2005
2005
Journal Article
n/a
RADIOGRAPHIC CHANGES IN THE CLAVICLE AND PROXIMAL FEMUR AND THEIR USE IN THE DETERMINATION OF SKELETAL AGE AT DEATH
Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
Walker R A; Lovejoy C O
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1985
1985
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330680107" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajpa.1330680107</a>
AL 288-1 - Lucy or Lucifer: Gender confusion in the Pliocene
1974-1977; al-288-1; Anthropology; australopithecine; australopithecus-afarensis; body size; collections; dimensions; dimorphism; ethiopia; Evolutionary Biology; hadar formation; Lucy; obstetrics; pelvic size; pelvis; primates; reconstruction; sexual
Hausler & Schmid (1995) challenged the long held opinion that AL 288-1 (Australopithecus afarensis), popularly known as "Lucy," was female. They concluded that AL 288-1 was most probably male ("Lucifer") and, by extension, the hypodigm for A. afarensis consists of two species which differ from one another in body size; in their opinion, AL 288-1 was most probably a male of the smaller of the two species. Hausler & Schmid based their conclusion on an obstetric analysis of AL 288-1 and Sts 14 (A. africanus) and on a comparison of the two australopithecine pelves with those of modern humans. This study evaluates the pelvic anatomy and probable sex of AL 288-1 by both assessing the obstetric adequacy of its pelvis and critically reviewing Hausler & Schmid's (1995, 1997) analyses of australopithecine pelvic dimorphism and relative body size of AL 288-1. Three results are shown. First, using Hausler & Schmid's own data, AL 288-1's and Sts 14's pelves are seen not to be dimorphic with respect to each other, as are human males and females, but they are in fact comparable in both size and shape. Second, AL 288-1's pelvis would have been obstetrically adequate, even with an inferred newborn brain size (as suggested by Hausler & Schmid) for A. afarensis that is likely overestimated. Third, AL 288-1 is shown to be one of the smallest adult individuals in A. afarensis. We conclude that AL 288-1 and Sts 14 were the same sex, and that the name "Lucy" correctly identifies AL 288-1's gender as female. (C) 1998 Academic Press.
Tague R G; Lovejoy C O
Journal of Human Evolution
1998
1998-07
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1006/jhev.1998.0223" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1006/jhev.1998.0223</a>
Temperature regulates limb length in homeotherms by directly modulating cartilage growth
Allen's Rule; blood-flow; body size; bone; bone growth; bone tissue culture; cartilage biology; differentiation; endoplasmic-reticulum stress; environmental-temperature; fluorescent microsphere method; mouse; plate; proliferation; Science & Technology - Other Topics; tail-length; thermoregulation
Allen's Rule documents a century-old biological observation that strong positive correlations exist among latitude, ambient temperature, and limb length in mammals. Although genetic selection for thermoregulatory adaptation is frequently presumed to be the primary basis of this phenomenon, important but frequently overlooked research has shown that appendage outgrowth is also markedly influenced by environmental temperature. Alteration of limb blood flow via vasoconstriction/vasodilation is the current default hypothesis for this growth plasticity, but here we show that tissue perfusion does not fully account for differences in extremity elongation in mice. We show that peripheral tissue temperature closely reflects housing temperature in vivo, and we demonstrate that chondrocyte proliferation and extracellular matrix volume strongly correlate with tissue temperature in metatarsals cultured without vasculature in vitro. Taken together, these data suggest that vasomotor changes likely modulate extremity growth indirectly, via their effects on appendage temperature, rather than vascular nutrient delivery. When combined with classic evolutionary theory, especially genetic assimilation, these results provide a potentially comprehensive explanation of Allen's Rule, and may substantially impact our understanding of phenotypic variation in living and extinct mammals, including humans.
Serrat M A; King D; Lovejoy C O
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
2008
2008-12
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0803319105" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1073/pnas.0803319105</a>
Ossification of the mouse metatarsal: Differentiation and proliferation in the presence/absence of a defined growth plate
Anatomy & Morphology; bone growth; cartilage fixation; cell-proliferation; chick limb buds; chondrocyte; chondrocyte proliferation; differential growth; endochondral ossification; epiphysis; evolution; hedgehog; hypertrophic differentiation; matrix proteoglycans; rat; skeletal formation
There is significant diversity in growth plate behavior among sites within an individual skeleton and between skeletons of different species. This variation within wild-type animals is an underutilized resource for studying skeletal development. One bone that potentially exhibits the most diverse behavior is the metatarsal. While one end forms a growth plate with an epiphyseal secondary center of ossification as in other long bones, the opposite end undergoes direct ossification in a manner more similar to short bones. Although descriptions of human metatarsal/metacarpal ossification are available, a detailed comparative analysis has yet to be conducted in an animal model amenable to biomolecular analysis. Here we report an analysis of proximal and distal ossification in an age series of mouse metatarsals. Safranin 0 staining was used for qualitative and quantitative histology, and chondrocyte differentiation and proliferation were analyzed using immunohistochemistry for type X collagen and proliferative cell nuclear antigen expression. We establish that, as in the human, both growth plate formation and direct ossification occur in the mouse metatarsal, with chondrocyte populations showing distinct differentiation patterns at opposite ends of the bone. In addition, growth plate formation is characterized by a peak of proliferation in reserve zone chondrocytes that distinguishes it from both established growth plates and direct ossification. Our analysis demonstrates that the mouse metatarsal is a productive model for investigating natural variation in ossification that can further understanding of vertebrate skeletal development and evolution. (C) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Reno P L; McBurney D L; Lovejoy C O; Horton W E
Anatomical Record Part a-Discoveries in Molecular Cellular and Evolutionary Biology
2006
2006-01
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ar.a.20268" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ar.a.20268</a>
Metapodial or Phalanx? An Evolutionary and Developmental Perspective on the Homology of the First Ray's Proximal Segment
appendicular skeleton; Developmental Biology; digit development; Evolutionary Biology; formation; gene regulation; growth-plate; joint; limb bud; mammals; postnatal skeletal ontogeny; sonic-hedgehog; triphalangeal thumb; Zoology
The first mammalian metapodial (MP1) has periodically been argued to actually be a phalanx, because the first ray has one less element than the four posterior rays, and because the MP1 growth plate is proximal like those of all phalanges, rather than distal as in metapodials 2-5. However, growth plates are formed at both ends in non-therian tetrapod metapodials, and phylogenetic analysis demonstrates that growth plate loss is a therian synapomorphy that postdates the establishment of the mammalian phalangeal formula. These data, along with results of developmental and morphological studies, suggest that the MP1 is not a phalanx. The singular, proximal growth plates in MPs 2-5 are likely to be an adaptation to dynamic erect quadrupedal gait which was characterized by conversion of the posterior metapodials into rigid struts with the carpus/tarsus. While the adaptive significance of the reversed ossification of MP1 is less clear, we present three functional/developmental hypotheses. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 320B:276-285, 2013. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reno P L; Horton W E; Lovejoy C O
Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B-Molecular and Developmental Evolution
2013
2013-07
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/jez.b.22506" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/jez.b.22506</a>
Growth plate formation and development in alligator and mouse metapodials: Evolutionary and functional implications
bone-development; bones; chondrocyte differentiation; Developmental Biology; Evolutionary Biology; indian-hedgehog; joint formation; long; morphogenesis; ossification; porpoise phocoena-phocoena; proliferation; skeleton formation; Zoology
Mammalian metapodials (metacarpals and metatarsals), unlike most long bones, form a single growth plate, and undergo longitudinal growth at only one end. The growth dynamics of non-mammalian tetrapod metapodials have not been systematically examined in order to determine if unidirectional growth is unique to mammals. Here we compare murine metapodial ossification in growth stages that parallel those of embryonic, juvenile and subadult American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis). Safranin O staining was used for qualitative histology, and chondrocyte differentiation and proliferation were assessed via immunohistochemistry for type X collagen and proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). We establish that growth plates form at both ends-of alligator metapodials and are maintained in the subadult. PCNA results show that alligators and mice share common patterns of chondrocyte proliferation during growth plate formation. In addition, while alligators and mice differ initially in the degree of organization and pace of chondrocyte differentiation, these parameters are largely similar in established growth plates. However, the replacement of cartilage by bone is highly irregular throughout growth in the alligator, in contrast to the more uniform process in the mouse. These results indicate that while alligators and mammals share common mechanisms of chondrocyte regulation, they differ substantially in their processes of ossification. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the direct ossification of one epiphysis and reliance on a single growth plate is a derived character (synapomorphy) in therian mammals and likely indicates an adaptation for erect quadrupedal gait.
Reno P L; Horton W E; Elsey R M; Lovejoy C O
Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B-Molecular and Developmental Evolution
2007
2007-05
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/jez.b.21148" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/jez.b.21148</a>
Comparative development of mammalian and alligator metapodial growth plate formation
Developmental Biology
Reno P L; Lovejoy C O; Elsey R M; Horton W E
Developmental Biology
2006
2006-07
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.04.276" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.04.276</a>