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Text
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URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.yfrne.2009.04.014" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1016/j.yfrne.2009.04.014</a>
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Pages
142-157
Issue
2
Volume
30
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Title
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Neuroprotective actions of sex steroids in Parkinson's disease
Publisher
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Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology
Date
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2009
2009-07
Subject
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parkinsons-disease; Neuroprotection; MPTP; Akt; Neurosciences & Neurology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; estrogen-receptor-alpha; rat cortical-neurons; methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity; activated protein-kinase; mptp-induced neurotoxicity; glycogen-synthase kinase-3-beta; Androgens; estrogen; induced cell-death; MAPK/ERK; Methamphetamine; nigrostriatal dopaminergic system; Progesterone; regulates bcl-2 expression; Sex difference; vesicular monoamine transporter
Creator
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Bourque M; Dluzen D E; Di Paolo T
Description
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The sex difference in Parkinson's disease, with a higher susceptibility in men, suggests a modulatory effect of sex steroids in the brain. Numerous studies highlight that sex steroids have neuroprotective properties against various brain injuries. This paper reviews the protective effects of sex hormones, particularly estradiol, progesterone and androgens, in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) animal model of Parkinson's disease as compared to methamphetamine toxicity. The molecular mechanisms underlying beneficial actions of sex steroids on the brain have been investigated showing steroid, dose, timing and duration specificities and presently focus is on the dopamine signaling pathways, the next frontier. Both genomic and non-genomic actions of estrogen converge to promote survival factors and show sex differences. Neuroprotection by estrogen involves activation of signaling molecules such as the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt and the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Interaction with growth factors, such as insulin-like growth factor 1, also contributes to protective actions of estrogen. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Identifier
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.yfrne.2009.04.014" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.yfrne.2009.04.014</a>
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Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
2009
activated protein-kinase
Akt
androgens
Bourque M
Di Paolo T
Dluzen D E
Endocrinology & Metabolism
estrogen
estrogen-receptor-alpha
Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology
glycogen-synthase kinase-3-beta
induced cell-death
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
MAPK/ERK
Methamphetamine
methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity
MPTP
mptp-induced neurotoxicity
Neuroprotection
Neurosciences & Neurology
nigrostriatal dopaminergic system
parkinsons-disease
progesterone
rat cortical-neurons
regulates bcl-2 expression
Sex difference
Vesicular monoamine transporter