Browse Items (97 total)

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: The opioid epidemic has increased scrutiny of health-care practices and care episodes, such as surgery, that increase the risk of opioid dependence. The Stopping Opioids after Surgery (SOS) score to predict sustained prescription…

Susac syndrome is a rare, immune-mediated disease characterized by encephalopathy, branch retinal artery occlusion, and hearing loss. Herein, we describe the electron microscopic findings of three brain biopsies and two brain autopsies performed on…

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat worldwide, with deaths associated with AMR infections projected to exceed 10 million per year by the year 2050. The overuse and misuse of antibiotics is the primary driver of this…

BACKGROUND: Low hospital volume for emergency general surgery (EGS) procedures is associated with worse patient outcomes within the civilian health care system. The military maintains treatment facilities (MTFs) in remote locations to provide access…

BACKGROUND: People with cognitive impairment experience high rates of polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medication use. How clinicians communicate about medications may affect to what extent patients and family companions understand and…

Rate constant estimation with heavy water requires a long-term experiment with data collection at multiple time points (3-4 weeks for mitochondrial proteome dynamics in mice and much longer in other species). When tissue proteins are analyzed, this…

The multimodal lateral cortex of the inferior colliculus (LCIC) exhibits a modular-extramodular micro-organization that is evident early in development. In addition to a set of neurochemical markers that reliably highlight its modular-extramodular…

INTRODUCTION: Topical atropine eye drops at low concentrations have been shown to slow myopia progression in East Asian studies. This study explored the effect of atropine 0.01% eye drops on controlling myopia progression in a multiethnic cohort of…

The pineal gland is a naturally calcifying endocrine organ which secretes the sleep-promoting hormone melatonin. Age-related changes of the pineal have been observed, including decreased pinealocyte numbers, increased calcification, and a reduction…

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics and risk factors of a novel parenchymal lung disease (LD), increasingly detected in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA). METHODS: In a multicentre retrospective study, 61 cases were investigated…

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BACKGROUND CONTEXT: There are several prognostic scores available that intend to inform decision making for patients with spinal metastases. Many of these have not been found to reliably predict survival across the continuum of care. Recently, our…

OBJECTIVES: To describe patient-specific characteristics associated with non-operative failure leading to surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of patients treated for spinal metastases from 2005 to 2017. We deemed…

Current surgical options for treating genu varum in achondroplasia include tibial and fibular osteotomy and growth modulation using plates and screws. However, a single surgeon consistently treated genu varum using a planned fibular nonunion (PFN).…

Breast elastography has been available for more than 15 years but is not widely incorporated into clinical practice. Many publications report extremely high accuracy for various breast elastographic techniques. However, results in the literature are…

The ability of retroviruses (RVs) to cause neurodegeneration is critically dependent upon two activities of the envelope protein (Env). First, Env facilitates viral genome delivery to CNS target cells through receptor binding and membrane fusion.…

Food texture preference and product acceptance are hypothesized to be influenced by mouth behavior. Recent work identified four mouth behavior (MB) groups that describe most consumers in the United States: Chewers, Crunchers, Smooshers, and Suckers.…

BACKGROUND: Target-homing drug delivery systems are now gaining significant traction for use as novel therapeutic approaches in antitumor targeting for cancer therapy. Numerous targeted drug delivery systems have been designed to improve the…

Inflammation is a complex physiological process that poses a serious threat to people's health. However, the potential molecular mechanisms of inflammation are still not clear. Moreover, there is lack of effective anti-inflammatory drugs that meet…

OBJECTIVE: As one of the most popular social media used around the world, YouTube may be able to serve as a new medium for mental health education. This study aims to analyze and compare the performance of YouTube in disseminating dementia education…

A therapeutic strategy that can combat the multifaceted nature of neuroinflammation pathology was investigated. Thus, we fabricated PEG-PdLLA polymersomes and evaluated the efficacy in co-delivery of simvastatin (Sim, as a repurposed…

BACKGROUND: The formation of a bolus of food is critical for proper feeding function, and there is substantial variation in the size and shape of a bolus prior to a swallow. Preterm infants exhibit decreased abilities to acquire and process food, but…

STUDY OBJECTIVE: Older adults with syncope are commonly treated in the emergency department (ED). We seek to derive a novel risk-stratification tool to predict 30-day serious cardiac outcomes. METHODS: We performed a prospective, observational study…

Psychotic disorders are not uncommon in late life. These disorders often have varied etiologies, different clinical presentations, and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality among the older adult population. Psychotic disorders in…

Aberrant liver sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a mammalian NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase, is implicated in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease. However, the role of intestinal SIRT1 in alcoholic liver disease is presently unknown. This study…

Macrophages play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, but the molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we show that microRNA-34a (miR-34a) is a key regulator of macrophage cholesterol efflux and reverse cholesterol…

Context: Kratom, or Mitragyna speciosa, is a plant indigenous to Southeast Asia that has gained national attention in the United States for its increased use in the self-management of opioid withdrawal and pain, as well as for concerns about its…

Objectives: Primate diagonal sequence (DS) gaits are often argued to be an adaptation for moving and foraging in the fine‐branch niche; however, existing data have come predominantly from laboratory studies that are limited in taxonomic breadth and…

Pruritus is a common presenting diagnosis associated with a myriad of localized and systemic conditions. Due to many underlying causes, it can be challenging for the provider to assess. Symptoms often persist, causing frustration for the patient and…

The article aims to increase awareness of and dialogue about the achievable benefits and existing challenges of health care organizations' engagement in community development as to continue national efforts which aimed at achieving social, economic,…

Purpose: Medical student specialty choices have significant downstream effects on the availability of physicians and, ultimately, the effectiveness of health systems. This study investigated how medical student specialty preferences change over time…

The number of refugees and asylum seekers throughout the world continues to increase, leading to increasing challenges in meeting healthcare needs of these individuals. Women's antenatal health is of particular concern due to their vulnerability to…

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