Segmentation and linear measurement for body composition analysis using slice-o-matic and horos.
Body composition is associated with risk of disease progression and treatment complications in a variety of conditions. Therefore, quantification of skeletal muscle mass and adipose tissues on Computed Tomography (CT) and/or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) may inform surgery risk evaluation and disease prognosis. This article describes two quantification methods originally described by Mourtzakis et al. and Avrutin et al.: tissue segmentation and linear measurement of skeletal muscle. Patients' cross-sectional image at the midpoint of the third lumbar vertebra was obtained for both measurements. For segmentation, the images were imported into Slice-O-Matic and colored for skeletal muscle, intramuscular adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Then, surface areas of each tissue type were calculated using the tag surface area function. For linear measurements, the height and width of bilateral psoas and paraspinal muscles at the level of the third lumbar vertebra are measured and the calculation using these four values yield the estimated skeletal muscle mass. Segmentation analysis provides quantitative, comprehensive information about the patients' body composition, which can then be correlated with disease progression. However, the process is more time-consuming and requires specialized training. Linear measurements are an efficient and clinic-friendly tool for quick preoperative evaluation. However, linear measurements do not provide information on adipose tissue composition. Nonetheless, these methods have wide applications in a variety of diseases to predict surgical outcomes, risk of disease progression and inform treatment options for patients.
Steele S; Lin F; Le Thien-Linh; Medline A; Higgins M; Sandberg A; Evans S; Hong G; Williams MA; Bilen MA; Psutka S; Ogan K; Master VA
2021
2021-03-21
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
journalArticle
<a href="http://doi.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"></a>
Transplant radical nephrectomy and transplant radical nephroureterectomy for renal cancer: Postoperative and survival outcomes.
Survival Analysis; Nephrectomy; Kidney Neoplasms
BACKGROUND The treatment of complex tumors in non-functioning renal transplants requiring surgical extirpation is challenging. Here, we report the largest series of patients who underwent transplant radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and transplant radical nephroureterectomy for urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) in their transplanted kidneys. MATERIAL AND METHODS From 2004 to 2018, 10 patients underwent transplant radical nephrectomy (7 patients) and nephroureterectomy (3 patients). Retrospective analyses, in terms of complications, oncological recurrence, and survival, of peri-operative and long-term outcomes, were performed. RESULTS Out of the 10 patients, 7 had RCC and 3 had UCC. No intraoperative mortality occurred. Three patients presented with Clavien-Dindo grade IIIa or greater within 30 days of surgery. Two patients died within 60 days of surgery, both due to vascular events: one due to myocardial infarction and one due to stroke. Two other patients died: one after 2.9 years, due to myocardial infarction, and the other after 6 years, due to unknown reasons. At the 7-year follow-up, there was a 60% overall survival rate. For all patients, average survival post-nephrectomy was approximately 4.5 years, including the 6 living patients and 4 deceased patients. Importantly, there was no observed cancer recurrence. CONCLUSIONS This study reports outcomes of the largest series of transplant radical nephrectomy and nephroureterectomy for malignancies of renal allografts. In the optimized setting, extirpative surgeries appear safe, with favorable long-term oncological and survival outcomes.
Nabavizadeh R;Noorali AA;Makhani SS;Hong G;Holzman S;Patil DH;Kim FY;Tso PL;Turgeon NA;Ogan K;Master Viraj A
Annals of Transplantation
2020
2020-10-23
journalArticle
<a href="http://doi.org/10.12659/AOT.925865" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.12659/AOT.925865</a>
Outcomes in patients with renal cell carcinoma undergoing inferior vena cava ligation without reconstruction versus thrombectomy: A retrospective, case-controlled study.
inferior vena cava (IVC); functional outcomes; ligation; renal cell carcinoma (RCC); thrombectomy
Purpose: Radical nephrectomy with tumor thrombectomy is considered standard of care in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Surgical ligation and interruption of the inferior vena cava (IVC), however, is sometimes necessary when the tumor thrombus invades the IVC wall. This study assesses the outcomes in patients with RCC undergoing IVC ligation compared to IVC thrombectomy.; Methods: We conducted a case-controlled, retrospective study at a high-volume single-center institution. All RCC patients who underwent ligation without reconstruction were matched with thrombectomy patients in a 1:2 ratio based on pre-operative renal function, RCC stage, and intraoperative thrombus level. Endpoints were complications, change in renal function, and mortality.; Results: 26 RCC patients who underwent IVC ligation between 2005 and 2019 were matched with 52 patients who underwent IVC thrombectomy in the same time period. When compared to thrombectomy, ligation patients had higher 90-day readmission rate (19% vs 4%, p = 0.025). The ligation group also had a higher postoperative complication rate (73% vs 39%, p = 0.004) and higher rates of lymphedema (23% vs 8%, p = 0.055) . However, by 1-month follow-up, the rate of persistent overall and major complications for both ligation and thrombectomy groups were comparable; 49% vs 31% ( p = 0.497) 8% vs 8% ( p = 1.000), respectively. Importantly, at 18-month follow up, mean eGFR declines were similar between ligation patients (8.5 mL/min/1.73m 2 ) and thrombectomy patients (9.9 mL/min/1.73m 2 ) ( p = 0.834). Differences in cancer-specific mortality ( p = 0.993 ) and all-cause mortality ( p = 0.756) were also not statistically significant.; Conclusions: The outcomes of IVC ligation compared to IVC thrombectomy for RCC are similar. IVC ligation patients initially face a more complicated postoperative course, but in the longer term, have similar renal function recovery, complication rates, and survival.
Xie L;Hong G;Nabavizadeh R;Patil D;Ethun CG;Ogan K;Maithel SK;Master VA
The Journal Of Urology
2020
2020-09-09
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
journalArticle
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1097/ju.0000000000001354" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1097/ju.0000000000001354</a>