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Text
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URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S59448" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S59448</a>
Pages
719–726
Volume
9
Dublin Core
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Title
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Falls and cognitive decline in Mexican Americans 75 years and older.
Publisher
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Clinical interventions in aging
Date
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2014
1905-07
Subject
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Female; Humans; Male; Aged; United States/epidemiology; Sex Factors; depression; Neuropsychological Tests; Accidental Falls/*statistics & numerical data; cognition; Cognition Disorders/epidemiology/*etiology; Depression/epidemiology/etiology; Educational Status; elderly; Hand Strength; Mexican Americans/psychology/*statistics & numerical data; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; 80 and over
Creator
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Padubidri Anokha; Al Snih Soham; Samper-Ternent Rafael; Markides Kyriakos S; Ottenbacher Kenneth J; Raji Mukaila A
Description
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BACKGROUND: Little is known about long-term emotional and cognitive consequences of falls. We examined the association between falls and subsequent cognitive decline, and tested the hypothesis that depression would mediate any falls-cognition association among cognitively intact Hispanic Elders. METHODS: We used data from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly to examine change in Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores over the 6-year period according to number of falls. All participants (N=1,119) had MMSE scores \textgreater/=21 and complete data on Center for Epidemiologic Studies of Depression Scale, social and demographic factors, medical conditions (diabetes, heart attack, stroke, and hypertension), and hand grip muscle strength. RESULTS: At baseline, participants' mean age was 80.8 years (range, 74-109), mean education was 6.3 years (range, 0-17), and mean MMSE was 25.2 (range, 21-30). Of the 1,119 participants, 15.8% experienced one fall and 14.4% had two or more falls. In mixed model analyses, having two or more falls was associated with greater decline in MMSE score (estimate =-0.81, standard error =0.19, P\textless0.0001) compared to having no fall, after adjusting for age, sex, marital status, and education. The magnitude of the association decreased (estimate =-0.65, standard error =0.19, P=0.0007) when adjustment was made for high depressive symptoms, suggesting a possible mediating effect of depression on the falls-cognition association. Female sex, high level of education, and high performance in hand grip muscle strength were associated with a slower decline in MMSE scores. CONCLUSION: Having two or more falls was independently associated with steeper decline in cognition over 6 years, with a possible mediating effect of depression on the falls-cognition association.
Identifier
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S59448" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.2147/CIA.S59448</a>
Rights
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Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
2014
80 and over
Accidental Falls/*statistics & numerical data
Aged
Al Snih Soham
Clinical interventions in aging
Cognition
Cognition Disorders/epidemiology/*etiology
Depression
Depression/epidemiology/etiology
Educational Status
Elderly
Female
Hand Strength
Humans
Male
Markides Kyriakos S
Mexican Americans/psychology/*statistics & numerical data
Neuropsychological Tests
Ottenbacher Kenneth J
Padubidri Anokha
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
Raji Mukaila A
Samper-Ternent Rafael
Sex Factors
United States/epidemiology