The development and evaluation of a brief form of the normative male alexithymia scale (NMAS-BF).
Female; Humans; Male; Adult; Aged; Middle Aged; Reproducibility of Results; Psychometrics; Factor Analysis Statistical; Socialization; Affective Symptoms/diagnosis/psychology; Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale/standards
The current study extended prior work on the Normative Male Alexithymia Scale (NMAS), a unidimensional measure of some men's limitations in expressing emotion that results from gender-based socialization informed by the masculine norm of restrictive emotionality (RE). Data (N = 505 men) were from Amazon Mechanical Turk participants. First, dimensionality was reassessed using exploratory factor analysis, which supported the unidimensional structure. Second, based on these results, three 6-item models of the NMAS-Brief Form (NMAS-BF) were developed, based on classical test theory (CTT), CTT optimized to avoid item redundancy, and item response theory (IRT). Third, the relative fits of these versions were assessed using confirmatory factor analysis on a separate part of the sample, finding that the IRT version was the best fitting model. Fourth, evidence for reliability for the
Levant RF; Parent MC
Journal of counseling psychology
2019
2019-03
© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
journalArticle
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000312" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1037/cou0000312</a>
PMID: 30284847
Development and evaluation of a new short form of the conformity to masculine norms inventory (CMNI-30).
The Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory (CMNI) has been an important tool in researching masculinity. With the original measure at 94 items (Mahalik et al., 2003), there have been several abbreviated forms developed from 11 to 55 items. However, in confirmatory factor analyses (CFA's) testing 13 common factors, bifactor, hierarchical, and unidimensional models, only 4 models demonstrated adequate fit to the data, and most of these were for the still quite long 46-item version. As a result, there was no psychometrically strong truly short form of the CMNI. In the present study, data from 1561 community and university men were used to develop a short form. First an exploratory factor analysis using a portion of the data was conducted, which resulted in a 10-subscale dimensionality, followed by CFA estimating a common factors model. The results of the CFA were used to create two candidate models for a 30-item short form of the CMNI, based on Classical test theory (CTT) and optimized CTT. The best-fitting candidate model for the CMNI-30 was CTT. Next, the fit of the 29, 46, and 94 item models were compared to the 30-item version, which had the superior fit. Then, measurement invariance between White men and men of color was assessed, choosing this comparison because hegemonic masculinity is theorized to marginalize men of color. Evidence was found for full configural and metric, and partial scalar and residuals invariance. Finally, significant relationships between CMNI-30 scores and indicators of depression and anxiety provides preliminary concurrent evidence for its validity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Levant RF; McDermott R; Parent MC; Alshabani N; Mahalik JR; Hammer JH
Journal of counseling psychology
2020
2020-02-03
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
journalArticle
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000414" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1037/cou0000414</a>
PMID: 32011153