TRPV4 deletion protects heart from myocardial infarction-induced adverse remodeling via modulation of cardiac fibroblast differentiation.
Mechanotransduction; TRPV4; Myocardial infarction; Myocardial infarction; TGF-beta1; Rho/Rho kinase; Mechanotransduction; TGF-β1; Myocardial infarction; EXTRACELLULAR matrix; HEART failure; HEART fibrosis; HEART; Cardiac fibroblast; Cardiac fibrosis; Rho/Rho kinase; TRPV4; Cardiac fibroblast; Cardiac fibrosis; DELETION mutation
Cardiac fibrosis caused by adverse cardiac remodeling following myocardial infarction can eventually lead to heart failure. Although the role of soluble factors such as TGF-beta is well studied in cardiac fibrosis following myocardial injury, the physiological role of mechanotransduction is not fully understood. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism and functional role of TRPV4 mechanotransduction in cardiac fibrosis. TRPV4KO mice, 8 weeks following myocardial infarction (MI), exhibited preserved cardiac function compared to WT mice. Histological analysis demonstrated reduced cardiac fibrosis in TRPV4KO mice. We found that WT CF exhibited hypotonicity-induced calcium influx and extracellular matrix (ECM)-stiffness-dependent differentiation in response to
Adapala Ravi K; Kanugula Anantha K; Paruchuri Sailaja; Chilian William M; Thodeti Charles K
Basic research in cardiology
2020
2020-01
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1007/s00395-020-0775-5" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1007/s00395-020-0775-5</a>
Cysteinyl leukotriene 2 receptor promotes endothelial permeability, tumor angiogenesis, and metastasis.
*angiogenesis; *cysteinyl leukotriene receptors; *endothelial cells; *metastasis; *tumor growth; Male; Animals; Mice; Gene Knockout Techniques; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy; Neoplasm Transplantation; Neoplasms; Receptors; Inbred C57BL; Neovascularization; Experimental; Capillary Permeability/drug effects; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids/pharmacology; Endothelial Cells/*drug effects; Leukotriene Antagonists/pharmacology; Neoplasm Metastasis/drug therapy; Phthalic Acids/pharmacology; Leukotriene/drug effects/*metabolism; Pathologic/*chemically induced/drug therapy
Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cys-LTs) are proinflammatory mediators that enhance vascular permeability through distinct receptors (CysLTRs). We found that CysLT2R regulates angiogenesis in isolated mouse endothelial cells (ECs) and in Matrigel implants in WT mice and enhances EC contraction and permeability via the Rho-dependent myosin light chain 2 and vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin axis. Since solid tumors utilize aberrant angiogenesis for their growth and metastasis and their vessels exhibit vascular hyperpermeability, we hypothesized that CysLT2R, via its actions on the endothelium, might regulate tumor growth. Both tumor growth and metastases of adoptively transferred syngeneic Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells are significantly reduced in CysLT2R-null mice (Cysltr2 (-/-)) compared with WT and CysLT1R-null mice (Cysltr1 (-/-)). In WT recipients of LLC cells, CysLT2R expression is significantly increased in the tumor vasculature, compared with CysLT1R. Further, the tumor vasculature in Cysltr2 (-/-) recipients exhibited significantly improved integrity, as revealed by increased pericyte coverage and decreased leakage of i.v.-administered Texas Red-conjugated dextran. Administration of a selective CysLT2R antagonist significantly reduced LLC tumor volume, vessel density, dextran leakage, and metastases in WT mice, highlighting CysLT2R as a VEGF-independent regulator of the vasculature promoting risk of metastasis. Thus, both genetic and pharmacological findings establish CysLT2R as a gateway for angiogenesis and EC dysregulation in vitro and ex vivo and in an in vivo model with a mouse tumor. Our data suggest CysLT2R as a possible target for intervention.
Duah Ernest; Teegala Lakshminarayan Reddy; Kondeti Vinay; Adapala Ravi K; Keshamouni Venkateshwar G; Kanaoka Yoshihide; Austen K Frank; Thodeti Charles K; Paruchuri Sailaja
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
2019
2019-01
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1817325115" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1073/pnas.1817325115</a>
A TRP to cardiac fibroblast differentiation.
Female; Humans; Male; Animals; TRPV4; *Wound Healing; TRPV Cation Channels/*metabolism; integrin; *Cell Differentiation; cardiac fibroblast; myofibroblast; *Calcium Signaling; *Cell Transdifferentiation; Atrial Fibrillation/*metabolism; differentiation; ECM stiffness; Fibroblasts/*metabolism/*physiology; mechanical signaling; Myofibroblasts/*cytology/*metabolism; Rho/ROCK; TRPC Cation Channels/*metabolism; TRPM Cation Channels/*metabolism; Cellular; *Mechanotransduction
The differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts is one of the key events during cardiac remodeling, however, the molecular mechanism underlying this process is not well known. Calcium signaling plays an important role in the regulation of cardiac fibroblast function, but its role in the differentiation of fibroblasts is undefined. Recently four Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels TRPM7, TRPC3, TRPC6 and TRPV4 were shown to be crucial for the differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. This addendum sums up the roles described for these four TRP channels in cardiac fibroblast differentiation, and discusses the possible molecular mechanisms underlying this process and its relevance for cardiac remodeling in disease.
Thodeti Charles K; Paruchuri Sailaja; Meszaros J Gary
Channels (Austin, Tex.)
2013
2013-06
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.4161/chan.24328" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.4161/chan.24328</a>
TRPV4 channels regulate tumor angiogenesis via modulation of Rho/Rho kinase pathway.
Animals; Mice; TRPV4; endothelial cell; Cell Movement/physiology; Endothelial Cells/metabolism/pathology; mechanotransduction; rho-Associated Kinases/*metabolism; Rho/Rho kinase; TRPV Cation Channels/*metabolism; tumor angiogenesis; Carcinoma; Inbred C57BL; Knockout; Neovascularization; Lewis Lung/metabolism/*pathology; Pathologic/*metabolism/pathology
Targeting angiogenesis is considered a promising therapy for cancer. Besides curtailing soluble factor mediated tumor angiogenesis, understanding the unexplored regulation of angiogenesis by mechanical cues may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets. We have recently shown that expression and activity of mechanosensitive ion channel transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is suppressed in tumor endothelial cells and restoring TRPV4 expression or activation induces vascular normalization and improves cancer therapy. However, the molecular mechanism(s) by which TRPV4 modulates angiogenesis are still in their infancy. To explore how TRPV4 regulates angiogenesis, we have employed TRPV4 null endothelial cells (TRPV4KO EC) and TRPV4KO mice. We found that absence of TRPV4 (TRPV4KO EC) resulted in a significant increase in proliferation, migration, and abnormal tube formation in vitro when compared to WT EC. Concomitantly, sprouting angiogenesis ex vivo and vascular growth in vivo was enhanced in TRPV4KO mice. Mechanistically, we observed that loss of TRPV4 leads to a significant increase in basal Rho activity in TRPV4KO EC that corresponded to their aberrant mechanosensitivity on varying stiffness ECM gels. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of the Rho/Rho kinase pathway by Y-27632 normalized abnormal mechanosensitivity and angiogenesis exhibited by TRPV4KO EC in vitro. Finally, Y-27632 treatment increased pericyte coverage and in conjunction with Cisplatin, significantly reduced tumor growth in TRPV4KO mice. Taken together, these data suggest that TRPV4 regulates angiogenesis endogenously via modulation of EC mechanosensitivity through the Rho/Rho kinase pathway and can serve as a potential therapeutic target for cancer therapy.
Thoppil Roslin J; Cappelli Holly C; Adapala Ravi K; Kanugula Anantha K; Paruchuri Sailaja; Thodeti Charles K
Oncotarget
2016
2016-05
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.8405" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.18632/oncotarget.8405</a>
Form follows function: polymorphisms in mAKAP alter cardiac cAMP/PKA signaling.
Paruchuri Sailaja; Thodeti Charles K
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology
2018
2018-09
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00248.2018" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1152/ajpheart.00248.2018</a>
Novel noncanonical regulation of soluble VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling by mechanosensitive ion channel TRPV4.
angiogenesis; endothelial cell; phosphorylation
VEGF signaling via VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR2) is a major regulator of endothelial cell (EC) functions, including angiogenesis. Although most studies of angiogenesis focus on soluble VEGF signaling, mechanical signaling also plays a critical role. Here, we examined the consequence of disruption of mechanical signaling on soluble signaling pathways. Specifically, we observed that small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown of a mechanosensitive ion channel, transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), significantly reduced perinuclear (Golgi) VEGFR2 in human ECs with a concomitant increase in phosphorylation at Y1175 and membrane translocation. TRPV4 knockout (KO) ECs exhibited increased plasma membrane localization of phospho-VEGFR2 compared with normal ECs. The knockdown also increased phospho-VEGFR2 in whole cell lysates and membrane fractions compared with control siRNA-treated cells. siRNA knockdown of TRPV4 enhanced nuclear localization of mechanosensitive transcription factors, yes-associated protein/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif via rho kinase, which were shown to increase VEGFR2 trafficking to the plasma membrane. Furthermore, TRPV4 deletion/knockdown enhanced VEGF-mediated migration in vitro and increased expression of VEGFR2 in vivo in the vasculature of TRPV4 KO tumors compared with wild-type tumors. Our results thus show that TRPV4 channels regulate VEGFR2 trafficking and activation to identify novel cross-talk between mechanical (TRPV4) and soluble (VEGF) signaling that controls EC migration and angiogenesis.-Kanugula, A. K., Adapala, R. K., Midha, P., Cappelli, H. C., Meszaros, J. G., Paruchuri, S., Chilian, W. M., Thodeti, C. K., Novel noncanonical regulation of soluble VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling by mechanosensitive ion channel TRPV4.
Kanugula Anantha K; Adapala Ravi K; Midha Priya; Cappelli Holly C; Meszaros J Gary; Paruchuri Sailaja; Chilian William M; Thodeti Charles K
FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
2019
2019-01
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201800509R" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1096/fj.201800509R</a>
Mechanosensitive transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 regulates Dermatophagoides farinae-induced airway remodeling via 2 distinct pathways modulating matrix synthesis and degradation.
*Airway Remodeling; *fibronectin; *myofibroblasts; *PAI-1; *PI3K; *TGF-beta1; Adult; Animals; Asthma/etiology/genetics/*metabolism/pathology; Cells; Cultured; Dermatophagoides farinae/immunology; Extracellular Matrix/*metabolism/pathology; Fibroblasts/metabolism; Fibronectins/*metabolism; Humans; Inbred C57BL; Male; Mice; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1/metabolism; Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism; TRPV Cation Channels/genetics/*metabolism
Contributions of mechanical signals to airway remodeling during asthma are poorly understood. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), a mechanosensitive ion channel, has been implicated in cardiac and pulmonary fibrosis; however, its role in asthma remains elusive. Employing a Dermatophagoides farinae-induced asthma model, we report here that TRPV4-knockout mice were protected from D. farinae-induced airway remodeling. Furthermore, lung fibroblasts that were isolated from TRPV4-knockout mice showed diminished differentiation potential compared with wild-type mice. Fibroblasts from asthmatic lung exhibited increased TRPV4 activity and enhanced differentiation potential compared with normal human lung fibroblasts. Of interest, TGF-beta1 treatment enhanced TRPV4 activation in a
Gombedza Farai; Kondeti Vinay; Al-Azzam Nosayba; Koppes Stephanie; Duah Ernest; Patil Prachi; Hexter Madison; Phillips Daniel; Thodeti Charles K; Paruchuri Sailaja
FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
2017
2017-04
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201601045R" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1096/fj.201601045R</a>
Cysteinyl leukotriene 2 receptor promotes endothelial permeability, tumor angiogenesis, and metastasis.
*angiogenesis; *cysteinyl leukotriene receptors; *endothelial cells; *metastasis; *tumor growth
Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cys-LTs) are proinflammatory mediators that enhance vascular permeability through distinct receptors (CysLTRs). We found that CysLT2R regulates angiogenesis in isolated mouse endothelial cells (ECs) and in Matrigel implants in WT mice and enhances EC contraction and permeability via the Rho-dependent myosin light chain 2 and vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin axis. Since solid tumors utilize aberrant angiogenesis for their growth and metastasis and their vessels exhibit vascular hyperpermeability, we hypothesized that CysLT2R, via its actions on the endothelium, might regulate tumor growth. Both tumor growth and metastases of adoptively transferred syngeneic Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells are significantly reduced in CysLT2R-null mice (Cysltr2 (-/-)) compared with WT and CysLT1R-null mice (Cysltr1 (-/-)). In WT recipients of LLC cells, CysLT2R expression is significantly increased in the tumor vasculature, compared with CysLT1R. Further, the tumor vasculature in Cysltr2 (-/-) recipients exhibited significantly improved integrity, as revealed by increased pericyte coverage and decreased leakage of i.v.-administered Texas Red-conjugated dextran. Administration of a selective CysLT2R antagonist significantly reduced LLC tumor volume, vessel density, dextran leakage, and metastases in WT mice, highlighting CysLT2R as a VEGF-independent regulator of the vasculature promoting risk of metastasis. Thus, both genetic and pharmacological findings establish CysLT2R as a gateway for angiogenesis and EC dysregulation in vitro and ex vivo and in an in vivo model with a mouse tumor. Our data suggest CysLT2R as a possible target for intervention.
Duah Ernest; Teegala Lakshminarayan Reddy; Kondeti Vinay; Adapala Ravi K; Keshamouni Venkateshwar G; Kanaoka Yoshihide; Austen K Frank; Thodeti Charles K; Paruchuri Sailaja
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
2019
2019-01
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1817325115" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1073/pnas.1817325115</a>
TRPV4 channel activation selectively inhibits tumor endothelial cell proliferation.
Animals; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology; Cell Proliferation/drug effects; Endothelial Cells/drug effects/metabolism; Leucine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mice; Neoplasms/drug therapy/*metabolism/pathology; Neovascularization; Pathologic/drug therapy; Sulfonamides/pharmacology; TRPV Cation Channels/drug effects/genetics/*metabolism; Up-Regulation
Endothelial cell proliferation is a critical event during angiogenesis, regulated by both soluble factors and mechanical forces. Although the proliferation of tumor cells is studied extensively, little is known about the proliferation of tumor endothelial cells (TEC) and its contribution to tumor angiogenesis. We have recently shown that reduced expression of the mechanosensitive ion channel TRPV4 in TEC causes aberrant mechanosensitivity that result in abnormal angiogenesis. Here, we show that TEC display increased proliferation compared to normal endothelial cells (NEC). Further, we found that TEC exhibit high basal ERK1/2 phosphorylation and increased expression of proliferative genes important in the G1/S phase of the cell cycle. Importantly, pharmacological activation of TRPV4, with a small molecular activator GSK1016790A (GSK), significantly inhibited TEC proliferation, but had no effect on the proliferation of NEC or the tumor cells (epithelial) themselves. This reduction in TEC proliferation by TRPV4 activation was correlated with a decrease in high basal ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Finally, using a syngeneic tumor model revealed that TRPV4 activation, with GSK, significantly reduced endothelial cell proliferation in vivo. Our findings suggest that TRPV4 channels regulate tumor angiogenesis by selectively inhibiting tumor endothelial cell proliferation.
Thoppil Roslin J; Adapala Ravi K; Cappelli Holly C; Kondeti Vinay; Dudley Andrew C; Meszaros J Gary; Paruchuri Sailaja; Thodeti Charles K
Scientific reports
2015
2015-09
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1038/srep14257" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1038/srep14257</a>
TRPV4 channels mediate cardiac fibroblast differentiation by integrating mechanical and soluble signals.
*Calcium Signaling; *Cell Differentiation; *Mechanotransduction; Animals; Cellular; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism/physiology; Fibroblasts/*physiology; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Male; Monoterpenes/pharmacology; Myocardium/cytology; Myofibroblasts/metabolism; Rats; RNA; Small Interfering/genetics; Sprague-Dawley; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/physiology; TRPM Cation Channels/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism; TRPV Cation Channels/genetics/*metabolism
The phenotypic switch underlying the differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts into hypersecretory myofibroblasts is critical for cardiac remodeling following myocardial infarction. Myofibroblasts facilitate wound repair in the myocardium by secreting and organizing extracellular matrix (ECM) during the wound healing process. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in myofibroblast differentiation are not well known. TGF-beta has been shown to promote differentiation and this, combined with the robust mechanical environment in the heart, lead us to hypothesize that the mechanotransduction and TGF-beta signaling pathways play active roles in the differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. Here, we show that the mechanosensitve ion channel TRPV4 is required for TGF-beta1-induced differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. We found that the TRPV4-specific antagonist AB159908 and siRNA knockdown of TRPV4 significantly inhibited TGFbeta1-induced differentiation as measured by incorporation of alpha-SMA into stress fibers. Further, we found that
Adapala Ravi K; Thoppil Roslin J; Luther Daniel J; Paruchuri Sailaja; Meszaros J Gary; Chilian William M; Thodeti Charles K
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology
2013
2013-01
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.10.016" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.10.016</a>
Leukotriene D4 and prostaglandin E2 signals synergize and potentiate vascular inflammation in a mast cell-dependent manner through cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 and E-prostanoid receptor 3.
Animals; c-fos; Capillary Permeability; Cell Line; CysLT(1)R; Dinoprostone/*immunology; E-prostanoid receptor 3; Edema/immunology; EP3 Subtype/*immunology; extracellular signal-regulated kinase; Humans; Inbred BALB C; Inbred C57BL; Inflammation/immunology; leukotriene D(4); Leukotriene D4/*immunology; Leukotriene/*immunology; macrophage inflammatory protein 1beta; Mast cells; Mast Cells/*immunology; Mice; prostaglandin D(2); Prostaglandin E; prostaglandin E(2); protein kinase G; Receptors; Transgenic; Tumor
BACKGROUND: Although arachidonic acid metabolites, cysteinyl leukotrienes (cys-LTs; leukotriene [LT] C4, LTD4, and LTE4), and prostaglandin (PG) E2 are generated at the site of inflammation, it is not known whether crosstalk exists between these 2 classes of inflammatory mediators. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the role of LTD4-PGE2 crosstalk in inducing vascular inflammation in vivo, identify effector cells, and ascertain specific receptors and pathways involved in vitro. METHODS: Vascular (ear) inflammation was assessed by injecting agonists into mouse ears, followed by measuring ear thickness and histology, calcium influx with Fura-2, phosphorylation and expression of signaling molecules by means of immunoblotting, PGD2 and macrophage inflammatory protein 1beta generation by using ELISA, and expression of transcripts by using RT-PCR. Candidate receptors and signaling molecules were identified by using antagonists and inhibitors and confirmed by using small interfering RNA. RESULTS: LTD4 plus PGE2 potentiated vascular permeability and edema, gearing the system toward proinflammation in wild-type mice but not in Kit(W-sh) mice. Furthermore, LTD4 plus PGE2, through cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT1R) and E-prostanoid receptor (EP) 3, enhanced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) and c-fos phosphorylation, inflammatory gene expression, macrophage inflammatory protein 1beta secretion, COX-2 upregulation, and PGD2 generation in mast cells. Additionally, we uncovered that this synergism is mediated through Gi, protein kinase G, and Erk signaling. LTD4 plus PGE2-potentiated effects are partially sensitive to CysLT1R or EP3 antagonists but completely abolished by simultaneous treatment both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: Our results unravel a unique
Kondeti Vinay; Al-Azzam Nosayba; Duah Ernest; Thodeti Charles K; Boyce Joshua A; Paruchuri Sailaja
The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
2016
2016-01
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2015.06.030" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.jaci.2015.06.030</a>
Mechanosensitive TRPV4 channels stabilize VE-cadherin junctions to regulate tumor vascular integrity and metastasis.
Angiogenesis; Mechanotransduction; Stiffness; TRPV4; Vascular integrity; VE-cadherin
The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel is a mechanosensor in endothelial cells (EC) that regulates cyclic strain-induced reorientation and flow-mediated nitric oxide production. We have recently demonstrated that TRPV4 expression is reduced in tumor EC and tumors grown in TRPV4KO mice exhibited enhanced growth and immature leaky vessels. However, the mechanism by which TRPV4 regulates tumor vascular integrity and metastasis is not known. Here, we demonstrate that VE-cadherin expression at the cell-cell contacts is significantly reduced in TRPV4-deficient tumor EC and TRPV4KO EC. In vivo angiogenesis assays with Matrigel of varying stiffness (700-900Pa) revealed a significant stiffness-dependent reduction in VE-cadherin-positive vessels in Matrigel plugs from TRPV4KO mice compared with WT mice, despite an increase in vessel growth. Further, syngeneic Lewis Lung Carcinomatumor experiments demonstrated a significant decrease in VE-cadherin positive vessels in TRPV4KO tumors compared with WT. Functionally, enhanced tumor cell metastasis to the lung was observed in TRPV4KO mice. Our findings demonstrate that TRPV4 channels regulate tumor vessel integrity by maintaining VE-cadherin expression at cell-cell contacts and identifies TRPV4 as a novel target for metastasis.
Cappelli Holly C; Kanugula Anantha K; Adapala Ravi K; Amin Vibhatsu; Sharma Priya; Midha Priya; Paruchuri Sailaja; Thodeti Charles K
Cancer letters
2019
2019-02
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2018.07.042" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.canlet.2018.07.042</a>