Pomegranate exerts chemoprevention of experimentally induced mammary tumorigenesis by suppression of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis.
*Punicaceae/chemistry; 10-Dimethyl-1; 2-benzanthracene; 9; Animal Studies; Animals; Anticarcinogenic Agents/*therapeutic use; Apoptosis; Apoptosis/*drug effects; Breast Neoplasms – Mortality; Breast Neoplasms – Prevention and Control; Breast Neoplasms – Risk Factors; Cell Physiology; Cell Proliferation/*drug effects; Diet – Evaluation; Experimental/pathology/*prevention & control; Female; Funding Source; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes; Human; Immunohistochemistry; Mammary Neoplasms; Mutation; National Institutes of Health (U.S.); Neoplasms – Prevention and Control; Phytotherapy; Pomegranate; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/analysis; Rats; Sprague-Dawley; Tamoxifen; United States
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in women in the United States and discovery and development of safe chemopreventive drugs is urgently needed. The fruit pomegranate (Punica granatum) is gaining importance because of its various health benefits. This study was initiated to investigate chemopreventive potential of a pomegranate emulsion (PE) against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) rat mammary carcinogenesis. The animals were orally administered with PE (0.2-5.0 g/kg), starting 2 wk before and 16 wk following DMBA treatment. PE exhibited a striking reduction of DMBA-induced mammary tumor incidence, total tumor burden, and reversed histopathological changes. PE dose-dependently suppressed cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in mammary tumors. Immunohistochemical studies showed that PE increased intratumor Bax, decreased Bcl2 and manifested a proapoptotic shift in Bax/Bcl2 ratio. In addition, our gene expression study showed PE-mediated upregulation of Bad, caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-9, poly (ADP ribose) polymerase and cytochrome c in mammary tumors. Thus, PE exerts chemoprevention of mammary carcinogenesis by suppressing cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis mediated through upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl2 in concert with caspase cascades. Pomegranate bioactive phytoconstituents could be developed as a chemopreventive drug to reduce the risk of breast cancer.
Bishayee Anupam; Mandal Animesh; Bhattacharyya Piyali; Bhatia Deepak
Nutrition and cancer
2016
1905-07
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2016.1115094" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1080/01635581.2016.1115094</a>
The health benefits of blackcurrants.
*Health Promotion; *Ribes/chemistry; Anthocyanins/analysis; Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Antioxidants; Fatty Acids; Flavonoids/analysis; Fruit/chemistry; Humans; Phytogenic; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts/adverse effects/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology; Unsaturated/analysis
The blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L., Grossulariceae), a small, perennial shrub native to central Europe and northern Asia, is cultivated throughout the world, including the United States. In addition to its anecdotal use in traditional herbal medicine, modern laboratories have demonstrated the potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of blackcurrant constituents on a myriad of disease states. The properties of the blackcurrants are conferred from its biochemical constituents, some of which include anthocyans (specifically delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside), flavonols, phenolic acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. A plethora of studies have been published with regards to its various therapeutic applications. This article attempts to summarize these studies, providing a general overview of the research in this field. Several studies focus on the therapeutic potential of blackcurrants with regards to hypertension and other cardiovascular-associated illnesses, neoplastic, neurodegenerative and ocular diseases, nephrolithiasis, and diabetic neuropathy. Safety concerns and future directions are also mentioned, suggesting the critical examination of the exact mechanism of action, specific radical-scavenging capabilities of the blackcurrants and the crucial need for well-designed clinical trials to ensure the successful use of blackcurrants in a clinical setting.
Gopalan Ashwin; Reuben Sharon C; Ahmed Shamima; Darvesh Altaf S; Hohmann Judit; Bishayee Anupam
Food & function
2012
2012-08
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1039/c2fo30058c" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1039/c2fo30058c</a>
Harpagoside suppresses IL-6 expression in primary human osteoarthritis chondrocytes.
*c-FOS/AP-1; *harpagoside; *IL-6; *MMP-13; *osteoarthritis; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta/metabolism; Chemokines/metabolism; Chondrocytes/*drug effects/metabolism; Drug Evaluation; Glycosides/pharmacology/*therapeutic use; Harpagophytum; Humans; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism; Matrix Metalloproteinase 13/metabolism; NF-kappa B/metabolism; Osteoarthritis/*drug therapy/metabolism; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts/pharmacology/therapeutic use; Preclinical; Primary Cell Culture; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos/metabolism; Pyrans/pharmacology/*therapeutic use; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism; Transcription Factor AP-1/metabolism
There is growing evidence in support of the involvement of inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Harpagoside, one of the bioactive components of Harpagophytum procumbens (Hp), has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory properties. Here we used an in vitro model of inflammation in OA to investigate the potential of harpagoside to suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines such as IL-6 and matrix degrading proteases. We further investigated the likely targets of harpagoside in primary human OA chondrocytes. OA chondrocytes were pre-treated with harpagoside before stimulation with IL-1beta. mRNA expression profile of 92 cytokines/chemokines was determined using TaqMan Human Chemokine PCR Array. Expression levels of selected mRNAs were confirmed using TaqMan assays. Protein levels of IL-6 and MMP-13 were assayed by ELISA and immunoblotting. Total protein levels and phosphorylation of signaling proteins were determined by immunoblotting. Cellular localization of
Haseeb Abdul; Ansari Mohammad Yunus; Haqqi Tariq M
Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society
2017
2017-02
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/jor.23262" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/jor.23262</a>