Trianthema portulacastrum Linn. displays anti-inflammatory responses during chemically induced rat mammary tumorigenesis through simultaneous and differential regulation of NF-kappaB and Nrf2 signaling pathways.
Female; Animals; Signal Transduction/*drug effects; Immunohistochemistry; Rats; Up-Regulation/drug effects; NF-kappa B/*metabolism; Aizoaceae/*chemistry/metabolism; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/chemistry/isolation & purification/*pharmacology; Breast Neoplasms/chemically induced/metabolism/pathology; Cyclooxygenase 2/metabolism; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/*metabolism; Plant Extracts/chemistry; Sprague-Dawley; 10-Dimethyl-1; 9; Plant Components; 2-benzanthracene/toxicity; Aerial/chemistry/metabolism
Trianthema portulacastrum, a medicinal and dietary plant, has gained substantial importance due to its various pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic activities. We have recently reported that a characterized T. portulacastrum extract (TPE) affords a considerable chemoprevention of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced rat mammary tumorigenesis though the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. The objective of this study was to investigate anti-inflammatory mechanisms of TPE during DMBA mammary carcinogenesis in rats by monitoring cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Mammary tumors were harvested from our previous study in which TPE (50-200 mg/kg) was found to inhibit mammary tumorigenesis in a dose-response manner. The expressions of intratumor COX-2, HSP90, NF-kappaB, inhibitory kappaB-alpha (IkappaBalpha) and Nrf2 were determined by immunohistochemistry. TPE downregulated the expression of COX-2 and HSP90, blocked the degradation of IkappaBalpha, hampered the translocation of NF-kappaB from cytosol to nucleus and upregulated the expression and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 during DMBA mammary carcinogenesis. These results in conjunction with our previous findings suggest that TPE prevents DMBA-induced breast neoplasia by anti-inflammatory mechanisms mediated through simultaneous and differential modulation of two interconnected molecular circuits, namely NF-kappaB and Nrf2 signaling pathways.
Mandal Animesh; Bishayee Anupam
International journal of molecular sciences
2015
2015-01
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.3390/ijms16022426" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.3390/ijms16022426</a>
Antitumor activities of extracts from selected desert plants against HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
Humans; Time Factors; Hep G2 Cells; Desert Climate; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Liver Neoplasms/*drug therapy/pathology; Plant Extracts/administration & dosage/*pharmacology; Tetrazolium Salts/chemistry; Thiazoles/chemistry; Carcinoma; Dose-Response Relationship; Drug; Plants; Antineoplastic Agents; Aerial; Hepatocellular/*drug therapy/pathology; Medicinal/chemistry; Phytogenic/administration & dosage/*pharmacology; Plant Components
CONTEXT: Phytochemicals are produced by desert plants to protect themselves against stressful environments. They have been shown to be useful in preventing and fighting adverse pathophysiological conditions and complex diseases, including cancer. Although many desert plants have been investigated for their antitumor properties, a large number of them still remain to be explored for possible therapeutic applications in oncologic diseases. OBJECTIVE: To screen the antitumor effects of selected desert plants, namely Achillea fragrantissima (Forssk.) Sch. Bip. (Compositae), Ochradenus baccatus Delile (Resedaceae), Origanum dayi Post (Lamiaceae), Phlomis platystegia Post (Lamiaceae) and Varthemia iphionoides Boiss (Compositae), against an in vitro tumor model utilizing HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The aqueous extracts of aerial parts of the aforementioned plants were prepared and used for the in vitro experiments. The HepG2 cells were exposed to varying concentrations (0-4 mg/mL) of each plant extract for 24 or 48 h and the cytotoxicity was measured by the MTT assay. RESULTS: Following 24 h exposure, O. dayi extract exhibited a substantial antiproliferative effect in HepG2 cells (IC50 = 1.0 mg/mL) followed by O. baccatus (IC50 = 1.5 mg/mL). All plant extracts displayed cytotoxicity following 48 h exposure. Nevertheless, a substantial effect was observed with O. dayi (IC50 = 0.35 mg/mL) or O. baccatus (IC50 = 0.83 mg/mL). CONCLUSION: The aqueous extracts from aerial parts of O. dayi and O. baccatus possess antitumor effects against human liver cancer cells. These desert plants represent valuable resources for the development of potential anticancer agents.
Thoppil Roslin J; Harlev Eli; Mandal Animesh; Nevo Eviatar; Bishayee Anupam
Pharmaceutical biology
2013
2013-05
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.3109/13880209.2012.749922" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.3109/13880209.2012.749922</a>