A Polyphenol-rich Pomegranate Fruit Extract Suppresses NF-kappaB and IL-6 Expression by Blocking the Activation of IKKbeta and NIK in Primary Human Chondrocytes.
chondrocytes; Chondrocytes – Drug Effects; Chondrocytes/drug effects; Fruit; Fruit/chemistry; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects; Genes – Drug Effects; Humans; I-kappa B Kinase/genetics/*metabolism; IkappaB; IKKbeta; IL-1beta; Interleukin 1 – Metabolism; Interleukin-1beta/metabolism; Interleukin-6/genetics/*metabolism; Interleukins; Interleukins – Metabolism; NF-kappa B; NF-kappa B – Metabolism; NF-kappa B/genetics/*metabolism; NF-kappaB; NIK; osteoarthritis; Phosphorylation – Drug Effects; Phosphorylation/drug effects; Plant Extracts; Plant Extracts – Pharmacodynamics; Plant Extracts/chemistry/*pharmacology; Polyphenols – Pharmacodynamics; Polyphenols/pharmacology; pomegranate; Pomegranate; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics/*metabolism; Proteins – Metabolism; Punicaceae/*chemistry; Signal Transduction – Drug Effects; Signal Transduction/drug effects; Transcription Factor RelA/metabolism; Transferases; Transferases – Metabolism
Pomegranate fruit extract (PE) rich in polyphenols has been shown to exert chondroprotective effects, but the mechanism is not established. Here, we used an in vitro model of inflammation in osteoarthritis (OA) to investigate the potential of PE to suppress interleukin 1 beta (IL-1beta)-stimulated expression of inflammatory cytokine IL-6, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and investigated the mechanism of NF-kappaB inhibition by analyzing the activation of the kinases upstream of IkappaBalpha in primary human chondrocytes. Total and phosphorylated forms of kinases and expression of IL-6 were determined at protein and mRNA levels by western immunoblotting and Taqman assay, respectively. Dihydrorhodamine 123 staining estimated ROS generation. Pomegranate fruit extract inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of IL-6, generation of ROS, and inhibited the IL-1beta-mediated phosphorylation of inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta (IKKbeta), expression of IKKbeta mRNA, degradation of IkappaBalpha, and activation and nuclear translocation of
Haseeb Abdul; Khan Nazir M; Ashruf Omer S; Haqqi Tariq M
Phytotherapy research : PTR
2017
2017-05
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5799" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ptr.5799</a>
Potential Benefits of Edible Berries in the Management of Aerodigestive and Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers: Preclinical and Clinical Evidence.
aerodigestive and gastrointestinal tract; Animal; Animal Studies; Animals; Anthocyanins/analysis/pharmacology; Anticarcinogenic Agents/*analysis/pharmacology; Antineoplastic Agents – Analysis; Antineoplastic Agents – Pharmacodynamics; Benzopyrans – Analysis; Benzopyrans – Pharmacodynamics; Berry; Biological; cancer; chemoprevention; Clinical Trials; Clinical Trials as Topic; Digestion – Drug Effects; Digestion/drug effects; Disease Models; Ellagic Acid/analysis/pharmacology; Fruit; Fruit/*chemistry; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms – Prevention and Control; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/*prevention & control; Human; Humans; Models; Phytochemicals – Analysis; Phytochemicals – Pharmacodynamics; Phytochemicals/analysis/pharmacology; Plant Extracts – Analysis; Plant Extracts – Pharmacodynamics; Plant Extracts/*analysis/pharmacology; Polyphenols – Analysis; Polyphenols – Pharmacodynamics; Polyphenols/analysis/pharmacology; treatment
Epidemiological reports as well as experimental studies have demonstrated the significant health benefits provided by regular berry consumption. Berries possess both prophylactic and therapeutic potential against several chronic illnesses, such as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and neoplastic diseases. Berries owe their health benefits to phytoconstituents, such as polyphenolic anthocyanins, ellagic acid, and a diverse array of phytochemicals bestowed with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects as well as the ability to engage a multitude of signaling pathways. This review highlights the principal chemical constituents present in berries and their primary molecular targets. The article presents and critically analyzes the chemopreventive and therapeutic potential of berry extracts, fractions, and bioactive components on various cancers of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), including esophageal, stomach, intestinal, and colorectal cancers as well as cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract, such as oral cancer. The current status of clinical studies evaluating berry products in several aforementioned cancers is presented. Various emerging issues including dose-ranging and dosage forms, the role of synergy and the usage of combination therapy as well as other relevant areas essential for the development of berry phytoconstituents as mainstream chemopreventive and therapeutic agents against aerodigestive and GIT cancers are critically discussed.
Bishayee Anupam; Haskell Yennie; Do Chau; Siveen Kodappully Sivaraman; Mohandas Nima; Sethi Gautam; Stoner Gary D
Critical reviews in food science and nutrition
2016
2016-07
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2014.982243" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1080/10408398.2014.982243</a>