1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) disrupts social memory/recognition processes in the male mouse.
*Social Behavior; 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1; 2; 3; 6-tetrahydropyridine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology; Animals; Brain Chemistry/drug effects; Catecholamines/metabolism; Cognition/*drug effects; Dopamine Agents/*pharmacology; Dopamine/metabolism; Habituation; Levodopa/pharmacology; Male; Memory/*drug effects; Mice; Psychophysiologic/drug effects
Male mice treated with MPTP or vehicle were tested for their ability to demonstrate a memory-recognition response as evaluated in a habituation-dishabituation task. Treatment with MPTP severely disrupted the male's habituation-dishabituation response profile compared to vehicle treated animals. Administration of L-DOPA at 45 min prior to behavioral testing in MPTP animals restored their performance on the habituation-dishabituation test to levels observed in vehicle treated animals. There was also a tendency for L-DOPA to produce enhanced responsiveness in vehicle treated animals. Mice treated with MPTP had significantly reduced concentrations of norepinephrine within the olfactory bulb and hippocampus. Vehicle treated mice administered L-DOPA had significantly increased dopamine concentrations within the corpus striatum. These results suggest that, in addition to its putative effects upon the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system and motor behavior, MPTP is also exerting substantial effects upon other systems. In particular, the noradrenergic system and its potential involvement with memory/recognition processes in the CD-1 mouse appears to be very sensitive to the neurotoxic effects of MPTP.
Dluzen D E; Kreutzberg J D
Brain research
1993
1993-04
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(93)90860-p" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/0006-8993(93)90860-p</a>
Conditioned place preference/aversion to fenfluramine in fawn hooded and sprague-Dawley rats.
Animals; Avoidance Learning/*drug effects; Blood Platelets/metabolism; Brain Chemistry/genetics; Fenfluramine/*pharmacology; Habituation; Inbred Strains; Platelet Storage Pool Deficiency/physiopathology; Psychophysiologic/drug effects; Rats; Serotonin/metabolism/physiology; Species Specificity; Sprague-Dawley
The Fawn Hooded (FH) rat strain possesses a genetic platelet storage pool deficiency which leads to an impaired capacity for platelets to store and release serotonin. While the relationship between this deficit and possible alterations in brain serotonergic levels or function remains unclear, numerous behavioral studies have indicated that FH rats exhibit differential responses to serotonergic agonists and antagonist relative to other strains. The current study used the conditioned place preference paradigm to examine the ability of fenfluramine to produce a conditioned place preference (CPP) or aversion (CPA) in FH and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Results indicated that fenfluramine failed to produce CPP or CPA in SD rats, but did produce a CPA in FH rats. Results are discussed in terms of the use of conditioned place preference to assess putative differences in serotonergic functioning in FH rats.
Meehan S M; Schechter M D
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
1994
1994-05
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/0278-5846(94)90014-0" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/0278-5846(94)90014-0</a>
Extinction of cocaine-induced place approach in rats: a validation of the "biased" conditioning procedure.
Animals; Classical; Cocaine/*pharmacology; Conditioning; Extinction; Habituation; Inbred Strains; Male; Operant/*drug effects; Psychological/*drug effects; Psychophysiologic/drug effects; Rats; Reward
It has often been demonstrated that when a rat is conditioned in a cue-specific environment that has been repeatedly paired with cocaine injections, it will spend more time in that environment than it does in a saline-paired environment. This behavioral procedure is commonly known as the conditioned place preference (CPP)-test. At present, a firm theoretical understanding of the mechanisms underlying the production of a CPP are unknown. It is insufficient merely to know that a CPP can result after repeated drug pairings. Rather, it is necessary that the procedure is validated within a learning theory framework. The objective of the present study was, therefore, to establish that what is observed in place preference studies was, indeed, conditioning. This was accomplished by determining whether a cocaine-induced increase in time spent in a drug-paired environment was subject to attenuation following extinction trials. Rats were tested for their initial bias in spending more time in one of two stimulus-specific chambers of a place-conditioning apparatus. On four occasions, rats were injected with 2.5 mg/kg cocaine and confined to their less-preferred chamber whereas, on four alternating sessions, they were conditioned with saline (vehicle) in their preferred chamber. Subsequent testing in the nondrugged state revealed that these rats displayed a significant increase in the time spent in their initially least-preferred environment compared to baseline measurements. Following establishment of this cocaine-induced CPP, the rats were injected only with saline and conditioned for an equal number of sessions (i.e., four).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Calcagnetti D J; Schechter M D
Brain research bulletin
1993
1905-06
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/0361-9230(93)90102-h" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/0361-9230(93)90102-h</a>