A 52-year-old white male presented for evaluation of moderate azotemia (blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 52 mg/dl and creatinine 5.4 mg/dl). Renal history was positive for hypertension (156/100), nocturia, and polyuria. There was a 10-year history of an…
A left superior vena cava, which is present in 0.5% of the population, is the result of persistence of the embryonic left anterior cardinal vein and is usually considered a normal variant. We present our experience of an incidental discovery of…
The Fistula First Breakthrough Initiative (FFBI) has improved the awareness of the value of fistula creation in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The FFBI Health Policy Workgroup has been charged with reviewing the relationship of policy…
