Alcohol Use Disorder History Moderates The Relationship Between Avoidance Coping And Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms
accident survivors; administered ptsd scale; alcohol use disorder; avoidance coping; cue reactivity; drug-use; follow-up; major depression; patients; posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); Psychology; sexual assault survivors; social support; structured clinical interview; Substance Abuse; substance use disorder; Substance Abuse
Avoidance coping (AVC) is common in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Given that PTSD and AUD commonly co-occur, AVC may represent a risk factor for the development of comorbid posttraumatic stress and alcohol use. In this study, the relationship between AVC and PTSD symptoms (PTSS) was examined in individuals with versus without AUDs. Motor vehicle accident (MVA) victims were assessed 6 weeks postaccident for AUD history (i.e. diagnoses of current or past alcohol abuse or dependence) and AVC. PTSS were assessed 6 weeks and 6 months post-MVA. All analyses were conducted on the full sample of MVA victims as well as on the subset of participants who were legally intoxicated (blood alcohol concentration >= 0.08) during the accident. It was hypothesized that the relationship between AVC and PTSS would be stronger in those individuals with an AUD history and especially strong in the subset of individuals who were legally intoxicated during the MVA. Results were largely supportive of this hypothesis, even after controlling for in-hospital PTSS, gender, and current major depression. Early assessment of AUD history and avoidance coping may aid in detecting those at elevated risk for PTSD, and intervening to reduce AVC soon after trauma may help buffer the development of PTSD + AUD comorbidity.
Hruska B; Fallon W; Spoonster E; Sledjeski E M; Delahanty D L
Psychology of Addictive Behaviors
2011
2011-09
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1037/a0022439" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1037/a0022439</a>
PTSD symptom severity and psychiatric comorbidity in recent motor vehicle accident victims: a latent class analysis.
80 and over; Accidents; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alcoholism/alcohol use disorder; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Female; Humans; Intervention; Major/diagnosis/etiology; Male; Middle Aged; Motor Vehicles; Post-Traumatic/diagnosis/*etiology; PTSD/posttraumatic stress disorder; Stress Disorders; Substance use disorder; Substance-Related Disorders/etiology; Traffic/*psychology; Trauma; Young Adult
We conducted a latent class analysis (LCA) on 249 recent motor vehicle accident (MVA) victims to examine subgroups that differed in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity, current major depressive disorder and alcohol/other drug use disorders (MDD/AoDs), gender, and interpersonal trauma history 6-weeks post-MVA. A 4-class model best fit the data with a resilient class displaying asymptomatic PTSD symptom levels/low levels of comorbid disorders; a mild psychopathology class displaying mild PTSD symptom severity and current MDD; a moderate psychopathology class displaying severe PTSD symptom severity and current MDD/AoDs; and a severe psychopathology class displaying extreme PTSD symptom severity and current MDD. Classes also differed with respect to gender composition and history of interpersonal trauma experience. These findings may aid in the development of targeted interventions for recent MVA victims through the identification of subgroups distinguished by different patterns of psychiatric problems experienced 6-weeks post-MVA.
Hruska Bryce; Irish Leah A; Pacella Maria L; Sledjeski Eve M; Delahanty Douglas L
Journal of anxiety disorders
2014
2014-10
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.06.009" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.06.009</a>