The educational experience of pediatric emergency medicine fellows in the use and application of procedural sedation/analgesia.
Curriculum; Education; Human; Questionnaires; Chi Square Test; Data Analysis Software; Pearson's Correlation Coefficient; Multiple Regression; Email; Survey Research; T-Tests; Medical; Analgesia; Sedation; Emergency Medicine – Education; Pediatric Care – Education
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to describe the clinical and educational experience provided to the pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) fellows in procedural sedation/analgesia during their course of training. METHODS: A nonanonymous survey was completed by the program director of each Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)-accredited PEM fellowship program listed in the 2001 to 2002 Graduate Medical Education Directory. Information relating to program demographics, agents available for use in the emergency department (ED), and the educational opportunities offered to trainees was sought. RESULTS: Each of the 32 ACGME-accredited programs completed the survey. Thirty programs report using procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) to facilitate the completion of nonpainful and 32 programs to facilitate the completion of painful procedures in the ED. Twenty-nine programs (92%) permit their fellows to provide PSA independently after meeting credentialing criteria at their institution. Formal didactic sessions, direct supervision of procedures, and dedicated journal clubs were the 3 most frequently cited educational methods reported. The educational method chosen was not predicted by the ED type, the size of the training program, or by the volume of patients evaluated in the ED. Twelve program directors report their belief that a minimum number of procedures should be completed prior to completion of the training program. CONCLUSION: There is wide variation in the educational methods used by PEM fellowship training programs in procedural sedation/analgesia.
Pollauf LA; Lutes RE; Ramundo ML; Christopher NC
Pediatric emergency care
2004
2004-01
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1097/01.pec.0000106237.72265.bb" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1097/01.pec.0000106237.72265.bb</a>
Anti-tobacco socialization in homes in African-American and White parents, and smoking and nonsmoking parents.
Ohio; Child; Focus Groups; Socialization; Human; Questionnaires; Chi Square Test; Funding Source; Interviews; Adolescence; Audiorecording; Blacks; Whites; Survey Research; Parental Attitudes – Ethnology; Parenting – Ethnology; Smoking – In Adolescence; Smoking – Prevention and Control – In Adolescence
PURPOSE: To examine parental perceptions and behaviors with regard to teen smoking, comparing African-American and white parents, and those who did and did not smoke. METHODS: Focus groups consisting of African-American and white parents who smoked provided initial in-depth information. A computer-assisted telephone survey of a biracial sample of 311 parents of children ages 8 to 17 years provided more generalizable information regarding parental beliefs and behaviors. RESULTS: Nearly 50% of households either allowed teen smoking, had no ground rules, or had set restrictive rules but never communicated them to the children. Compared to white parents, African-American parents felt more empowered to affect their children's behaviors and were more likely to actively participate in anti-tobacco socialization within the home (all p values \textless 0.01). Among the African-American parents, 98% reported 18 years or older to be an appropriate age for teens to make up their own minds about using tobacco, whereas 26% of white parents thought 16 years to be an appropriate age (p \textless 0.001). Parents who smoked reported more frequent rule-making than those who did not smoke (p = 0.02), but were more likely to believe that childhood tobacco use is inevitable (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Many parents are not engaged in antitobacco socialization in the home. Differences in the degree of parental participation may contribute to the variance in smoking prevalence between African-American and white children.
Clark P I; Scarisbrick-Hauser A; Gautam S P; Wirk S J
Journal of Adolescent Health
1999
1999-05
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/s1054-139x(98)00117-7" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/s1054-139x(98)00117-7</a>
Menstrual Irregularity and Musculoskeletal Injury in Female High School Athletes.
Female; Odds Ratio; Education; Confidence Intervals; Women's Health; Human; Questionnaires; Chi Square Test; Cross Sectional Studies; Descriptive Statistics; Funding Source; Data Analysis Software; Post Hoc Analysis; Adolescence; One-Way Analysis of Variance; Survey Research; Wisconsin; Body Weights and Measures; Adolescent Health; Amenorrhea; Menarche; Oligomenorrhea; Sex Maturation; Continuing (Credit); Athletes; High School; Body Mass Index – Evaluation; Musculoskeletal System – Injuries – In Adolescence; Athletic Injuries – Epidemiology; Female – In Adolescence; Menstruation Disorders – In Adolescence; Severity of Injury – Evaluation
Context: The female athlete triad describes the interrelatedness of energy availability, menstrual function, and bone density. Although associations between triad components and musculoskeletal injury (INJ) have been reported in collegiate athletes, limited information exists about menstrual irregularity (Ml) and INJ in the high school population. Objective: To determine the prevalence of and relationship between Ml and INJ in high school athletes. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: High schools. Patients or Other Participants: The sample consisted of 249 female athletes from 3 high schools who competed in 33 interscholastic, school-sponsored sport teams, dance teams, and cheerleading or pom-pon squad during the 2006-2007 school year. Each athlete remained on the roster throughout the season. Main Outcome Measure(s): Participants completed a survey regarding injury type, number of days of sport participation missed, and menstrual history in the past year. Results: The prevalences of Ml and INJ were 19.7% and 63.1%, respectively. Athletes who reported Ml sustained; higher percentage of severe injuries (missing \textgreater22 days of practice or competition) than did athletes who reported normal menses. Although the trend was not significant, athletes with Ml were almost 3 times more likely to sustain an injury resulting in 7 or more days of time lost from sport (odds ratio = 2.7, 9591 confidence interval = 0.8, 8.8) than those who sustained an in jury resulting in 7 or fewer days of time lost. Conclusions: The incidences of Ml and INJ in this high school population during the study period were high. Athlete; who reported Ml sustained a higher percentage of severe injuries than did athletes who reported normal menses. Education programs to increase knowledge and improve management o Ml and its potential effects on injury in female high school athletes are warranted.
Thein-Nissenbaum Jill M; Rauh Mitchell J; Carr Kathleen E; Loud Keith J; McGuine Timothy A
Journal of Athletic Training (National Athletic Trainers' Association)
2012
2012-02-01
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-47.1.74" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.4085/1062-6050-47.1.74</a>