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                <text>The importance of multi-modal imaging and clinical information for humans and AI-based algorithms to classify breast masses (INSPiRED 003): an international, multicenter analysis</text>
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                <text>Objectives: AI-based algorithms for medical image analysis showed comparable performance to human image readers. However, in practice, diagnoses are made using multiple imaging modalities alongside other data sources. We determined the importance of this multi-modal information and compared the diagnostic performance of routine breast cancer diagnosis to breast ultrasound interpretations by humans or AI-based algorithms.&#13;
&#13;
Methods: Patients were recruited as part of a multicenter trial (NCT02638935). The trial enrolled 1288 women undergoing routine breast cancer diagnosis (multi-modal imaging, demographic, and clinical information). Three physicians specialized in ultrasound diagnosis performed a second read of all ultrasound images. We used data from 11 of 12 study sites to develop two machine learning (ML) algorithms using unimodal information (ultrasound features generated by the ultrasound experts) to classify breast masses which were validated on the remaining study site. The same ML algorithms were subsequently developed and validated on multi-modal information (clinical and demographic information plus ultrasound features). We assessed performance using area under the curve (AUC).&#13;
&#13;
Results: Of 1288 breast masses, 368 (28.6%) were histopathologically malignant. In the external validation set (n = 373), the performance of the two unimodal ultrasound ML algorithms (AUC 0.83 and 0.82) was commensurate with performance of the human ultrasound experts (AUC 0.82 to 0.84; p for all comparisons &gt; 0.05). The multi-modal ultrasound ML algorithms performed significantly better (AUC 0.90 and 0.89) but were statistically inferior to routine breast cancer diagnosis (AUC 0.95, p for all comparisons ≤ 0.05).&#13;
&#13;
Conclusions: The performance of humans and AI-based algorithms improves with multi-modal information.&#13;
&#13;
Key points: • The performance of humans and AI-based algorithms improves with multi-modal information. • Multimodal AI-based algorithms do not necessarily outperform expert humans. • Unimodal AI-based algorithms do not represent optimal performance to classify breast masses.</text>
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                <text>Eur Radiol&#13;
. 2022 Jun;32(6):4101-4115. doi: 10.1007/s00330-021-08519-z. Epub 2022 Feb 17.</text>
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                <text>Schaefgen B; Juskic M; Radicke M; Hertel M; Barr R; Pfob A; Togawa R; Nees J; von Au A; Fastner S; Harcos A; Gomez C; Stieber A; Riedel F; Hennigs A; Sohn C; Heil J; Golatta M</text>
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                <text>Objective The FUSION-X-US-II prototype was developed to combine 3D automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) and digital breast tomosynthesis in a single device. We evaluated the performance of ABUS and tomosynthesis in a single examination in a clinical setting. Methods In this prospective feasibility study, digital breast tomosynthesis and ABUS were performed using the FUSION-X-US-II prototype without any change of the breast position in patients referred for clarification of breast lesions with an indication for tomosynthesis. The tomosynthesis and ABUS images of the prototype were interpreted independently from the clinical standard by a breast diagnostics specialist. Any detected lesion was classified using BI-RADS (R) scores, and results of the standard clinical routine workup (gold standard) were compared to the result of the separate evaluation of the prototype images. Image quality was rated subjectively and coverage of the breast was measured. Results One hundred one patients received both ABUS and tomosynthesis using the prototype. The duration of the additional ABUS acquisition was 40 to 60 s. Breast coverage by ABUS was approximately 80.0%. ABUS image quality was rated as diagnostically useful in 86 of 101 cases (85.1%). Thirty-three of 34 malignant breast lesions (97.1%) were identified using the prototype. Conclusion The FUSION-X-US-II prototype allows a fast ABUS scan in combination with digital breast tomosynthesis in a single device integrated in the clinical workflow. Malignant breast lesions can be localized accurately with direct correlation of ABUS and tomosynthesis images. The FUSION system shows the potential to improve breast cancer screening in the future after further technical improvements.</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.14140567" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.14140567&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>275</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;Users with a NEOMED Library login can search for full-text journal articles at the following url: &lt;a href="https://libraryguides.neomed.edu/home"&gt;https://libraryguides.neomed.edu/home&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Prostate Cancer: Diagnostic Performance of Real-time Shear-Wave Elastography</text>
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                <text>ultrasound; guidelines; ultrasonography; Radiology; elasticity; Nuclear Medicine &amp; Medical Imaging; localization; risk; predictors; radical prostatectomy; biopsy; contrast-enhanced mri</text>
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                <text>Correas J M; Tissier A M; Khairoune A; Vassiliu V; Mejean A; Helenon O; Memo R; Barr R G</text>
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                <text>Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the performance of real-time ultrasonographic (US) shear-wave elastography (SWE) in the diagnosis of peripheral zone prostate cancer in patients with high and/or increasing prostate-specific antigen levels and/or abnormal digital rectal examination results. Materials and Methods: After signing an informed consent form, men referred for transrectal prostate biopsy were enrolled in this prospective HIPAA-compliant two-center study, which was conducted with institutional review board approval. Transrectal US SWE of the prostate was performed after a conventional transrectal US examination and immediately before US-guided 12-core sextant biopsy. For each sextant, the maximum SWE value was measured and matched to the pathologic results of that sextant biopsy. The diagnostic performance of SWE was assessed at both patient and sextant levels. The elasticity value maximizing the Youden index was used to derive sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). Results: The elasticity values were matched to pathologic results for a total of 1040 peripheral zone sextants in 184 men. One hundred twenty-nine positive biopsy findings (size,. 3 mm; Gleason score,. 6) were identified in 68 patients. The sextant-level sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for SWE with a cutoff of 35 kPa for differentiating benign from malignant lesions were 96% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 95%, 97%), 85% (95% CI: 83%, 87%), 48% (95% CI: 46%, 50%), 99% (95% CI: 98%, 100%), and 95% (95% CI: 93%, 97%), respectively. Conclusion: Use of a 35-kPa threshold at SWE may provide additional information for the detection and biopsy guidance of prostate cancer, enabling a substantial reduction in the number of biopsies while ensuring that few peripheral zone adenocarcinomas are missed. (C) RSNA, 2014</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.14140567" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.1148/radiol.14140567&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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        <name>Khairoune A</name>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.7863/jum.2009.28.9.1143" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.7863/jum.2009.28.9.1143&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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          <name>Pages</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="109170">
              <text>1143-1147</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="109171">
              <text>9</text>
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        <element elementId="57">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="109172">
              <text>28</text>
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          <description>Locate full-text within NEOMED Library's e-journal collections</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="109173">
              <text>&lt;p&gt;Users with a NEOMED Library login can search for full-text journal articles at the following url: &lt;a href="https://libraryguides.neomed.edu/home"&gt;https://libraryguides.neomed.edu/home&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Comparison of Sonography and Scintigraphy in the Evaluation of Gallbladder Functional Studies With Cholecystokinin</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="109161">
                <text>Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="109164">
                <text>pain; Acoustics; ultrasonography; Radiology; disease; Nuclear Medicine &amp; Medical Imaging; sonography; contraction; gallstones; cholecystokinin; cholescintigraphy; chronic acalculous cholecystitis; ejection fraction; gallbladder ejection fraction; infusion; scintigraphy</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="109165">
                <text>Barr R G; Kido T; Grajo J R</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Objective. Both sonography and scintigraphy have been used to evaluate gallbladder function with the use of sincalide (cholecystokinin [CCK]). However, the reported ejection fractions (EFs) for the two modalities are not the same. The techniques measure slightly different parameters. This study directly compared both techniques performed simultaneously on the same participants. Methods. Twenty healthy volunteers were evaluated with sonography and scintigraphy to estimate the gallbladder EF simultaneously. The gallbladder EF was calculated at 5-minute intervals for 1 hour. Results. The mean El's +/- SD were 66.3% +/- 20% and 49% +/- 29% for sonography and scintigraphy, respectively. The mean times to the peak EF were 38 12 and 33 9 minutes for sonography and scintigraphy. An average time of 34 minutes was noted after radiopharmaceutical injection before CCK administration for the scintigraphic studies. The earliest time to the peak EF for sonography was 15 minutes, and the latest time to the peak EF was 60 minutes (mode, 40 minutes); for scintigraphy, the earliest and latest times were 15 and 50 minutes (mode, 30 minutes), respectively. One participant could not be evaluated secondary to nonfilling of the gallbladder on scintigraphy. There was wider variability of the gallbladder EF with scintigraphy than sonography. Conclusions. Scintigraphy estimated a lower EF than sonography, had wider EF variability than sonography, and required additional time (&gt;30 minutes more) to complete the study. Scintigraphy could not be performed in 5% of the participants because of nonfilling of the gallbladder The use of sonography to estimate the gallbladder EF is less time-consuming and less costly. With these techniques, the range of normal gallbladder El's should be adjusted for the technique used.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.7863/jum.2009.28.9.1143" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.7863/jum.2009.28.9.1143&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="109174">
                <text>Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication</text>
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        <name>Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine</name>
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        <name>Kido T</name>
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        <name>Nuclear Medicine &amp; Medical Imaging</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="109037">
              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-017-1257-6" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-017-1257-6&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="109038">
              <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="109039">
              <text>1128-1133</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="109040">
              <text>5</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="109041">
              <text>43</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;Users with a NEOMED Library login can search for full-text journal articles at the following url: &lt;a href="https://libraryguides.neomed.edu/home"&gt;https://libraryguides.neomed.edu/home&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Contrast enhanced ultrasound for focal liver lesions: how accurate is it?</text>
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                <text>Abdominal Radiology</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2018-05</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>diagnosis; ultrasonography; Radiology; metaanalysis; Nuclear Medicine &amp; Medical Imaging; ct; us; hepatocellular carcinoma; benign; ceus; Contrast enhanced ultrasound; Focal liver lesions; mri; Sensitivity; washout</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Barr R G</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>With the recent FDA approval for characterization of focal liver lesions (FLL) in both pediatric and adult patients using Lumason (sulfur hexafluoride microbubbles), increased use of ultrasound contrast for routine clinical use is expected. This agent has been available for many years in Europe and Asia, and a large body of literature is available regarding the sensitivity and specificity of this agent. In addition, a few studies have directly compared CEUS to CECT and CEMRI for the characterization of focal liver lesions. This paper reviews the literature to provide a background to investigators in the United States as to the accuracy of CEUS in the characterization of FLL. This paper reviews the literature regarding sulfur hexafluoride microbubbles (Lumason in the USA and Sonovue in the rest of the world) since it is the only FDA approved agent in the USA for characterization of FLL. The results of other ultrasound contrast agents which are not FDA approved for abdominal indications (approval for cardiac indications) most likely will have similar results.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-017-1257-6" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.1007/s00261-017-1257-6&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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        <name>CEUS</name>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-017-5235-8" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-017-5235-8&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87906">
              <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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          <name>Pages</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87907">
              <text>2499-2506</text>
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          <name>Issue</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="87908">
              <text>6</text>
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        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Volume</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87909">
              <text>28</text>
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          <description>Locate full-text within NEOMED Library's e-journal collections</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="87910">
              <text>&lt;p&gt;Users with a NEOMED Library login can search for full-text journal articles at the following url: &lt;a href="https://libraryguides.neomed.edu/home"&gt;https://libraryguides.neomed.edu/home&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="87897">
                <text>Initial results of the FUSION-X-US prototype combining 3D automated breast ultrasound and digital breast tomosynthesis</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="87898">
                <text>European Radiology</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2018-06</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="87901">
                <text>Breast; cancer; cancer; combination; dense breasts; future; hhus; Mammography; Multimodal Imaging; Nuclear Medicine &amp; Medical Imaging; program; Radiology; screening mammography; therapy; Ultrasonography; volume; women</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87902">
                <text>Schaefgen B; Heil J; Barr R G; Radicke M; Harcos A; Gomez C; Stieber A; Hennigs A; Von Au A; Spratte J; Rauch G; Rom J; Schutz F; Sohn C; Golatta M</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="87903">
                <text>To determine the feasibility of a prototype device combining 3D-automated breast ultrasound (ABVS) and digital breast tomosynthesis in a single device to detect and characterize breast lesions. In this prospective feasibility study, the FUSION-X-US prototype was used to perform digital breast tomosynthesis and ABVS in 23 patients with an indication for tomosynthesis based on current guidelines after clinical examination and standard imaging. The ABVS and tomosynthesis images of the prototype were interpreted separately by two blinded experts. The study compares the detection and BI-RADSA (R) scores of breast lesions using only the tomosynthesis and ABVS data from the FUSION-X-US prototype to the results of the complete diagnostic workup. Image acquisition and processing by the prototype was fast and accurate, with some limitations in ultrasound coverage and image quality. In the diagnostic workup, 29 solid lesions (23 benign, including three cases with microcalcifications, and six malignant lesions) were identified. Using the prototype, all malignant lesions were detected and classified as malignant or suspicious by both investigators. Solid breast lesions can be localized accurately and fast by the Fusion-X-US system. Technical improvements of the ultrasound image quality and ultrasound coverage are needed to further study this new device. The prototype combines tomosynthesis and automated 3D-ultrasound (ABVS) in one device. It allows accurate detection of malignant lesions, directly correlating tomosynthesis and ABVS data. The diagnostic evaluation of the prototype-acquired data was interpreter-independent. The prototype provides a time-efficient and technically reliable diagnostic procedure. The combination of tomosynthesis and ABVS is a promising diagnostic approach.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-017-5235-8" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.1007/s00330-017-5235-8&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Journal Article</text>
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        <name>dense breasts</name>
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        <name>Heil J</name>
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        <name>Hennigs A</name>
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        <name>hhus</name>
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        <name>Journal Article</name>
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        <name>Mammography</name>
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        <name>Multimodal Imaging</name>
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        <name>Nuclear Medicine &amp; Medical Imaging</name>
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        <name>program</name>
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        <name>Rauch G</name>
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        <name>Rom J</name>
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        <name>Schaefgen B</name>
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        <name>screening mammography</name>
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      <tag tagId="37374">
        <name>Sohn C</name>
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      <tag tagId="37370">
        <name>Spratte J</name>
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      <tag tagId="37367">
        <name>Stieber A</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="14209">
        <name>therapy</name>
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      <tag tagId="451">
        <name>Ultrasonography</name>
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        <name>volume</name>
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      <tag tagId="37369">
        <name>Von Au A</name>
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        <name>Women</name>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1097/00005373-200109000-00022" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1097/00005373-200109000-00022&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
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          <name>Rights</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="85459">
              <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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        <element elementId="55">
          <name>Pages</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="85460">
              <text>545-549</text>
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          <name>Issue</name>
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              <text>3</text>
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        <element elementId="57">
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          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="85462">
              <text>51</text>
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        <element elementId="58">
          <name>Search for Full-text</name>
          <description>Locate full-text within NEOMED Library's e-journal collections</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="85463">
              <text>&lt;p&gt;Users with a NEOMED Library login can search for full-text journal articles at the following url: &lt;a href="https://libraryguides.neomed.edu/home"&gt;https://libraryguides.neomed.edu/home&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Does the presence of ultrasound really affect computed tomographic scan use? A prospective randomized trial of ultrasound in trauma</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="85451">
                <text>Journal of Trauma-Injury Infection and Critical Care</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2001</text>
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                <text>2001-09</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="85454">
                <text>blunt abdominal-trauma; emergency; experience; fluid; General &amp; Internal Medicine; hemoperitoneum; indicator; intraperitoneal; learning-curve; sonography; surgeon-performed ultrasound; Surgery; Ultrasonography</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="85455">
                <text>Rose J S; Levitt M A; Porter J; Hutson A; Greenholtz J; Nobay F; Hilty W</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Objective. There is a paucity of evidence demonstrating that emergency department (ED) ultrasound changes clinical practice in trauma patients. We hypothesized that the presence of ultrasound would affect clinical decision making as evidenced through abdominal computed tomographic WT) scan use in blunt multiple trauma patients. Methods. This study used a prospective randomized format in an urban county ED with Level II trauma center status (ED census, 72,000 patients per year). Participants were patients with multiple blunt injuries meeting trauma center triage criteria. Patients were randomized to receive either abdominal ultrasound or no ultrasound (control) during initial ED resuscitation. The primary outcome variable was use of abdominal CT scan in patients with and without ultrasound. Results. Two hundred eight patients were enrolled. The mean age was 40 +/- 18 years, and 62% were men. Mechanism of injury was motor vehicle crash, 56%; automobile versus pedestrian, 18%; motorcycle crash, 16%; falls, 10%; and other, 10%. One hundred four ultrasound and 104 control patients were analyzed. There were no apparent differences between ultrasound and control groups in demographics, injury type, or Injury Severity Score. Fifty-four of 104 (52%) of the control group received abdominal CT scans versus 37 of 104 (36%) abdominal CT scans for the ultrasound group; mean difference in proportions was 15.9 (p &lt; 0.01; 95% confidence interval, 2.6-29.1). Conclusion. In this trial, the routine use of abdominal ultrasound in the evaluation of patients with multiple blunt injuries resulted in significantly fewer abdominal CT scans being obtained. A larger trial is needed to more clearly define the clinical and financial impact of ultrasound in the management of blunt abdominal trauma.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1097/00005373-200109000-00022" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.1097/00005373-200109000-00022&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Journal Article</text>
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        <name>2001</name>
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        <name>blunt abdominal-trauma</name>
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        <name>Emergency</name>
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        <name>experience</name>
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        <name>fluid</name>
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        <name>General &amp; Internal Medicine</name>
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        <name>Greenholtz J</name>
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        <name>hemoperitoneum</name>
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        <name>Hilty W</name>
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        <name>indicator</name>
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        <name>Journal of Trauma-Injury Infection and Critical Care</name>
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        <name>learning-curve</name>
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      <tag tagId="36580">
        <name>Levitt M A</name>
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        <name>Nobay F</name>
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      <tag tagId="36581">
        <name>Porter J</name>
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      <tag tagId="36579">
        <name>Rose J S</name>
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      <tag tagId="36577">
        <name>sonography</name>
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        <name>surgeon-performed ultrasound</name>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="55">
          <name>Pages</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="70110">
              <text>17–24, 27</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
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          <name>Issue</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="70111">
              <text>4</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Volume</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="70112">
              <text>6</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70103">
                <text>Reexamining interstitial radiotherapy for PCa.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70104">
                <text>Contemporary urology</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70105">
                <text>1994</text>
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                <text>1994-04</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="70107">
                <text>Humans; Male; Ultrasonography; Treatment Outcome; Forecasting; *Brachytherapy/adverse effects/instrumentation/methods/trends; *Radioisotopes/adverse effects; Prostatectomy; Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging/*radiotherapy; Dose-Response Relationship; Radiation</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70108">
                <text>Summers J L</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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        <name>*Brachytherapy/adverse effects/instrumentation/methods/trends</name>
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        <name>*Radioisotopes/adverse effects</name>
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      <tag tagId="1274">
        <name>1994</name>
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        <name>Contemporary urology</name>
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        <name>Dose-Response Relationship</name>
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        <name>Forecasting</name>
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      <tag tagId="8">
        <name>Humans</name>
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      <tag tagId="24">
        <name>Male</name>
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      <tag tagId="17215">
        <name>Prostatectomy</name>
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      <tag tagId="30037">
        <name>Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging/*radiotherapy</name>
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      <tag tagId="3854">
        <name>Radiation</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2477">
        <name>Summers J L</name>
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        <name>Treatment Outcome</name>
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          <name>Pages</name>
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              <text>900–902</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="67866">
              <text>5</text>
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          <name>Volume</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="67867">
              <text>78</text>
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                <text>Severe nonimmune hydrops secondary to parvovirus B-19 infection: Spontaneous reversal in utero and survival of a term infant.</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Obstetrics and gynecology</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>1991-11</text>
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                <text>Female; Humans; Male; Ultrasonography; Pregnancy; *Pregnancy Complications; Pre-Eclampsia/*complications; Erythema Infectiosum/blood/*complications/prevention &amp; control; Hydrops Fetalis/blood/diagnostic imaging/*etiology; Immunoglobulin Allotypes/analysis; Immunoglobulin G; Prenatal; Infectious</text>
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                <text>Humphrey W; Magoon M; O'Shaughnessy R</text>
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                <text>We present a case of intrauterine infection with parvovirus B-19 and accompanying severe nonimmune hydrops at 26 weeks' gestation. The fetus showed progressive recovery on ultrasound. A term infant was delivered with hepatosplenomegaly as the only abnormality.</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="67864">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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        <name>*Pregnancy Complications</name>
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        <name>1991</name>
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        <name>Erythema Infectiosum/blood/*complications/prevention &amp; control</name>
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        <name>Female</name>
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      <tag tagId="8">
        <name>Humans</name>
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      <tag tagId="20035">
        <name>Humphrey W</name>
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      <tag tagId="29610">
        <name>Hydrops Fetalis/blood/diagnostic imaging/*etiology</name>
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        <name>Immunoglobulin Allotypes/analysis</name>
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        <name>Immunoglobulin G</name>
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        <name>Infectious</name>
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      <tag tagId="29611">
        <name>Magoon M</name>
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        <name>Male</name>
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        <name>O'Shaughnessy R</name>
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        <name>Obstetrics and gynecology</name>
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        <name>Pre-Eclampsia/*complications</name>
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      <tag tagId="671">
        <name>Pregnancy</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="19279">
        <name>Prenatal</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="451">
        <name>Ultrasonography</name>
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      <name>Text</name>
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          <name>URL Address</name>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.7863/ultra.16.01024" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.7863/ultra.16.01024&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <name>Pages</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="65966">
              <text>243–247</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="65967">
              <text>2</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="65968">
              <text>36</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="65956">
                <text>Effect of Precompression on the Power Doppler Assessment of Breast Lesion Vascularity.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65957">
                <text>Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65958">
                <text>2017</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="65959">
                <text>2017-02</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="65960">
                <text>Adult; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Aged; Ultrasonography; Sensitivity and Specificity; breast cancer; breast ultrasound; Image-Guided Biopsy; *Ultrasonography; breast mass; Breast Neoplasms/*blood supply/*diagnostic imaging/pathology; Breast/blood supply/diagnostic imaging/pathology; power Doppler sonography; precompression; preload; vascularity; Color; Diagnosis; 80 and over; Differential; Doppler; Neovascularization; Interventional; Mammary; Pathologic/diagnostic imaging/*pathology</text>
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                <text>DeVita Robert; Barr Richard G</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of precompression on power Doppler visualization of blood flow in breast masses. METHODS: This Institutional Review Board-approved and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant study evaluated 30 patients with breast masses (16 benign and 14 malignant) undergoing ultrasound-guided breast biopsy. A computational mathematics program was used to calculate the number of color pixels in a region of interest at various degrees of compression of the breast by the transducer. The amount of precompression was calculated as previously described. The percentage of color pixels compared to minimal compression was plotted against the percentage of precompression. The amount of precompression needed to decrease the number of color pixels by 50% and 100% was calculated. The differences between benign and malignant lesions were compared. RESULTS: The mean percentages of precompression +/- SD needed to decrease the number of color voxels by 50% in were 15.9% +/- 6.43% (range, 8%-30%) for benign lesions and 14.0% +/- 4.17% (range, 8%-20%) for malignant lesions (P = .35). The percentages of precompression needed to decrease the number of color pixels by 100% in were 34.7% +/- 12.33% (range, 23%-62%) for benign lesions and for malignant lesions 26.7% +/- 3.89% (range, 18%-31%), which were statistically significant (P = .027). CONCLUSIONS: The amount of precompression normally used when obtaining B-mode images can substantially decrease the number of color voxels on power Doppler sonography. When performing quantitative work on Doppler evaluation of breast lesions, precompression needs to be controlled.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.7863/ultra.16.01024" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.7863/ultra.16.01024&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65965">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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          </element>
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        <name>Aged</name>
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      <tag tagId="2087">
        <name>Barr Richard G</name>
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      <tag tagId="2115">
        <name>breast cancer</name>
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      <tag tagId="8514">
        <name>Breast mass</name>
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        <name>Breast Neoplasms/*blood supply/*diagnostic imaging/pathology</name>
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        <name>breast ultrasound</name>
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        <name>Breast/blood supply/diagnostic imaging/pathology</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3040">
        <name>Color</name>
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      <tag tagId="2088">
        <name>DeVita Robert</name>
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        <name>Diagnosis</name>
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        <name>Differential</name>
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        <name>Doppler</name>
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        <name>Female</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="8">
        <name>Humans</name>
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        <name>Image-Guided Biopsy</name>
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        <name>Interventional</name>
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        <name>Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine</name>
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        <name>Middle Aged</name>
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      <tag tagId="2223">
        <name>Neovascularization</name>
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      <tag tagId="29247">
        <name>Pathologic/diagnostic imaging/*pathology</name>
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        <name>power Doppler sonography</name>
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      <tag tagId="19299">
        <name>precompression</name>
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      <tag tagId="19300">
        <name>preload</name>
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        <name>Sensitivity and Specificity</name>
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        <name>Ultrasonography</name>
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      <tag tagId="19301">
        <name>vascularity</name>
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      <name>Text</name>
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          <name>URL Address</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="65951">
              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.7863/ultra.15.09041" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.7863/ultra.15.09041&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <name>Pages</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="65953">
              <text>1791–1797</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="56">
          <name>Issue</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="65954">
              <text>8</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Volume</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="65955">
              <text>35</text>
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      </elementContainer>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="65943">
                <text>Sonographic Elastography of Mastitis.</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65944">
                <text>Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="65945">
                <text>2016</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="65946">
                <text>2016-08</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="65947">
                <text>Adult; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Aged; Retrospective Studies; Ultrasonography; Sensitivity and Specificity; breast; breast ultrasound; Breast/diagnostic imaging; Elasticity Imaging Techniques/*methods; elastography; mastitis; Mastitis/*diagnostic imaging; shear wave elastography; strain elastography; Diagnosis; Differential; Computer-Assisted; Image Interpretation; Mammary/*methods</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Sousaris Nicholas; Barr Richard G</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="65949">
                <text>Sonographic elastography has been shown to be a useful imaging modality in characterizing breast lesions as benign or malignant. However, in preliminary research, mastitis has given false-positive findings on both strain and shear wave elastography. In this article, we review the findings in mastitis with and without abscess formation on both strain and shear wave elastography. The elastographic findings in all cases were suggestive of a malignancy according to published thresholds. In cases of mastitis with abscess formation, there is a characteristic appearance, with a central very soft area (abscess cavity) and a very stiff outer rim (edema and inflammation). This appearance should raise the suspicion of mastitis with abscess formation, since these findings are rare in breast cancers.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.7863/ultra.15.09041" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.7863/ultra.15.09041&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65952">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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        <name>2016</name>
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        <name>Adult</name>
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        <name>Aged</name>
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        <name>Barr Richard G</name>
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        <name>breast</name>
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        <name>breast ultrasound</name>
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        <name>Breast/diagnostic imaging</name>
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        <name>elastography</name>
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      <tag tagId="38">
        <name>Female</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="8">
        <name>Humans</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="8518">
        <name>Image Interpretation</name>
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      <tag tagId="2074">
        <name>Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine</name>
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      <tag tagId="24606">
        <name>Mammary/*methods</name>
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      <tag tagId="19294">
        <name>mastitis</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="29245">
        <name>Mastitis/*diagnostic imaging</name>
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      <tag tagId="26">
        <name>Middle Aged</name>
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        <name>Retrospective Studies</name>
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        <name>Shear wave elastography</name>
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      <tag tagId="13051">
        <name>Sousaris Nicholas</name>
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      <tag tagId="8694">
        <name>Strain elastography</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="451">
        <name>Ultrasonography</name>
      </tag>
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  <item itemId="5288" public="1" featured="1">
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="53">
          <name>URL Address</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="65938">
              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.7863/jum.2012.31.6.895" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.7863/jum.2012.31.6.895&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <name>Pages</name>
          <description/>
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              <text>895–902</text>
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        <element elementId="56">
          <name>Issue</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="65941">
              <text>6</text>
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        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Volume</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="65942">
              <text>31</text>
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                <text>Effects of precompression on elasticity imaging of the breast: development of a clinically useful semiquantitative method of precompression assessment.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65931">
                <text>Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine</text>
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                <text>2012</text>
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                <text>2012-06</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
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              <elementText elementTextId="65934">
                <text>Adult; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Young Adult; Ultrasonography; Sensitivity and Specificity; Breast Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging; Reproducibility of Results; Elasticity Imaging Techniques/*methods; *Algorithms; Artifacts; Image Enhancement/methods; Palpation/*methods; Image Interpretation; Mammary/*methods; Computer-Assisted/*methods</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65935">
                <text>Barr Richard G; Zhang Zheng</text>
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                <text>OBJECTIVES: Elastography of the breast is a new technique for characterization of breast lesions. The reproducibility of elastographic techniques has been questioned. Precompression is known to effect elastographic results. This study determined the effect of precompression on clinical images and proposes a method to semiquantify the amount of precompression applied. METHODS: Ten patients with different breast tissue types were evaluated with shear wave and strain elastography with varying amounts of precompression. The changes in the shear wave speed and images were documented. A semiquantitative method for determining the amount of precompression applied is presented. The reproducibility of the technique was determine by repeated measurements by 3 sonographers. RESULTS: Precompression substantially changes the elastographic results of patient images on both strain and shear wave elastography. Fat can have the same elasticity as cancer with clinically possible amounts of precompression. The proposed method for determining the amount of precompression applied has variability of less than 10%, which is within the error of the technique and would not affect clinical results. Four zones of precompression are identified, which are useful for explaining the effects of precompression on both strain and shear wave imaging. CONCLUSIONS: Precompression is a substantial factor in obtaining accurate results with elastography. A proposed simple, easily applied technique can be used to semiquantify the amount of precompression applied. Precompression should be minimized in obtaining breast clinical images.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="65937">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.7863/jum.2012.31.6.895" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.7863/jum.2012.31.6.895&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65939">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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        <name>Adult</name>
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        <name>Artifacts</name>
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      <tag tagId="2087">
        <name>Barr Richard G</name>
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      <tag tagId="21830">
        <name>Breast Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging</name>
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        <name>Computer-Assisted/*methods</name>
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        <name>Elasticity Imaging Techniques/*methods</name>
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        <name>Female</name>
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        <name>Humans</name>
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        <name>Image Enhancement/methods</name>
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        <name>Image Interpretation</name>
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        <name>Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine</name>
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        <name>Sensitivity and Specificity</name>
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        <name>Ultrasonography</name>
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        <name>Young Adult</name>
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      <tag tagId="14247">
        <name>Zhang Zheng</name>
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        <element elementId="53">
          <name>URL Address</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="65925">
              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.7863/jum.2012.31.3.347" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.7863/jum.2012.31.3.347&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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        <element elementId="55">
          <name>Pages</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="65927">
              <text>347–350</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="56">
          <name>Issue</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="65928">
              <text>3</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Volume</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="65929">
              <text>31</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65918">
                <text>Shear wave imaging of the breast: still on the learning curve.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65919">
                <text>Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65920">
                <text>2012</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="65921">
                <text>2012-03</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65922">
                <text>Female; Humans; Ultrasonography; Breast Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging; Elasticity Imaging Techniques/*methods; Mammary/*methods</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65923">
                <text>Barr Richard G</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65924">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.7863/jum.2012.31.3.347" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.7863/jum.2012.31.3.347&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65926">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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        <name>2012</name>
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      <tag tagId="2087">
        <name>Barr Richard G</name>
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        <name>Breast Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="24602">
        <name>Elasticity Imaging Techniques/*methods</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="38">
        <name>Female</name>
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      <tag tagId="8">
        <name>Humans</name>
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      <tag tagId="2074">
        <name>Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="24606">
        <name>Mammary/*methods</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="451">
        <name>Ultrasonography</name>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="5286" public="1" featured="1">
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="53">
          <name>URL Address</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="65913">
              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.7863/jum.2009.28.1.77" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.7863/jum.2009.28.1.77&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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        <element elementId="55">
          <name>Pages</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="65915">
              <text>77–80</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="56">
          <name>Issue</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="65916">
              <text>1</text>
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        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Volume</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="65917">
              <text>28</text>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="65906">
                <text>Extra-amniotic pregnancy with fetal gastroschisis and clubfoot.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65907">
                <text>Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65908">
                <text>2009</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="65909">
                <text>2009-01</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65910">
                <text>Female; Humans; Ultrasonography; Pregnancy; Amnion/diagnostic imaging; Clubfoot/*diagnostic imaging/embryology; Gastroschisis/*diagnostic imaging/embryology; Abnormalities; Ectopic/*diagnostic imaging; Multiple/*diagnostic imaging; Prenatal/*methods</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65911">
                <text>Baca Diana; Thomas Ronald L; Celebrezze Jennifer U; Golde Steven H</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.7863/jum.2009.28.1.77" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.7863/jum.2009.28.1.77&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65914">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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        <name>2009</name>
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      <tag tagId="4314">
        <name>Abnormalities</name>
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      <tag tagId="19284">
        <name>Amnion/diagnostic imaging</name>
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      <tag tagId="19289">
        <name>Baca Diana</name>
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      <tag tagId="19291">
        <name>Celebrezze Jennifer U</name>
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        <name>Clubfoot/*diagnostic imaging/embryology</name>
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        <name>Ectopic/*diagnostic imaging</name>
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      <tag tagId="38">
        <name>Female</name>
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      <tag tagId="29240">
        <name>Gastroschisis/*diagnostic imaging/embryology</name>
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      <tag tagId="19292">
        <name>Golde Steven H</name>
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      <tag tagId="8">
        <name>Humans</name>
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      <tag tagId="2074">
        <name>Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine</name>
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      <tag tagId="29242">
        <name>Multiple/*diagnostic imaging</name>
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      <tag tagId="671">
        <name>Pregnancy</name>
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      <tag tagId="29243">
        <name>Prenatal/*methods</name>
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      <tag tagId="19290">
        <name>Thomas Ronald L</name>
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        <name>Ultrasonography</name>
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  <item itemId="5239" public="1" featured="1">
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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          <description/>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.4293/JSLS.2017.00013" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.4293/JSLS.2017.00013&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <name>Issue</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="65322">
              <text>2</text>
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          <name>Volume</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="65323">
              <text>21</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65312">
                <text>Laparoscopic Splenectomy in Hemodynamically Stable Blunt Trauma.</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65313">
                <text>JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65314">
                <text>2017</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="65315">
                <text>2017-06</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65316">
                <text>Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Ultrasonography; Treatment Outcome; trauma; *Hemodynamics; Abdominal Injuries/diagnosis/physiopathology/*surgery; laparoscopic surgery; Laparoscopy/*methods; laparotomy; nonpenetrating wounds; Spleen/*injuries/surgery; splenectomy; Splenectomy/*methods; Tomography; X-Ray Computed; Wounds; Nonpenetrating/*surgery</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65317">
                <text>Huang Gregory S; Chance Elisha A; Hileman Barbara M; Emerick Eric S; Gianetti Emily A</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65318">
                <text>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: No criteria define indications for laparoscopic splenectomy in trauma. This investigation compared characteristics of trauma patients and outcomes between laparoscopic and open splenectomies. METHODS: Patients were identified retrospectively by using ICD-9 codes. Included patients were 18 or older, with a blunt splenic injury from January 1, 2011, through December 31, 2014, and required splenectomy. Excluded patients had penetrating trauma, successful nonoperative management, or successful embolization. Variables included demographics, presenting characteristics, injury severity scores, abdominal abbreviated injury scores, splenic injury grade, surgical indication and approach (open or laparoscopic), surgery length, intra-operative blood loss, transfusions, length of stay, complications, mortality, and discharge disposition. RESULTS: Forty-one patients underwent open splenectomy, and 11 underwent laparoscopic splenectomy. The mean age was 48.7 years, and men comprised the sample majority (36/52). The groups were well matched for age, abdominal injury scores, and admission vital signs. The open group had a significantly lower level of consciousness and more acidosis compared with the laparoscopic group. Most laparoscopic splenectomies were performed after failed nonoperative management or embolization. The indications for open splenectomy were a positive focused assessment with sonography for trauma and computed tomography results. Laparoscopic patients had significantly longer times between presentation and surgery and longer operations, but had significantly less blood loss and fewer transfusions compared with the open group. There were no differences in mortality, length of stay, complications, or discharge dispositions. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic splenectomy is useful in patients with blunt trauma in whom conservative management produced no improvement and who do not have other injuries to preclude laparoscopy.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.4293/JSLS.2017.00013" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.4293/JSLS.2017.00013&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65321">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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        <name>*Hemodynamics</name>
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        <name>Abdominal Injuries/diagnosis/physiopathology/*surgery</name>
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        <name>Chance Elisha A</name>
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      <tag tagId="19037">
        <name>Emerick Eric S</name>
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        <name>Female</name>
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      <tag tagId="19038">
        <name>Gianetti Emily A</name>
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      <tag tagId="2975">
        <name>Hileman Barbara M</name>
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        <name>Huang Gregory S</name>
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                <text>Congenital anomaly of the inferior vena cava and factor V Leiden mutation predisposing to deep vein thrombosis.</text>
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                <text>Humans; Male; Young Adult; Ultrasonography; *Mutation; Risk Factors; Predictive Value of Tests; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Activated Protein C Resistance/*complications/diagnosis/drug therapy/genetics; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use; deep vein thrombosis (DVT); DNA Mutational Analysis; Factor V/*genetics; inferior vena cava (IVC); lower extremities; Phlebography/methods; thrombophilic; Vascular Malformations/*complications/diagnosis; venography; Venous Thrombosis/diagnosis/drug therapy/*etiology/genetics; Mutation; Tomography; Human; X-Ray Computed; Sequence Analysis; Vena Cava; Inferior/*abnormalities/diagnostic imaging; Venous Thrombosis; Blood Coagulation Factors; Disease Susceptibility; Hematologic Diseases; Venous Thrombosis – Drug Therapy; Anticoagulants – Therapeutic Use; Hematologic Diseases – Complications; Hematologic Diseases – Diagnosis; Hematologic Diseases – Drug Therapy; Inferior – Abnormalities; Inferior – Radiography; Inferior – Ultrasonography; Phlebography – Methods; Vascular Malformations – Complications; Vascular Malformations – Diagnosis; Venous Thrombosis – Diagnosis; Venous Thrombosis – Etiology</text>
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                <text>A previously healthy 21-year-old man presented with back pain, bilateral extremity pain, and right lower extremity weakness, paresthesias, and swelling. Sonographic examination revealed diffuse deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the femoral and popliteal venous system. CT imaging revealed hypoplasia of the hepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) segment with formation of multiple varices and collateral veins around the kidneys. Hematologic workup also discovered a factor V Leiden mutation, further predisposing the patient to DVT. The rare, often overlooked occurrence of attenuated IVC, especially in the setting of hypercoagulable state, can predispose patients to significant thrombosis.</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200087" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200087&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>e0200087–e0200087</text>
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              <text>7</text>
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                <text>Twin-twin transfusion syndrome screening and diagnosis in the United States: A triangulation design of patient experiences.</text>
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                <text>Adult; Female; Humans; Retrospective Studies; Ultrasonography; Cross-Sectional Studies; Fetofetal Transfusion/*diagnosis/*diagnostic imaging/*epidemiology; Gestational Age; Patient Reported Outcome Measures; Pregnancy; Prenatal Care/methods; Ultrasonography/methods; United States; Prenatal/methods</text>
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                <text>Fischbein Rebecca; Nicholas Lauren; Aultman Julie; Baughman Kristin; Falletta Lynn</text>
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                <text>OBJECTIVE: Using patient-reported experiences, this study: 1) quantitatively evaluated TTTS screening trends, 2) examined screening and diagnostic experiences using a mixed methods approach, and 3) determined gaps in clinical care experiences. DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study. Data was collected using a self-report, retrospective survey. A triangulation design was used to validate quantitative survey data with thematically analyzed qualitative data. SETTING: Participants were recruited through social media and national foundations and completed the survey online. PARTICIPANTS: Participants were 312 women who completed a TTTS pregnancy in the United States, representing the largest survey of participants who have experienced TTTS. METHODS: Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were conducted. Multivariate logistic regression examined predictors of ultrasound frequency. Qualitative data were initially coded by hand and checked using qualitative software. RESULTS: The percentages of participants reporting guideline recommended screening, including identification of pregnancy type by gestational week 13 and timely receipt of ultrasounds, increased over time. However, 44.6% of participants diagnosed in recent years (2014 and later), reported that prior to TTTS diagnosis, they did not receive biweekly or more frequent ultrasounds. Three patient-reported provider practices were related to receiving ultrasounds at the recommended frequency: (1) determining MCDA status prior to gestational week 14, (2) providing participants with early warnings about the risk of TTTS to their pregnancies after MCDA status had been determined, and (3) referring participants to a Maternal-Fetal Medicine Specialist after MCDA identification, as validated by qualitative data. Our qualitative data revealed gaps in effective clinical care experiences among OB/GYN and specialist providers. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate screening and diagnosis for TTTS, as reported by patients, is improving in the United States; however, further efforts are required to ensure all patients receive appropriate screening, education and a team-based approach to comprehensive and supportive clinical care.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200087" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.1371/journal.pone.0200087&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="61897">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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        <name>College of Graduate Studies</name>
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        <name>Retrospective Studies</name>
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      <tag tagId="451">
        <name>Ultrasonography</name>
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        <name>Ultrasonography/methods</name>
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        <name>United States</name>
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      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.90629.2008" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.90629.2008&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>L487–495</text>
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              <text>3</text>
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              <text>297</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="57730">
                <text>Beta-adrenoceptor stimulation of alveolar fluid clearance is increased in rats with heart failure.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="57731">
                <text>American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2009</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="57733">
                <text>2009-09</text>
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                <text>Adrenergic; Animals; beta/*metabolism; Body Fluids/*metabolism; Epithelial Cells/drug effects/metabolism/pathology; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects; Heart Failure/blood/diagnostic imaging/*metabolism/*pathology; Hormones/blood; Hyperplasia; Ion Channels/genetics/metabolism; Male; Messenger/genetics/metabolism; Myocardial Infarction/blood/diagnostic imaging/pathology; Pulmonary Alveoli/drug effects/*pathology; Rats; Receptors; RNA; Sprague-Dawley; Terbutaline/pharmacology; Ultrasonography</text>
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                <text>Maron Michael B; Luther Daniel J; Pilati Charles F; Ohanyan Vahagn; Li Tianbo; Koshy Shyny; Horne Walter I; Meszaros J Gary; Walro Jon M; Folkesson Hans G</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="57736">
                <text>The alveolar epithelium plays a critical role in resolving pulmonary edema. We thus hypothesized that its function might be upregulated in rats with heart failure, a condition that severely challenges the lung's ability to maintain fluid balance. Heart failure was induced by left coronary artery ligation. Echocardiographic and cardiovascular hemodynamics confirmed its development at 16 wk postligation. At that time, alveolar fluid clearance was measured by an increase in protein concentration over 1 h of a 5% albumin solution instilled into the lungs. Baseline alveolar fluid clearance was similar in heart failure and age-matched control rats. Terbutaline was added to the instillate to determine whether heart failure rats responded to beta-adrenoceptor stimulation. Alveolar fluid clearance in heart failure rats was increased by 194% after terbutaline stimulation compared with a 153% increase by terbutaline in control rats. To determine the mechanisms responsible for this accelerated alveolar fluid clearance, we measured ion transporter expression (ENaC, Na-K- ATPase, CFTR). No significant upregulation was observed for these ion transporters in the heart failure rats. Lung morphology showed significant alveolar epithelial type II cell hyperplasia in heart failure rats. Thus, alveolar epithelial type II cell hyperplasia is the likely explanation for the increased terbutaline-stimulated alveolar fluid clearance in heart failure rats. These data provide evidence for previously unrecognized mechanisms that can protect against or hasten resolution of alveolar edema in heart failure.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="57737">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.90629.2008" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.1152/ajplung.90629.2008&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="57739">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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          </element>
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        <name>2009</name>
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      <tag tagId="5080">
        <name>Adrenergic</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="14619">
        <name>American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="123">
        <name>Animals</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="27413">
        <name>beta/*metabolism</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="23158">
        <name>Body Fluids/*metabolism</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="32956">
        <name>Department of Integrative Medical Sciences</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="14727">
        <name>Epithelial Cells/drug effects/metabolism/pathology</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="937">
        <name>Folkesson Hans G</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2261">
        <name>Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="27430">
        <name>Heart Failure/blood/diagnostic imaging/*metabolism/*pathology</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="14729">
        <name>Hormones/blood</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10062">
        <name>Horne Walter I</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="13003">
        <name>Hyperplasia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="14730">
        <name>Ion Channels/genetics/metabolism</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="14658">
        <name>Koshy Shyny</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="935">
        <name>Li Tianbo</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2756">
        <name>Luther Daniel J</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="24">
        <name>Male</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="14281">
        <name>Maron Michael B</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1803">
        <name>Messenger/genetics/metabolism</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2757">
        <name>Meszaros J Gary</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="14731">
        <name>Myocardial Infarction/blood/diagnostic imaging/pathology</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="32953">
        <name>NEOMED College of Medicine</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="22237">
        <name>Ohanyan Vahagn</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="14491">
        <name>Pilati Charles F</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="27431">
        <name>Pulmonary Alveoli/drug effects/*pathology</name>
      </tag>
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        <name>Rats</name>
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      <tag tagId="551">
        <name>Receptors</name>
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      <tag tagId="1131">
        <name>RNA</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="473">
        <name>Sprague-Dawley</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="14624">
        <name>Terbutaline/pharmacology</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="451">
        <name>Ultrasonography</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2318">
        <name>Walro Jon M</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
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      <name>Text</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="56809">
              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.14132404" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.14132404&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <name>Pages</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="56811">
              <text>45–53</text>
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          <name>Issue</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="56812">
              <text>1</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Volume</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="56813">
              <text>275</text>
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        </element>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="56801">
                <text>Shear-wave elastography of the breast: value of a quality measure and comparison with strain elastography.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="56802">
                <text>Radiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="56803">
                <text>2015</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="56804">
                <text>2015-04</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="56805">
                <text>80 and over; 80 and Over; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Biopsy; Breast Neoplasms – Pathology; Breast Neoplasms – Radiography; Breast Neoplasms – Ultrasonography; Breast Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging/pathology; Elasticity Imaging Techniques/*methods; Female; Human; Humans; Mammary/*methods; Mammography; Middle Age; Middle Aged; Needle; Predictive Value of Tests; Sensitivity and Specificity; Signal-To-Noise Ratio; Ultrasonography; Ultrasonography – Methods</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="56806">
                <text>Barr Richard G; Zhang Zheng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="56807">
                <text>PURPOSE: To determine whether addition of quality measure (QM) of shear-wave (SW) velocity (Vs) estimation can increase SW elastography sensitivity for breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: With written informed consent, this institutional review board-approved, HIPAA-compliant study included 143 women (mean age, 48.5 years +/- 8.7) scheduled for breast biopsy. Mean lesion size was 16.4 mm +/- 11.8; 95 (66%) lesions were benign; 48 (34%), malignant. If more than one lesion was present, lesion with highest Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category was chosen. If there were more than one with highest BI-RADS category, a lesion was randomly selected. Conventional ultrasonography (US), strain elastography, and SW elastography were performed with QM. QM assesses SW quality to provide accurate Vs. Lesions were evaluated for Vs and QM (high or low). Lesions with Vs of less than 4.5 m/sec were classified benign; lesions with Vs of 4.5 m/sec or greater, malignant. Results were correlated with pathologic findings. Vs data with or without incorporating QM were used to determine SW elastography diagnostic performance. Binomial proportions and exact 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. RESULTS: In 95 benign lesions, 13 (14%) had no SW elastography signal; 77 (81%), Vs of less than 4.5 m/sec; and five (5%), Vs of 4.5 m/sec or greater. In 48 malignant lesions, eight (17%) had no SW elastography signal; 20 (42%), Vs of less than 4.5 m/sec; and 20 (42%), V of 4.5 m/sec or greater. QM was low in 17 of 20 (85%) malignant lesions with Vs of less than 4.5 m/sec. Without QM, using Vs of 4.5 m/sec or greater as test positive, SW elastography had lesion-level sensitivity of 50% (95% CI: 34%, 66%); specificity, 94% (95% CI: 86%, 98%); positive predictive value (PPV), 80% (95% CI: 59%, 93%); and negative predictive value (NPV), 79% (95% CI: 70%, 87%). Using QM where additional lesions with both low Vs and low QM were treated as test positive, SW elastography had lesion-level sensitivity of 93% (95% CI: 80%, 98%); specificity, 89% (95% CI: 80%, 95%); PPV, 80% (95% CI: 66%, 91%); and NPV, 96% (95% CI: 89%, 99%). CONCLUSION: Addition of QM can improve SW elastography sensitivity, with no significant change in specificity.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="56808">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.14132404" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.1148/radiol.14132404&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="56810">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
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        <name>2015</name>
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        <name>80 and over</name>
      </tag>
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        <name>Adolescence</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="149">
        <name>Adolescent</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="36">
        <name>Adult</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="175">
        <name>Aged</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2087">
        <name>Barr Richard G</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="253">
        <name>Biopsy</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="26654">
        <name>Breast Neoplasms – Pathology</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="27226">
        <name>Breast Neoplasms – Radiography</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="24600">
        <name>Breast Neoplasms – Ultrasonography</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="26655">
        <name>Breast Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging/pathology</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="24602">
        <name>Elasticity Imaging Techniques/*methods</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="38">
        <name>Female</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1801">
        <name>Human</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="8">
        <name>Humans</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="24606">
        <name>Mammary/*methods</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="6158">
        <name>Mammography</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="21145">
        <name>Middle Age</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="26">
        <name>Middle Aged</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="261">
        <name>Needle</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="177">
        <name>Predictive Value of Tests</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="14245">
        <name>Radiology</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="448">
        <name>Sensitivity and Specificity</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="14246">
        <name>Signal-To-Noise Ratio</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="451">
        <name>Ultrasonography</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="24612">
        <name>Ultrasonography – Methods</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="14247">
        <name>Zhang Zheng</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="53">
          <name>URL Address</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="56113">
              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1111/tbj.13050" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1111/tbj.13050&lt;/a&gt;</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="55">
          <name>Pages</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="56115">
              <text>820–822</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="56">
          <name>Issue</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="56116">
              <text>5</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Volume</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="56117">
              <text>24</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="56105">
                <text>Radiographically guided shave margins may reduce lumpectomy re-excision rates.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="56106">
                <text>The breast journal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="56107">
                <text>2018</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="56108">
                <text>2018-09</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="56109">
                <text>breast conservation; Breast Neoplasms – Surgery; Computer-Assisted; cost reduction; Cost Savings; Data Analysis; Data Analysis Software; Descriptive Statistics; Human; Intraoperative Period; Lumpectomy – Methods; re-excision; Reoperation – Trends; Statistical; Surgery; Ultrasonography; ultrasound</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="56110">
                <text>Larson Kelsey E; Jadeja Priya; Marko Alison; Jadeja Veeraj; Pratt Debra</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="56111">
                <text>Minimizing margin re-excision optimizes patient care by providing appropriate oncologic resection and reducing costs. This study aims to assess margin positivity rate in two groups: shave margin based on gross specimen (control group, CG) vs shave margin based on intraoperative imaging (radiographic group, RG). A total of 182 patients who underwent lumpectomy for stage O-III breast cancer at a single institution from January 2013 to January 2014 were evaluated. There was statistically significant decrease in margin re-excision rate with intraoperative mammography but not with ultrasound. Surgeons are ideally equipped to use intraoperative imaging to guide margin excision, thus, improving care and reducing costs.</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="56112">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1111/tbj.13050" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.1111/tbj.13050&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="56114">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="275">
        <name>2018</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="13802">
        <name>breast conservation</name>
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        <name>Breast Neoplasms – Surgery</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="7744">
        <name>Computer-Assisted</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="13803">
        <name>cost reduction</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="63">
        <name>Cost Savings</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="27077">
        <name>Data Analysis</name>
      </tag>
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        <name>Data Analysis Software</name>
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        <name>Descriptive Statistics</name>
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      <tag tagId="1801">
        <name>Human</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="27078">
        <name>Intraoperative Period</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="13806">
        <name>Jadeja Priya</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="13808">
        <name>Jadeja Veeraj</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="13805">
        <name>Larson Kelsey E</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="27079">
        <name>Lumpectomy – Methods</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="13807">
        <name>Marko Alison</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="13809">
        <name>Pratt Debra</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="13804">
        <name>re-excision</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="23323">
        <name>Reoperation – Trends</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="819">
        <name>Statistical</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="8623">
        <name>Surgery</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10370">
        <name>The breast journal</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="451">
        <name>Ultrasonography</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2085">
        <name>Ultrasound</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="4411" public="1" featured="1">
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="53">
          <name>URL Address</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="54884">
              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1097/RUQ.0b013e3182a00fc4" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1097/RUQ.0b013e3182a00fc4&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="55">
          <name>Pages</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="54886">
              <text>205–209</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="56">
          <name>Issue</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="54887">
              <text>3</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Volume</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="54888">
              <text>29</text>
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        </element>
      </elementContainer>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="54876">
                <text>Lung cancer metastatic to breast: case report and review of the literature.</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="54877">
                <text>Ultrasound quarterly</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2013</text>
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                <text>2013-09</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="54880">
                <text>Adenocarcinoma; Adenocarcinoma – Ultrasonography; Adenocarcinoma/*diagnostic imaging/*secondary; Breast Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms – Ultrasonography; Breast Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging/*secondary; Diagnosis; Differential; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms – Ultrasonography; Lung Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging; Mammary/*methods; Middle Age; Middle Aged; Ultrasonography; Ultrasonography – Methods</text>
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                <text>Sousaris Nicholas; Mendelsohn Geoffrey; Barr Richard G</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The incidence of metastases to the breast from nonbreast carcinoma is less than 1% of all breast cancers; of these, adenocarcinoma of the lung to breast is a small proportion (\textless0.1% of breast carcinomas). The imaging findings of a case of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma to the breast are presented with a review of the literature. Imaging findings including elastography suggesting the breast mass is not a primary breast cancer are highlighted. The importance of notifying the pathologist that nonbreast metastatic disease is in the differential is discussed. The use of appropriate tumor markers is needed; otherwise, the lesion may be interpreted as a triple negative breast cancer.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1097/RUQ.0b013e3182a00fc4" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.1097/RUQ.0b013e3182a00fc4&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="54885">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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        <name>Adenocarcinoma</name>
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        <name>Adenocarcinoma – Ultrasonography</name>
      </tag>
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        <name>Adenocarcinoma/*diagnostic imaging/*secondary</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2087">
        <name>Barr Richard G</name>
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        <name>Breast Neoplasms</name>
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        <name>Breast Neoplasms – Ultrasonography</name>
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        <name>Breast Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging/*secondary</name>
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        <name>Diagnosis</name>
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        <name>Female</name>
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        <name>Humans</name>
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      <tag tagId="26704">
        <name>Lung Neoplasms – Ultrasonography</name>
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        <name>Lung Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging</name>
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        <name>Mammary/*methods</name>
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        <name>Mendelsohn Geoffrey</name>
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        <name>Middle Age</name>
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      <tag tagId="13051">
        <name>Sousaris Nicholas</name>
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        <name>Ultrasonography</name>
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      <tag tagId="24612">
        <name>Ultrasonography – Methods</name>
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      <tag tagId="13040">
        <name>Ultrasound quarterly</name>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1097/RUQ.0b013e3181dc7ce4" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1097/RUQ.0b013e3181dc7ce4&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <name>Pages</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="54860">
              <text>61–66</text>
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          <name>Issue</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="54861">
              <text>2</text>
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          <name>Volume</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="54862">
              <text>26</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Real-time ultrasound elasticity of the breast: initial clinical results.</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="54851">
                <text>Ultrasound quarterly</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="54852">
                <text>2010</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="54853">
                <text>2010-06</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
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              <elementText elementTextId="54854">
                <text>*Elasticity Imaging Techniques; *Image Processing; Adult; Aged; Biopsy; Breast; Breast – Pathology; Breast Diseases/diagnostic imaging/pathology; Breast Neoplasms – Diagnosis; Breast Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging/*pathology; Computer-Assisted; Data Analysis Software; Diagnosis; Differential; Elasticity; Equipment and Supplies; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Mammary/*methods; Middle Aged; Needle; Ohio; Sensitivity and Specificity; Ultrasonography</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="54855">
                <text>Barr Richard G</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="54856">
                <text>PURPOSE: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of a real-time elasticity imaging (EI) ultrasound (US) system in the characterization of breast lesions as benign or malignant. METHODS: A total of 208 patients with 251 lesions were scheduled to undergo a US-guided breast biopsy for a mass identified on B-mode US, and each received a real-time elasticity image of the lesion before the biopsy. The lesion size measurements were obtained, and the EI/B-mode size ratio was obtained. The pathology report was obtained and correlated with the EI/B-mode ratio. An EI/B-mode ratio equal to or greater than 1 was considered malignant lesion, whereas EI/B-mode ratios of less than 1 were considered benign. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, and negative predictive values were calculated. RESULTS: Of the 251 lesions biopsied, 197 were pathologically benign, and 54 were malignant. Of the 54 malignant lesions, all had an EI/B-mode ratio equal to or greater than 1. Of the 197 benign lesions, 187 had an EI/B-mode ratio of less than 1. Ten benign lesions had an EI/B-mode ratio of greater than 1. The benign lesions that had an EI/B-mode ratio of greater than 1 were lesions with dense fibrosis, and in addition, a characteristic artifact was identified, which was visualized in all simple and complex cysts. The results correspond with a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 95%, a positive predictive value of 84%, and a negative predictive value of 100%. CONCLUSIONS: Initial results of a real-time EI system for characterization of breast lesions suggest this technique can provide significant new diagnostic information. As a result, this information may significantly improve the ability to select patients for breast biopsy, resulting in a reduction in the number of benign breast biopsies.</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1097/RUQ.0b013e3181dc7ce4" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.1097/RUQ.0b013e3181dc7ce4&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="54859">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="24677">
        <name>*Elasticity Imaging Techniques</name>
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        <name>*Image Processing</name>
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        <name>2010</name>
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        <name>Adult</name>
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        <name>Aged</name>
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      <tag tagId="2087">
        <name>Barr Richard G</name>
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        <name>Biopsy</name>
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        <name>breast</name>
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        <name>Breast – Pathology</name>
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      <tag tagId="13086">
        <name>Breast Diseases/diagnostic imaging/pathology</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="23485">
        <name>Breast Neoplasms – Diagnosis</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="26690">
        <name>Breast Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging/*pathology</name>
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      <tag tagId="7744">
        <name>Computer-Assisted</name>
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        <name>Data Analysis Software</name>
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        <name>Diagnosis</name>
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        <name>Differential</name>
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        <name>Equipment and Supplies</name>
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      <tag tagId="38">
        <name>Female</name>
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        <name>Humans</name>
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        <name>Immunohistochemistry</name>
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        <name>Mammary/*methods</name>
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      <tag tagId="26">
        <name>Middle Aged</name>
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      <tag tagId="261">
        <name>Needle</name>
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      <tag tagId="242">
        <name>Ohio</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="448">
        <name>Sensitivity and Specificity</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="451">
        <name>Ultrasonography</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="13040">
        <name>Ultrasound quarterly</name>
      </tag>
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      <name>Text</name>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1097/RUQ.0b013e3181b789aa" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1097/RUQ.0b013e3181b789aa&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <name>Pages</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="54847">
              <text>141–144</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
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          <name>Issue</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="54848">
              <text>3</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Volume</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="54849">
              <text>25</text>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="54837">
                <text>Speed of sound imaging: improved image quality in breast sonography.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="54838">
                <text>Ultrasound quarterly</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="54839">
                <text>2009</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="54840">
                <text>2009-09</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="54841">
                <text>*Artifacts; Breast Diseases – Classification; Breast Diseases – Diagnosis; Continuing (Credit); Education; Equipment and Supplies; Female; Funding Source; Human; Humans; Image Enhancement/*methods; Mammary/*methods; Middle Aged; Observer Variation; Quality of Health Care; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Ultrasonography; Ultrasonography – Methods</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="54842">
                <text>Barr Richard G; Rim Alice; Graham Ruffin; Berg Wendie; Grajo Joseph R</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="54843">
                <text>PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate blindly breast ultrasound images corrected for the speed of sound in breast tissue compared with conventional images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 409 images from 153 patients were obtained on an Antares Ultrasound system. The system was modified to process the radiofrequency data with the standard 1540 m/s as the speed of sound and at a corrected speed of sound for breast tissue. An offline</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="54844">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1097/RUQ.0b013e3181b789aa" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.1097/RUQ.0b013e3181b789aa&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="54846">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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        <name>Berg Wendie</name>
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      <tag tagId="26685">
        <name>Breast Diseases – Classification</name>
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        <name>Breast Diseases – Diagnosis</name>
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        <name>Continuing (Credit)</name>
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        <name>Education</name>
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        <name>Equipment and Supplies</name>
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        <name>Female</name>
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        <name>Funding Source</name>
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      <tag tagId="13084">
        <name>Graham Ruffin</name>
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      <tag tagId="13073">
        <name>Grajo Joseph R</name>
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      <tag tagId="1801">
        <name>Human</name>
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      <tag tagId="8">
        <name>Humans</name>
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        <name>Image Enhancement/*methods</name>
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        <name>Mammary/*methods</name>
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        <name>Middle Aged</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2083">
        <name>Observer Variation</name>
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      <tag tagId="4603">
        <name>Quality of Health Care</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="179">
        <name>Reproducibility of Results</name>
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      <tag tagId="13083">
        <name>Rim Alice</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="448">
        <name>Sensitivity and Specificity</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="451">
        <name>Ultrasonography</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="24612">
        <name>Ultrasonography – Methods</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="13040">
        <name>Ultrasound quarterly</name>
      </tag>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="4407" public="1" featured="1">
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="53">
          <name>URL Address</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="54832">
              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1097/RUQ.0b013e3181b4f9cf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1097/RUQ.0b013e3181b4f9cf&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <name>Pages</name>
          <description/>
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              <text>171–173</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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          <name>Issue</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="54835">
              <text>4</text>
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          <name>Volume</name>
          <description/>
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              <text>25</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="54824">
                <text>Contrast-enhanced ultrasound detection and treatment guidance in a renal transplant patient with renal cell carcinoma.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="54825">
                <text>Ultrasound quarterly</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2009</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="54827">
                <text>2009-12</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="54828">
                <text>*Fluorocarbons; Aged; Angiography; Biopsy; Carcinoma; Catheter Ablation; Catheter Ablation/*methods; Computer-Assisted/methods; Contrast Media; Equipment and Supplies; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging/*surgery; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Renal Cell – Diagnosis; Renal Cell – Epidemiology; Renal Cell/*diagnostic imaging/*surgery; Surgery; Tomography; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonography; Ultrasonography/*methods</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="54829">
                <text>Sanchez Kimberly; Barr Richard G</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="54830">
                <text>Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) is an imaging modality that shows promise in the detection and characterization of renal masses, as well as treatment through CEUS-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation. These techniques may be especially valuable in challenging patients who cannot tolerate traditional contrast agents, such as those with diminished renal function, and those who cannot tolerate more invasive surgical treatment. The following case report details an incidence of renal cell carcinoma in a renal transplant patient whose tumor was diagnosed with CEU and successfully treated with CEUS-guided percutaneous RFA.</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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        <name>Aged</name>
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        <name>Angiography</name>
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        <name>Barr Richard G</name>
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        <name>Biopsy</name>
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        <name>Carcinoma</name>
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        <name>Catheter Ablation</name>
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        <name>Catheter Ablation/*methods</name>
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        <name>Computer-Assisted/methods</name>
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        <name>Contrast Media</name>
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        <name>Equipment and Supplies</name>
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      <tag tagId="8">
        <name>Humans</name>
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      <tag tagId="26681">
        <name>Kidney Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging/*surgery</name>
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      <tag tagId="3026">
        <name>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</name>
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        <name>Male</name>
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        <name>Renal Cell – Diagnosis</name>
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        <name>Renal Cell – Epidemiology</name>
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        <name>Sanchez Kimberly</name>
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        <name>Tomography</name>
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        <name>Treatment Outcome</name>
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      <tag tagId="451">
        <name>Ultrasonography</name>
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        <name>Ultrasonography/*methods</name>
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      <tag tagId="13040">
        <name>Ultrasound quarterly</name>
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              <text>63–65</text>
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              <text>2</text>
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              <text>25</text>
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                <text>Dynamic automatic ultrasound optimization: time savings, keystroke savings, and image quality.</text>
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                <text>Ultrasound quarterly</text>
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                <text>Abdomen/*diagnostic imaging; Adult; Automation; Computer-Assisted; Ergonomics; Female; Human; Humans; Image Enhancement; Image Processing; Imaging; Job Experience; Middle Aged; Occupational Diseases/diagnosis; Pain/diagnosis; Phantoms; Treatment Duration; Ultrasonography; Ultrasonography – Methods; Ultrasonography/*methods; Young Adult</text>
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                <text>Barr Richard G; Grajo Joseph R</text>
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                <text>PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to evaluate if a dynamic automatic image optimization technique decreases examination time and number of keystrokes while maintaining or improving image quality and to determine if these variables vary with sonographer experience. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five sonographers of varying experience performed a randomized standard abdominal ultrasonography using manual and automatic techniques on 5 healthy volunteers. The time to perform the examinations and the number of images obtained were recorded, and a keystroke log was maintained for all examinations. Images were stored digitally for review and image analysis. The sonographers graded their pain during the examinations on a</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="54820">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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        <name>Adult</name>
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        <name>Automation</name>
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        <name>Barr Richard G</name>
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        <name>Computer-Assisted</name>
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      <tag tagId="26674">
        <name>Ergonomics</name>
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        <name>Female</name>
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        <name>Grajo Joseph R</name>
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        <name>Human</name>
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        <name>Image Enhancement</name>
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        <name>Image Processing</name>
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        <name>Imaging</name>
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        <name>Occupational Diseases/diagnosis</name>
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        <name>Phantoms</name>
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        <name>Treatment Duration</name>
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        <name>Ultrasonography/*methods</name>
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        <name>Ultrasound quarterly</name>
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      <tag tagId="2106">
        <name>Young Adult</name>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1097/RUQ.0b013e31814fb469" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1097/RUQ.0b013e31814fb469&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>199–202</text>
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              <text>3</text>
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              <text>23</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
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                <text>Duplex Doppler sonography of the carotid artery: velocity measurements in an artery with contralateral stenosis.</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="54799">
                <text>Ultrasound quarterly</text>
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                <text>*Ultrasonography; Adult; Angiography; Blood Flow Velocity; Carotid Stenosis – Physiopathology; Carotid Stenosis – Radiography; Carotid Stenosis – Ultrasonography; Carotid Stenosis/*diagnostic imaging/physiopathology; Doppler; Duplex; Female; Human; Humans; Male; Retrospective Design; Retrospective Studies; Ultrasonography</text>
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                <text>Grajo Joseph R; Barr Richard G</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="54804">
                <text>To determine if a significant contralateral stenosis affects interpretation tables of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery's degree of stenosis in duplex Doppler ultrasound, the records of 307 patients with carotid duplex ultrasound studies with an angiogram performed within 3 months without intervening intervention were retrospectively reviewed for peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, internal carotid artery-common carotid artery ratio, and angiographic degree of stenosis. Data were grouped into categories of degree of contralateral stenosis, and Pearson r correlation was used to determine significance of ipsilateral Doppler parameters to angiographic data. As the degree of contralateral stenosis increases, the correlation of ultrasound parameters becomes less significant. At a contralateral stenosis of less than 40%, the P value for peak systolic velocity was 0.0006; at a contralateral stenosis between 40% and 59%, the P value was 0.133; at a contralateral stenosis between 60% and 79%, the P value was 0.241; and at a contralateral stenosis between 80% and 99%, the P value was 0.439. Therefore, correlations are no longer significant at levels above 40% contralateral stenosis. The Doppler parameters were scattered in patients with greater than 40%contralateral stenosis, and "corrected" correlation tables could not be derived. As stenosis increases in the contralateral internal carotid artery, Doppler values become inaccurate in determining the degree of stenosis in the ipsilateral internal carotid artery, with the occurrence of both the overestimation and underestimation of the degree of stenosis.</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="54807">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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        <name>Adult</name>
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        <name>Angiography</name>
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        <name>Barr Richard G</name>
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        <name>Blood Flow Velocity</name>
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        <name>Carotid Stenosis – Physiopathology</name>
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        <name>Carotid Stenosis – Radiography</name>
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        <name>Carotid Stenosis – Ultrasonography</name>
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        <name>Carotid Stenosis/*diagnostic imaging/physiopathology</name>
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        <name>Doppler</name>
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        <name>Duplex</name>
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      <tag tagId="13073">
        <name>Grajo Joseph R</name>
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        <name>Retrospective Design</name>
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          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="54793">
              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1097/RUQ.0000000000000338" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1097/RUQ.0000000000000338&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>119–121</text>
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              <text>3</text>
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              <text>34</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
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                <text>Gastric Lipoma: A Review of the Literature.</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Ultrasound quarterly</text>
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                <text>2018</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="54789">
                <text>Aged; Biopsy; Doppler – Methods; Doppler/methods; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrectomy – Methods; Gastrectomy/methods; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Lipoma; Lipoma – Pathology; Lipoma – Surgery; Lipoma/*diagnostic imaging/*pathology/surgery; Magnetic Resonance Imaging – Methods; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods; Multidetector Computed Tomography – Methods; Multidetector Computed Tomography/methods; Needle; Prospective Studies; Stomach Neoplasms; Stomach Neoplasms – Pathology; Stomach Neoplasms – Surgery; Stomach Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging/*pathology/surgery; Treatment Outcome; Treatment Outcomes; Ultrasonography</text>
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                <text>Chagarlamudi Kaushik; DeVita Robert; Barr Richard G</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Gastric lipoma is a rare benign tumor of the stomach. The imaging characteristics are diagnostic because the lesion has fat attenuation on computed tomography and demonstrates characteristics of fat on magnetic resonance images. On ultrasound, the lesion can be identified as a lesion hypoechoic to the gastric mucosa that is soft, but the mass cannot be displaced with compression. Identifying these imaging characteristics can prevent biopsy or surgery in asymptomatic patients. Although this lesion is benign, it can cause gastric obstruction.</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="54794">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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                <text>80 and over; 80 and Over; Aged; Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging; Breast/diagnostic imaging; Diagnosis; Differential; Elasticity Imaging Techniques/*methods; Female; Humans; Lymphoma; Lymphoma/*diagnostic imaging; Male; Mammary/*methods; Reproducibility of Results; Retrospective Studies; Sensitivity and Specificity; Ultrasonography; Ultrasonography – Methods</text>
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                <text>Sousaris Nicholas; Barr Richard G</text>
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                <text>Breast lymphomas only account for approximately 0.15% of malignant breast carcinomas. Half of these are primary lymphomas, and the other half are metastatic to the breast. Ultrasound elastography has been proven to aid in the diagnosis of breast lesions as malignant or benign, with malignancy appearing stiffer compared with normal breast tissue. However, in this study, we review the findings of breast lymphoma on strain and shear wave ultrasonography. Lymphoma appears drastically different on sonoelastography than primary breast cancers, and it could easily be interpreted as benign. Therefore, the unique imaging findings in addition to the patient's clinical history are important in differentiating lymphoma of the breast from other possible diagnoses.</text>
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              <text>E2–E15</text>
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                <text>Dietrich Christoph F; Averkiou Michalakis; Nielsen Michael Bachmann; Barr Richard G; Burns Peter N; Calliada Fabrizio; Cantisani Vito; Choi Byung; Chammas Maria C; Clevert Dirk-Andre; Claudon Michel; Correas Jean Michel; Cui Xin-Wu; Cosgrove David; D'Onofrio Mirko; Dong Yi; Eisenbrey JohnR; Fontanilla Teresa; Gilja Odd Helge; Ignee Andre; Jenssen Christian; Kono Yuko; Kudo Masatoshi; Lassau Nathalie; Lyshchik Andrej; Franca Meloni Maria; Moriyasu Fuminori; Nolsoe Christian; Piscaglia Fabio; Radzina Maija; Saftoiu Adrian; Sidhu Paul S; Sporea Ioan; Schreiber-Dietrich Dagmar; Sirlin Claude B; Stanczak Maria; Weskott Hans-Peter; Wilson Stephanie R; Willmann Juergen Karl; Kim Tae Kyoung; Jang Hyun-Jung; Vezeridis Alexandar; Westerway Sue</text>
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        <name>Nielsen Michael Bachmann</name>
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      <tag tagId="10532">
        <name>Nolsoe Christian</name>
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      <tag tagId="10533">
        <name>Piscaglia Fabio</name>
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      <tag tagId="10534">
        <name>Radzina Maija</name>
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      <tag tagId="10512">
        <name>Saftoiu Adrian</name>
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        <name>Schreiber-Dietrich Dagmar</name>
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        <name>Sidhu Paul S</name>
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        <name>Sirlin Claude B</name>
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        <name>Sporea Ioan</name>
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        <name>Stanczak Maria</name>
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        <name>Vezeridis Alexandar</name>
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        <name>Westerway Sue</name>
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              <text>61–65</text>
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              <text>1</text>
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                <text>Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver.</text>
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                <text>Calcinosis/diagnostic imaging/surgery; Child; Cholangiography; Cholecystectomy; Diagnosis; Differential; Hamartoma/*diagnostic imaging/surgery; Humans; Liver Diseases/*diagnostic imaging/surgery; Male; Tomography; Ultrasonography; X-Ray Computed</text>
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                <text>Konez O; Goyal M; Vyas P K; Boinapally S B</text>
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                <text>We present a multiseptated mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver in a 10-year-old male patient, a rare benign tumor of childhood. The characteristic ultrasound and CT appearances of this unusual tumor are reviewed. A single septal calcification associated with this tumor was demonstrated, an association which has not previously been reported. The differential diagnosis for cystic liver lesions is discussed in detail.</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="48976">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/s0735-6757(98)90140-1" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1016/s0735-6757(98)90140-1&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>401–403</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="48900">
              <text>4</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="48901">
              <text>16</text>
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                <text>Ultrasound-assisted internal jugular vein catheterization in the ED.</text>
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                <text>1998-07</text>
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                <text>*Emergency Treatment; *Jugular Veins; Catheter Placement Determination; Catheterization; Central Venous; Central Venous/adverse effects/*methods; Clinical Competence; Convenience Sample; Descriptive Statistics; Emergency Care; Emergency Service; Hematoma/etiology; Hospital; Hospital/education; Human; Humans; Interventional/adverse effects/*methods; Jugular Veins – Ultrasonography; Medical Staff; Patient Selection; Prospective Studies; Record Review; Treatment Outcomes; Ultrasonography</text>
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                <text>Hrics P; Wilber S; Blanda M P; Gallo U</text>
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                <text>A prospective, descriptive study is reported on the use and success of ultrasound-assisted internal jugular central vein catheterization (CVC) in the emergency department (ED). In patients not in cardiac arrest who had an indication for internal jugular CVC, lines were placed by trained ED staff using ultrasound. Data were collected prospectively on age, sex, body habitus, indication, vein visibility, number of punctures and needle passes, and success. There were 40 attempts at internal jugular CVC in 34 patients and ultrasound was used in 32 of the 40 (80%) attempts. Incidences of successful puncture and cannulation using ultrasound were 93.8% (30 of 32) and 81.3% (26 of 32), respectively, compared with 62.5% (5 of 8) and 62.5% (5 of 8) in the landmark group. In 8 patients with no visual or palpable landmarks, cannulation was successful in 100% (7 of 7) using ultrasound and in 0% (0 of 1) using landmark technique. Ultrasound-assisted internal jugular CVC is an easily learned technique that is useful in the ED. It may be especially helpful in patients in whom landmarks are not visible and not palpable.</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
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        <name>Catheterization</name>
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        <name>Ultrasonography</name>
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        <name>Wilber S</name>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2013.12.001" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2013.12.001&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>681–682</text>
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              <text>3</text>
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              <text>83</text>
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                <text>Urology</text>
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                <text>Female; Humans; Male; Ultrasonography; Urinary Tract Infections – Complications; Urinary Tract Infections/*complications; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux/*complications/*diagnostic imaging; Vesicoureteral Reflux – Complications; Vesicoureteral Reflux – Ultrasonography</text>
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                <text>Massanyi Eric Z; Wang Ming-Hsien</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2013.12.001" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.1016/j.urology.2013.12.001&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="47286">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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      <tag tagId="8766">
        <name>Massanyi Eric Z</name>
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        <name>Ultrasonography</name>
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        <name>Urinary Tract Infections – Complications</name>
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        <name>Urinary Tract Infections/*complications</name>
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        <name>Vesicoureteral Reflux – Complications</name>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.08.027" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.08.027&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="47251">
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                <text>Foreword to the Second Set of WFUMB Guidelines and Recommendations on the Clinical Use of Ultrasound Elastography.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.08.027" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.08.027&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.09.005" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.09.005&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>16–30</text>
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              <text>1</text>
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              <text>42</text>
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                <text>Transcutaneous Ultrasound: Elastographic Lymph Node Evaluation. Current Clinical Applications and Literature Review.</text>
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                <text>*Elasticity Imaging Techniques; Elastography; Humans; Imaging; Lymph node; Lymph Nodes – Ultrasonography; Lymph Nodes/*diagnostic imaging; Lymphatic Diseases – Ultrasonography; Lymphatic Diseases/*diagnostic imaging; Scales; Shear wave elastography; Staging; Strain; Ultrasonics; Ultrasonography; Ultrasound</text>
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                <text>Chiorean Liliana; Barr Richard G; Braden Barbara; Jenssen Christian; Cui Xin-Wu; Hocke Michael; Schuler Andreas; Dietrich Christoph F</text>
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                <text>Distinguishing malignant versus benign lymphadenopathies is a major diagnostic dilemma in clinical medicine. Metastatic deposits in normal-sized lymph nodes (LNs) can be smaller than a millimeter, thus presenting a diagnostic challenge. In most clinical settings, however, enlarged LNs detected on imaging need to be classified as malignant or benign. Ultrasound seems to be a very reliable method for LN characterization because of the high resolution, especially in the subcutaneous areas. However, B-mode and Doppler-ultrasound criteria for characterization of a lymphadenopathy as benign or malignant are lacking specificity. Newer methods such as elastography seem to be valuable for identifying metastatic deposits within LNs and may help discriminate malignant and benign LNs. This review summarizes the different elastographic methods available and provides an overview of the relevant publications. According to the literature, elastography can be used for identifying metastatic deposits, to guide fine needle aspiration and to non-invasively choose the most suspicious LN of a group of enlarged LNs for targeted biopsy.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="47196">
              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.03.009" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.03.009&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>1126–1147</text>
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              <text>5</text>
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                <text>WFUMB guidelines and recommendations for clinical use of ultrasound elastography: Part 1: basic principles and terminology.</text>
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                <text>Ultrasound in medicine &amp; biology</text>
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                <text>2015-05</text>
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                <text>*Practice Guidelines as Topic; *Terminology as Topic; acoustic radiation force; elasticity; Elasticity Imaging Techniques/*classification/*standards; elastogram; elastography; Humans; Internationality; Radiology/*standards; shear wave; stiffness; strain; transient elastography; ultrasonography</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="47193">
                <text>Shiina Tsuyoshi; Nightingale Kathryn R; Palmeri Mark L; Hall Timothy J; Bamber Jeffrey C; Barr Richard G; Castera Laurent; Choi Byung Ihn; Chou Yi-Hong; Cosgrove David; Dietrich Christoph F; Ding Hong; Amy Dominique; Farrokh Andre; Ferraioli Giovanna; Filice Carlo; Friedrich-Rust Mireen; Nakashima Kazutaka; Schafer Fritz; Sporea Ioan; Suzuki Shinichi; Wilson Stephanie; Kudo Masatoshi</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="47194">
                <text>Conventional diagnostic ultrasound images of the anatomy (as opposed to blood flow) reveal differences in the acoustic properties of soft tissues (mainly echogenicity but also, to some extent, attenuation), whereas ultrasound-based elasticity images are able to reveal the differences in the elastic properties of soft tissues (e.g., elasticity and viscosity). The benefit of elasticity imaging lies in the fact that many soft tissues can share similar ultrasonic echogenicities but may have different mechanical properties that can be used to clearly visualize normal anatomy and delineate pathologic lesions. Typically, all elasticity measurement and imaging methods introduce a mechanical excitation and monitor the resulting tissue response. Some of the most widely available commercial elasticity imaging methods are 'quasi-static' and use external tissue compression to generate images of the resulting tissue strain (or deformation). In addition, many manufacturers now provide shear wave imaging and measurement methods, which deliver stiffness images based upon the shear wave propagation speed. The goal of this review is to describe the fundamental physics and the associated terminology underlying these technologies. We have included a questions and answers section, an extensive appendix, and a glossary of terms in this manuscript. We have also endeavored to ensure that the terminology and descriptions, although not identical, are broadly compatible across the WFUMB and EFSUMB sets of guidelines on elastography (Bamber et al. 2013; Cosgrove et al. 2013).</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.03.009" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.03.009&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="47197">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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        <name>Choi Byung Ihn</name>
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        <name>Cosgrove David</name>
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        <name>Dietrich Christoph F</name>
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        <name>Elasticity</name>
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        <name>elastogram</name>
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        <name>elastography</name>
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        <name>Filice Carlo</name>
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      <tag tagId="8712">
        <name>Hall Timothy J</name>
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        <name>Internationality</name>
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        <name>Nakashima Kazutaka</name>
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      <tag tagId="8714">
        <name>Nightingale Kathryn R</name>
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      <tag tagId="8715">
        <name>Palmeri Mark L</name>
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        <name>Suzuki Shinichi</name>
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        <name>Wilson Stephanie</name>
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              <text>967–970</text>
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              <text>4</text>
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                <text>Can ultrasound be used to predict malignancy in patients with a thyroid nodule and an indeterminate fine-needle aspiration biopsy?</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="47083">
                <text>80 and over; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Biopsy; Color; Doppler; Female; Fine-Needle; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Single-Blind Method; Thyroid Nodule/*diagnostic imaging/pathology/surgery; Thyroidectomy; Ultrasonography; Young Adult</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Khoncarly Sarah M; Tamarkin Stephen W; McHenry Christopher R</text>
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                <text>PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether ultrasonography is helpful in predicting malignancy in patients with a thyroid nodule and atypia/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AFLUS). METHODS: All patients with a preoperative ultrasound who underwent thyroidectomy for a nodule with AFLUS comprised the study population. A blinded review of gray-scale and color-Doppler sonographic images of the thyroid nodule was performed by an expert sonographer; results were compared with the original interpretation and were correlated with histopathology. All images were reviewed for hypoechogenicity, irregular margins, shape that was taller than wide, micro and macrocalcifications, absent halo, and intranodular hypervascularity. RESULTS: From 2010 to 2012, 61 patients underwent thyroidectomy for AFLUS with an ultrasound examination for review; 6 (10%) with cancer. Nodule shape that was taller than wide, was associated with cancer (P \textless .05). The original sonographer commented on an average of two of seven features important in assessment of a thyroid nodule. CONCLUSION: With the exception of nodule height greater than width, sonographic criteria were not helpful in deciding which patients with AFLUS should undergo thyroidectomy. Thyroidectomy is recommended in lieu of repeat biopsy for a nodule that is taller than wide. Standardized sonographic reporting should be implemented.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2014.06.043" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.1016/j.surg.2014.06.043&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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        <name>Color</name>
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        <name>Doppler</name>
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        <name>Fine-Needle</name>
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      <tag tagId="8626">
        <name>Khoncarly Sarah M</name>
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        <name>McHenry Christopher R</name>
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        <name>Tamarkin Stephen W</name>
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        <name>Thyroid Nodule/*diagnostic imaging/pathology/surgery</name>
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        <name>Thyroidectomy</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="46909">
              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcl.2014.07.002" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcl.2014.07.002&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <name>Pages</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="46911">
              <text>1145–1162</text>
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          <name>Issue</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="46912">
              <text>6</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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          <name>Volume</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="46913">
              <text>52</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="46901">
                <text>Elastography in clinical practice.</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="46902">
                <text>Radiologic clinics of North America</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2014</text>
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                <text>2014-11</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="46905">
                <text>Breast cancer; Breast mass; Breast Neoplasms – Ultrasonography; Breast Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging; Computer Assisted – Methods; Computer-Assisted/methods; Elasticity Imaging Techniques/*methods; Elastography; Female; Female – Ultrasonography; Female/diagnostic imaging; Genital Diseases; Humans; Image Interpretation; Liver Cirrhosis – Ultrasonography; Liver Cirrhosis/*diagnostic imaging; Liver fibrosis; Male; Mammary/*methods; Musculoskeletal Diseases – Ultrasonography; Musculoskeletal Diseases/diagnostic imaging; Prostate cancer; Prostatic Neoplasms – Ultrasonography; Prostatic Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging; Sensitivity and Specificity; Thyroid mass; Thyroid Neoplasms – Ultrasonography; Thyroid Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging; Ultrasonography; Ultrasonography – Methods; Ultrasound</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
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              <elementText elementTextId="46906">
                <text>Barr Richard G</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="46907">
                <text>Elastography is a new technique that evaluates tissue stiffness. There are two elastography methods, strain and shear wave elastography. Both techniques are being used to evaluate a wide range of applications in medical imaging. Elastography of breast masses and prostates have been shown to have high accuracy for characterizing masses and can significantly decrease the need for biopsies. Shear wave elastography has been shown to be able to detect and grade liver fibrosis and may decrease the need for liver biopsy. Evaluation of other organs is still preliminary. This article reviews the principles of elastography and its potential clinical applications.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcl.2014.07.002" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.1016/j.rcl.2014.07.002&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="46910">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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        <name>Breast Neoplasms – Ultrasonography</name>
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        <name>Breast Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging</name>
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        <name>Computer Assisted – Methods</name>
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        <name>Computer-Assisted/methods</name>
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        <name>Elasticity Imaging Techniques/*methods</name>
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        <name>elastography</name>
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        <name>Female</name>
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        <name>Genital Diseases</name>
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        <name>Liver Cirrhosis – Ultrasonography</name>
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        <name>Liver Cirrhosis/*diagnostic imaging</name>
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        <name>Liver fibrosis</name>
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        <name>Male</name>
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        <name>Mammary/*methods</name>
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      <tag tagId="24607">
        <name>Musculoskeletal Diseases – Ultrasonography</name>
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        <name>Musculoskeletal Diseases/diagnostic imaging</name>
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        <name>Prostate cancer</name>
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        <name>Prostatic Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging</name>
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        <name>Radiologic clinics of North America</name>
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        <name>Thyroid mass</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="24610">
        <name>Thyroid Neoplasms – Ultrasonography</name>
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      <tag tagId="24611">
        <name>Thyroid Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging</name>
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        <name>Ultrasonography</name>
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      <tag tagId="24612">
        <name>Ultrasonography – Methods</name>
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        <name>Ultrasound</name>
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  <item itemId="3646" public="1" featured="1">
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2016.09.011" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2016.09.011&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>126–129</text>
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          <name>Volume</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="45232">
              <text>37</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Hematologic counts as predictors of delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45222">
                <text>Journal of critical care</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2017</text>
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                <text>2017-02</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45225">
                <text>*Blood Cell Count; *Inflammation; *Intracranial vasospasm; *Subarachnoid hemorrhage; *Transcranial Doppler sonography; Anemia/blood/diagnosis; Brain Ischemia/blood/complications/*diagnosis/epidemiology; Cerebrovascular Circulation/physiology; Critical Care; Databases; Doppler; Factual; Female; Humans; Leukocytosis/blood/diagnosis; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Models; Odds Ratio; Ohio/epidemiology; Sensitivity and Specificity; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/*complications/diagnostic imaging; Theoretical; Transcranial; Ultrasonography</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="45226">
                <text>Da Silva Ivan Rocha Ferreira; Gomes Joao Antonio; Wachsman Ari; de Freitas Gabriel Rodriguez; Provencio Jose Javier</text>
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                <text>PURPOSE: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is associated with high morbidity and mortality, but currently no single clinical method or ancillary test can reliably predict which subset of patients will develop delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). The aim of this study was to find hematologic derangements and clinical factors present during the first 7 days after bleeding that could help identify patients at risk for development of DCI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Databank analysis of patients with SAH admitted between 2010 and 2012 in a single center. Data from demographics, imaging, laboratory, and clinical factors were collected. Statistical testing was conducted to test for association to the outcome, and multivariate logistic regression was used to design a predictive model. RESULTS: Of 55 patients, 14 developed DCI (25%). Anemia and leukocytosis on the third day after bleeding were significantly correlated with the outcome (for anemia: P\textless.032; confidence interval, 1.12-15.16; odds ratio, 4.12; for leukocytosis: P\textless.046; confidence interval, 1.03-26.13; odds ratio, 5.18). Anemia and leukocytosis were still statistically significant after adjustment for age, sex, modified Fisher scale, and Hunt-Hess scale. CONCLUSION: The presence of leukocytosis and anemia during the third day after SAH was statistically correlated with the occurrence of DCI.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2016.09.011" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;10.1016/j.jcrc.2016.09.011&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="45230">
                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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        <name>*Blood Cell Count</name>
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        <name>*Inflammation</name>
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        <name>*Intracranial vasospasm</name>
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        <name>*Subarachnoid hemorrhage</name>
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        <name>2017</name>
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        <name>Anemia/blood/diagnosis</name>
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        <name>Brain Ischemia/blood/complications/*diagnosis/epidemiology</name>
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      <tag tagId="7350">
        <name>Cerebrovascular Circulation/physiology</name>
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      <tag tagId="7351">
        <name>Critical Care</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="7354">
        <name>Da Silva Ivan Rocha Ferreira</name>
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      <tag tagId="4043">
        <name>Databases</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="7357">
        <name>de Freitas Gabriel Rodriguez</name>
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        <name>Doppler</name>
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        <name>Factual</name>
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        <name>Female</name>
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      <tag tagId="7355">
        <name>Gomes Joao Antonio</name>
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        <name>Journal of critical care</name>
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        <name>Leukocytosis/blood/diagnosis</name>
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        <name>Male</name>
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        <name>Middle Aged</name>
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        <name>Models</name>
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        <name>Odds Ratio</name>
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        <name>Ohio/epidemiology</name>
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        <name>Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/*complications/diagnostic imaging</name>
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        <name>Theoretical</name>
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        <name>Transcranial</name>
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        <name>Ultrasonography</name>
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