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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1155/2013/781050" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1155/2013/781050</a>
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14-14
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Title
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Increased Nitroxidative Stress Promotes Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Alcoholic and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
Date
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2013
2013
Subject
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aldehyde-dehydrogenase; ascorbate-dependent artifact; biotin-switch assay; Cell Biology; cytochrome-c-oxidase; hepatoma-cells; lipid-peroxidation; mediated oxidative stress; nitric-oxide; rat-liver; s-nitrosylation
Creator
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Song B J; Abdelmegeed M A; Henderson L E; Yoo S H; Wan J; Purohit V; Hardwick J P; Moon K H
Description
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Increased nitroxidative stress causes mitochondrial dysfunctions through oxidative modifications of mitochondrial DNA, lipids, and proteins. Persistent mitochondrial dysfunction sensitizes the target cells/organs to other pathological risk factors and thus ultimately contributes to the development of more severe disease states in alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The incidences of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease continuously increase due to high prevalence of metabolic syndrome including hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes. Many mitochondrial proteins including the enzymes involved in fat oxidation and energy supply could be oxidatively modified (including S-nitrosylation/ nitration) under increased nitroxidative stress and thus inactivated, leading to increased fat accumulation and ATP depletion. To demonstrate the underlying mechanism(s) of mitochondrial dysfunction, we employed a redox proteomics approach using biotin-N-maleimide (biotin-NM) as a sensitive biotin-switch probe to identify oxidized Cys residues of mitochondrial proteins in the experimental models of alcoholic and acute liver disease. The aims of this paper are to briefly describe the mechanisms, functional consequences, and detection methods of mitochondrial dysfunction. We also describe advantages and limitations of the Cys-targeted redox proteomics method with alternative approaches. Finally, we discuss various applications of this method in studying oxidatively modified mitochondrial proteins in extrahepatic tissues or different subcellular organelles and translational research.
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1155/2013/781050" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1155/2013/781050</a>
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Journal Article
2013
Abdelmegeed M A
aldehyde-dehydrogenase
ascorbate-dependent artifact
biotin-switch assay
Cell Biology
cytochrome-c-oxidase
Hardwick J P
Henderson L E
hepatoma-cells
Journal Article
lipid-peroxidation
mediated oxidative stress
Moon K H
nitric-oxide
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
Purohit V
rat-liver
s-nitrosylation
Song B J
Wan J
Yoo S H