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Text
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199710)104:2%3C213::aid-ajpa8%3E3.0.co;2-z" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199710)104:2%3C213::aid-ajpa8%3E3.0.co;2-z</a>
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Pages
213-226
Issue
2
Volume
104
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Title
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Recognition Of Sickle Cell Anemia In Skeletal Remains Of Children
Publisher
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American Journal of Physical Anthropology
Date
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1997
1997-10
Subject
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anemia; Anthropology; arthritis; beta-thalassemia; bone pathology; bone-disease; children; Evolutionary Biology; features; iron deficiency; pathogenesis; porotic hyperostosis
Creator
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Hershkovitz I; Rothschild B M; Latimer B; DuTour O; Leonetti G; Greenwald C M; Rothschild C; Jellema L M
Description
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The present study discusses in detail the osteological changes associated with sickle cell anemia in children and their importance in differential diagnosis. Posterior calcaneal and specific articular surface disruptive metacarpal lesions are diagnostic for sickle cell anemia. Calvarial thickening, tibial and femoral cortical bone thickening, and bowing are of more limited utility in differential diagnosis. Granular osteoporosis, pelvic demineralization and rib broadening are nonspecific. Localized calvarial ''ballooning,'' previously not described, may have diagnostic significance. Bone marrow hyperplastic response (porotic hyperostosis) in sickle cell anemia produces minimal radiologic changes contrasted with that observed in thalassemia and blood loss/hemolytic phenomenon. Two other issues, the osteological criteria for discriminating among the anemias and the purported relationship between porotic hyperostosis and iron deficiency anemia, are also discussed. There is sufficient information to properly diagnose the four major groups of anemias, and further, to establish that iron deficiency is only indirectly associated with porotic hyperostosis. The hyperproliferative bone marrow response (manifest as porotic hyperostosis) to blood loss or hemolysis exhausts iron stores, resulting in secondary iron deficiency. (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199710)104:2%3C213::aid-ajpa8%3E3.0.co;2-z" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199710)104:2%3C213::aid-ajpa8%3E3.0.co;2-z</a>
Format
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Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
1997
American journal of physical anthropology
Anemia
Anthropology
Arthritis
beta-thalassemia
bone pathology
bone-disease
Children
Dutour O
Evolutionary Biology
features
Greenwald C M
Hershkovitz I
iron deficiency
Jellema L M
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
Latimer B
Leonetti G
Pathogenesis
porotic hyperostosis
Rothschild B M
Rothschild C