1
40
2
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Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ar.20985" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1002/ar.20985</a>
Rights
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Pages
1370-1396
Issue
9
Volume
292
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
The Facial Integument Of Centrosaurine Ceratopsids: Morphological And Histological Correlates Of Novel Skin Structures
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Anatomical Record-Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2009
2009-09
Subject
The topic of the resource
adaptation; Anatomy & Morphology; bovidae; Centrosaurinae; dinosaurs; discrete characters; evolution; horn; molecular phylogeny; ontogeny; Ovibos; Pachyrhinosaurus; papillary horn; selection; sexual selection; social; triceratops
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Hieronymus T L; Witmer L M; Tanke D H; Currie P J
Description
An account of the resource
The horned dinosaur Pachyhinosaurus possesses rugose bony bosses across the skull roof in lieu of the projecting bony horn cores seen in most ceratopsians. This elaboration of typical ceratopsian ornaments provides an opportunity to test hypotheses of ceratopsian facial skin morphology and function. We analyze bone morphology and histology associated with several classes of skin features in extant amniotes using a classification tree analysis. We isolate key osteological and histological correlates for unpreserved skin structures, including both a pattern of pitting and resorption characteristic of muskox (Ovibos) frontal horn boss, and a pattern of metaplastic ossification characteristic of rhinoceros nasal horn boss. We also describe correlates for other skin features, such as epidermal scales and horn sheaths. Dermatocranial elements from centrosaurine ceratopsians are then examined for the same osteological and histological correlates. From this comparison we propose that the rugose bosses that replace horn cores in many centrosaurine dinosaurs, most notably Achelousaurus and Pachyrhinosaurus, were covered by a thick pad of cornified skin derived from the caudodorsal side of the primitive horn sheath comparable to the horny boss of extant muskoxen (Ovibos). We examine extant taxa with skin morphologies similar to Pachyrhinosaurus for consistent adaptive relationships between structure and behavior. We determine that high-energy head-butting is consistently associated with the acquisition of thick cornified pads, seen in muskoxen as well as helmeted hornbills [Buceros (=Rhinoplax) vigil] and African buffalo (Syncerus). The association of the bony ornaments of Pachyrhinosaurus with risky agonistic behaviors casts doubt on the role of species recognition as a primary selection pressure driving the diversity of all ceratopsian horns. We conclude that social selection (a broad form of intraspecific competition) is a more appropriate explanation for the diversity of centrosaurine ceratopsian ornaments in the Late Cretaceous. Anat Rec, 292:1370-1396, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ar.20985" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ar.20985</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
2009
Adaptation
Anatomical Record-Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology
Anatomy & Morphology
bovidae
Centrosaurinae
Currie P J
Dinosaurs
discrete characters
Evolution
Hieronymus T L
horn
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
molecular phylogeny
ontogeny
Ovibos
Pachyrhinosaurus
papillary horn
Selection
sexual selection
Social
Tanke D H
triceratops
Witmer L M
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1093/icb/icr068" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1093/icb/icr068</a>
Rights
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Pages
247-259
Issue
2
Volume
51
Search for Full-text
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<p>Users with a NEOMED Library login can search for full-text journal articles at the following url: <a href="https://libraryguides.neomed.edu/home">https://libraryguides.neomed.edu/home</a></p>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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A Preliminary Analysis of Correlated Evolution in Mammalian Chewing Motor Patterns
Publisher
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Integrative and Comparative Biology
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2011
2011-08
Subject
The topic of the resource
alpacas; discrete characters; electromyography; emg; fusion; jaw movements; masseter; masticatory muscles; mechanics; morphology; symphyseal; Zoology
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Williams S H; Vinyard C J; Wall C E; Doherty A H; Crompton A W; Hylander W L
Description
An account of the resource
Descriptive and quantitative analyses of electromyograms (EMG) from the jaw adductors during feeding in mammals have demonstrated both similarities and differences among species in chewing motor patterns. These observations have led to a number of hypotheses of the evolution of motor patterns, the most comprehensive of which was proposed by Weijs in 1994. Since then, new data have been collected and additional hypotheses for the evolution of motor patterns have been proposed. Here, we take advantage of these new data and a well-resolved species-level phylogeny for mammals to test for the correlated evolution of specific components of mammalian chewing motor patterns. We focus on the evolution of the coordination of working-side (WS) and balancing-side (BS) jaw adductors (i.e., Weijs' Triplets I and II), the evolution of WS and BS muscle recruitment levels, and the evolution of asynchrony between pairs of muscles. We converted existing chewing EMG data into binary traits to incorporate as much data as possible and facilitate robust phylogenetic analyses. We then tested hypotheses of correlated evolution of these traits across our phylogeny using a maximum likelihood method and the Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. Both sets of analyses yielded similar results highlighting the evolutionary changes that have occurred across mammals in chewing motor patterns. We find support for the correlated evolution of (1) Triplets I and II, (2) BS deep masseter asynchrony and Triplets I and II, (3) a relative delay in the activity of the BS deep masseter and a decrease in the ratio of WS to BS muscle recruitment levels, and (4) a relative delay in the activity of the BS deep masseter and a delay in the activity of the BS posterior temporalis. In contrast, changes in relative WS and BS activity levels across mammals are not correlated with Triplets I and II. Results from this work can be integrated with dietary and morphological data to better understand how feeding and the masticatory apparatus have evolved across mammals in the context of new masticatory demands.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1093/icb/icr068" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1093/icb/icr068</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Journal Article
2011
alpacas
Crompton A W
discrete characters
Doherty A H
Electromyography
emg
fusion
Hylander W L
Integrative and comparative biology
jaw movements
Journal Article
Masseter
masticatory muscles
mechanics
morphology
symphyseal
Vinyard C J
Wall C E
Williams S H
Zoology