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Bile acids activate a nuclear receptor, farnesoid X receptor (FXR), that induces bile salt export pump (BSEP) but inhibits cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) gene transcription in the liver. Guggulsterone, a plant sterol that lowers serum…

Background/Aims: The decrease in cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase induced by intraduodenal infusion of taurocholate in bile fistula vats may be indirect, i.e., mediated through release or absorption of an intestinal factor in response to the presence…

The sterol 12alpha-hydroxylase (CYP8B1) is a key enzyme of the bile acid biosynthetic pathway. It regulates the composition of bile acids in bile, i.e. ratio between cholic acid (CA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA). In similarity with cholesterol…

Activation of farnesoid X receptor (Fxr, Nr1h4) is a major mechanism in suppressing bile-acid synthesis by reducing the expression levels of genes encoding key bile-acid synthetic enzymes (e.g., cytochrome P450 [CYP]7A1/Cyp7a1 and CYP8B1/Cyp8b1).…
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