1
40
6
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2018.02.010" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2018.02.010</a>
Rights
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Pages
163-175
Volume
192
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Comparing The Use Of Meat And Clay During Cutting And Projectile Research
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Engineering Fracture Mechanics
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018
2018-04
Subject
The topic of the resource
angle; blades; Butchery; Force; Fracture; grip forces; indentation; knife sharpness; Material science; Mechanics; moments; performance; size; soft solids; Stone tool; tools
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Key A; Young J; Fisch M R; Chaney M E; Kramer A; Eren M I
Description
An account of the resource
Diverse disciplines investigate how muscular tissue (i.e. 'meat') responds to being cut and deformed, however, large-scale, empirically robust investigations into these matters are often impractical and expensive. Previous research has used clay as an alternative to meat. To establish whether clay is a reliable proxy for meat, we directly compare the two materials via a series of cutting and projectile tests. Results confirm that the two materials display distinct cutting mechanics, resistance to penetration and are not comparable. Under certain conditions clay can be used as an alternative to meat, although distinctions between the two may lead to experimental limitations.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2018.02.010" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.engfracmech.2018.02.010</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
2018
angle
blades
Butchery
Chaney M E
Engineering Fracture Mechanics
Eren M I
Fisch M R
force
Fracture
grip forces
indentation
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
Key A
knife sharpness
Kramer A
Material science
mechanics
moments
Performance
size
soft solids
Stone tool
tools
Young J
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.21529" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.21529</a>
Rights
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Pages
531-547
Issue
4
Volume
145
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Functional And Evolutionary Significance Of The Recruitment And Firing Patterns Of The Jaw Adductors During Chewing In Verreaux's Sifaka (propithecus Verreauxi)
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2011
2011-08
Subject
The topic of the resource
Anthropology; biomechanics; bone-strain; electromyography; Evolutionary Biology; Force; fusion; lemurs lemur-catta; macaca-fascicularis; mandibular symphysis; masseter force; mastication; muscle; primates; strepsirrhines; wishboning
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Hylander W L; Vinyard C J; Wall C E; Williams S H; Johnsonl K R
Description
An account of the resource
Jaw-muscle electromyographic (EMG) patterns indicate that compared with thick-tailed galagos and ring-tailed lemurs, anthropoids recruit more relative EMG from their balancing-side deep masseter, and that this muscle peaks late in the power stroke. These recruitment and firing patterns in anthropoids are thought to cause the mandibular symphysis to wishbone (lateral transverse bending), resulting in relatively high symphyseal stresses. We test the hypothesis that living strepsirrhines with robust, partially fused symphyses have muscle recruitment and firing patterns more similar to anthropoids, unlike those strepsirrhines with highly mobile unfused symphyses. Electromyographic (EMG) activity of the superficial and deep masseter, anterior and posterior temporalis, and medial pterygoid muscles were recorded in four dentally adult Verreaux's sifakas (Propithecus verreauxi). As predicted, we find that sifaka motor patterns are more similar to anthropoids. For example, among sifakas, recruitment levels of the balancing-side (b-s) deep masseter are high, and the b-s deep masseter fires late during the power stroke. As adult sifakas often exhibit nearly complete symphyseal fusion, these data support the hypothesis that the evolution of symphyseal fusion in primates is functionally linked to wishboning. Furthermore, these data provide compelling evidence for the convergent evolution of the wishboning motor patterns in anthropoids and sifakas. Am J Phys Anthropol 145:531-547, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.21529" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajpa.21529</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
2011
American journal of physical anthropology
Anthropology
biomechanics
bone-strain
Electromyography
Evolutionary Biology
force
fusion
Hylander W L
Johnsonl K R
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
lemurs lemur-catta
macaca-fascicularis
mandibular symphysis
masseter force
Mastication
Muscle
Primates
strepsirrhines
Vinyard C J
Wall C E
Williams S H
wishboning
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/jez.a.362" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1002/jez.a.362</a>
Rights
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Pages
226-240
Issue
4
Volume
307A
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Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Masticatory motor patterns in ungulates: A quantitative assessment of jaw-muscle coordination in goats, alpacas and horses
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Journal of Experimental Zoology Part a-Ecological Genetics and Physiology
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2007
2007-04
Subject
The topic of the resource
electromyography; emg; force; fusion; mandibular symphysis; masseter muscle; movements; pigs; Zoology
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Williams S H; Vinyard C J; Wall C E; Hylander W L
Description
An account of the resource
We investigated patterns of jaw-muscle coordination during rhythmic mastication in three species of ungulates displaying the marked transverse jaw movements typical of many large mammalian herbivores. In order to quantify consistent motor patterns during chewing, electromyograms were recorded from the superficial masseter, deep masseter, posterior temporalis and medial pterygoid muscles of goats, alpacas and horses. Timing differences between muscle pairs were evaluated in the context of an evolutionary model of jaw-muscle function. In this model, the closing and food reduction phases of mastication are primarily controlled by two distinct muscle groups, triplet I (balancing-side superficial masseter and medial pterygoid and working-side posterior temporalis) and triplet II (working-side superficial masseter and medial pterygoid and balancing-side posterior temporalis), and the asynchronous activity of the working- and balancing-side deep masseters. The three species differ in the extent to which the jaw muscles are coordinated as triplet I and triplet II. Alpacas, And to a lesser extent, goats, exhibit the triplet pattern whereas horses do not. In contrast, all three species show marked asynchrony of the working-side and balancing-side deep masseters, with jaw closing initiated by the working-side muscle and the balancing-side muscle firing much later during closing. However, goats differ from alpacas and horses in the timing of the balancing-side deep masseter relative to the triplet II muscles. This study highlights interspecific differences in the coordination of jaw muscles to influence transverse jaw movements and the production of bite force in herbivorous ungulates.
Identifier
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/jez.a.362" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/jez.a.362</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Journal Article
2007
Electromyography
emg
force
fusion
Hylander W L
Journal Article
Journal of Experimental Zoology Part a-Ecological Genetics and Physiology
mandibular symphysis
masseter muscle
movements
pigs
Vinyard C J
Wall C E
Williams S H
Zoology
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2016.06.003" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2016.06.003</a>
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Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Pages
50-55
Volume
9
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Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Using electromyography as a research tool in food science
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Current Opinion in Food Science
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016
2016-06
Subject
The topic of the resource
chewing behavior; emg; Food Science & Technology; force; mastication; muscle; normalization; patterns; release; surface electromyography; texture-perception
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Vinyard C J; Fiszman S
Description
An account of the resource
The jaw muscles play key functional roles during feeding. During contraction, a bioelectrical signal propagates along the muscle cell helping to coordinate muscle contraction. This signal can be measured via electromyography (EMG). Food scientists have increasingly adopted EMG as a tool for studying the relationships among food textures and oral processing. Specifically, food scientists have used EMG from the feeding muscles as (1) a general measure of food texture, (2) a measure of oral physiology, (3) an estimate of absolute force and (4) a measure of muscle work. Unfortunately, physiological research indicates that estimates of absolute force and mechanical work are not reliably indicated from EMG as it is best considered an indicator of muscle activity and relative recruitment levels.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2016.06.003" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.cofs.2016.06.003</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Journal Article
2016
chewing behavior
Current Opinion in Food Science
emg
Fiszman S
Food Science & Technology
force
Journal Article
Mastication
Muscle
normalization
patterns
release
surface electromyography
texture-perception
Vinyard C J
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.11607/ijp.3931" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.11607/ijp.3931</a>
Rights
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Pages
79-92
Issue
1
Volume
28
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Title
A name given to the resource
Electromyographic Evaluation of Masticatory Muscles in Dentate Patients Versus Conventional and Implant-Supported Fixed and Removable Denture Wearers- A Preliminary Report Comparing Model Foods
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
International Journal of Prosthodontics
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015
2015-01
Subject
The topic of the resource
bridges; chewing patterns; Dentistry; fluids; force; Oral Surgery & Medicine; performance; reflex; size; swallowing threshold; texture-perception; young
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Uram-Tuculescu S; Cooper L F; Foegeding E A; Vinyard C J; De Kok I J; Essick G
Description
An account of the resource
Purpose: To evaluate differences in masticatory muscle function during chewing of model foods designed to differ in fracture strength between dentate subjects (n = 5, ages 59 to 68 years) versus patients treated with a maxillary conventional complete denture opposing natural dentition or one of the following types of mandibular complete dentures: conventional, implant-supported overdenture, implant-supported fixed denture (n = 20, ages 45 to 83 years). The authors hypothesized that denture wearers would differ in duration of chewing, frequency of chewing, and masticatory muscle activity while preparing a bolus for swallowing. Materials and Methods: Surface electromyography was recorded bilaterally from the masseter, anterior temporalis, and anterior digastric. Masticatory muscle activity was evaluated using scaled values of the area under the electromyographic curve, while subjects chewed agar-based model foods with different fracture strengths. Chewing duration and frequency also were calculated from electromyographic recordings. Mixed model analysis of variance with "subject" as a random factor was used during statistical analysis. Logarithmic transformation was required to achieve normalization of residuals for the duration of chewing and the relative masticatory muscles activity, but not for the chewing frequency. Results: Relative masticatory muscle activity was 2.57 times higher for the denture wearers than for the dentate subjects during chewing of model foods (P < .0001). The reduction in masticatory muscle activity from the 1st to the 10th chewing cycle was proportionally less in magnitude and occurred more gradually for denture wearers compared to dentate subjects. While chewing sequence duration increased with food fracture strength, it did not differ significantly in treatment versus dentate groups. Chewing cycle frequency did not differ between groups or with food fracture strength. Conclusions: The observed increases in relative masticatory muscle activity for denture wearers compared to the dentate subjects during oral food processing likely reflect supplemental mechanical efforts to accommodate the use of dentures for preparing a bolus for swallowing.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.11607/ijp.3931" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.11607/ijp.3931</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Journal Article
2015
bridges
chewing patterns
Cooper L F
De Kok I J
Dentistry
Essick G
fluids
Foegeding E A
force
International Journal of Prosthodontics
Journal Article
Oral Surgery & Medicine
Performance
Reflex
size
swallowing threshold
texture-perception
Uram-Tuculescu S
Vinyard C J
young
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1111/joa.12991" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1111/joa.12991</a>
Rights
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Pages
106-123
Issue
1
Volume
235
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Ontogenetic allometry and architectural properties of the paravertebral and hindlimb musculature in Eastern cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus): functional implications for developmental changes in locomotor performance
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Journal of Anatomy
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2019
2019-07
Subject
The topic of the resource
acceleration; force; muscle mass; ontogeny; physiological cross-sectional area; power; scaling
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Butcher M T; Rose J A; Glenn Z D; Tatomirovich N M; Russo G A; Foster A D; Smith G A; Young J W
Description
An account of the resource
Due to small body size, an immature musculoskeletal system, and other growth-related limits on performance, juvenile mammals frequently experience a greater risk of predation than their adult counterparts. As a result, behaviorally precocious juveniles are hypothesized to exhibit musculoskeletal advantages that permit them to accelerate rapidly and evade predation. This hypothesis was tested through detailed quantitative evaluation of muscle growth in wild Eastern cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus). Cottontail rabbits experience high rates of mortality during the first year of life, suggesting that selection might act to improve performance in growing juveniles. Therefore, it was predicted that muscle properties associated with force and power capacity should be enhanced in juvenile rabbits to facilitate enhanced locomotor performance. We quantified muscle architecture from 24 paravertebral and hindlimb muscles across ontogeny in a sample of n = 29 rabbits and evaluated the body mass scaling of muscle mass (MM), physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA), isometric force (Fmax ), and instantaneous power (Pinst ), along with several dimensionless architectural indices. In contrast to our hypothesis, MM and PCSA for most muscles change with positive allometry during growth by scaling at M b 1.3 and M b 1.1 , respectively, whereas Fmax and Pinst generally scale indistinguishably from isometry, as do the architectural indices tested. However, scaling patterns indicate that the digital flexors and ankle extensors of juvenile S. floridanus have greater capacities for force and power, respectively, than those in adults, suggesting these muscle properties may be a part of several compensatory features that promote enhanced acceleration performance in young rabbits. Overall, our study implies that body size constraints place larger, more mature rabbits at a disadvantage during acceleration, and that adults must develop hypertrophied muscles in order to maintain mechanical similarity in force and power capacities across development. These findings challenge the accepted understanding that juvenile animals are at a performance detriment relative to adults. Instead, for prey-predator interactions necessitating short intervals of high force and power generation relative to body mass, as demonstrated by rapid acceleration of cottontail rabbits fleeing predators, it may be the adults that struggle to keep pace with juveniles.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1111/joa.12991" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1111/joa.12991</a>
2019
acceleration
Butcher M T
Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology
force
Foster A D
Glenn Z D
Journal of anatomy
June 2019 Update
Muscle mass
NEOMED College of Medicine
ontogeny
physiological cross-sectional area
Power
Rose J A
Russo G A
scaling
Smith G A
Tatomirovich N M
Young J W