1
40
2
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Text
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.3339/fnins.2016.00263" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.3339/fnins.2016.00263</a>
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Pages
13-13
Volume
10
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Dublin Core
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Title
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Benefits Of Stimulus Exposure: Developmental Learning Independent Of Task Performance
Publisher
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Frontiers in Neuroscience
Date
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2016
2016-06
Subject
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acoustic startle response; adolescent; adult; auditory perception; critical period; development; ear muscle-reflex; experience; gap detection; inferior colliculus; learning; maternal separation; Neurosciences & Neurology; perceptual deterioration; prepulse inhibition; primary auditory-cortex; voice onset time
Creator
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Green D B; Ohlemacher J; Rosen M J
Description
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Perceptual learning (training-induced performance improvement) can be elicited by task-irrelevant stimulus exposure in humans. In contrast, task-irrelevant stimulus exposure in animals typically disrupts perception in juveniles while causing little to no effect in adults. This may be due to the extent of exposure, which is brief in humans while chronic in animals. Here we assessed the effects of short bouts of passive stimulus exposure on learning during development in gerbils, compared with non-passive stimulus exposure (i.e., during testing). We used prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response, a method that can be applied at any age, to measure gap detection thresholds across four age groups, spanning development. First, we showed that both gap detection thresholds and gap detection learning across sessions displayed a long developmental trajectory, improving throughout the juvenile period. Additionally, we demonstrated larger within- and across-animal performance variability in younger animals. These results are generally consistent with results in humans, where there are extended developmental trajectories for both the perception of temporally-varying signals, and the effects of perceptual training, as well as increased variability and poorer performance consistency in children. We then chose an age (mid-juveniles) that displayed clear learning over sessions in order to assess effects of brief passive stimulus exposure on this learning. We compared learning in mid-juveniles exposed to either gap detection testing (gaps paired with startles) or equivalent gap exposure without testing (gaps alone) for three sessions. Learning was equivalent in both these groups and better than both naive age-matched animals and controls receiving no gap exposure but only startle testing. Thus, short bouts of exposure to gaps independent of task performance is sufficient to induce learning at this age, and is as effective as gap detection testing.
Identifier
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.3339/fnins.2016.00263" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.3339/fnins.2016.00263</a>
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Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
2016
acoustic startle response
Adolescent
Adult
Auditory Perception
critical period
development
ear muscle-reflex
experience
Frontiers in neuroscience
gap detection
Green D B
inferior colliculus
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
Learning
maternal separation
Neurosciences & Neurology
Ohlemacher J
perceptual deterioration
prepulse inhibition
primary auditory-cortex
Rosen M J
voice onset time
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00263" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00263</a>
Pages
263–263
Volume
10
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Benefits of Stimulus Exposure: Developmental Learning Independent of Task Performance.
Publisher
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Frontiers in neuroscience
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016
1905-07
Subject
The topic of the resource
development; adolescent; adult; auditory perception; experience; gap detection; learning; prepulse inhibition
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Green David B; Ohlemacher Jocelyn; Rosen Merri J
Description
An account of the resource
Perceptual learning (training-induced performance improvement) can be elicited by task-irrelevant stimulus exposure in humans. In contrast, task-irrelevant stimulus exposure in animals typically disrupts perception in juveniles while causing little to no effect in adults. This may be due to the extent of exposure, which is brief in humans while chronic in animals. Here we assessed the effects of short bouts of passive stimulus exposure on learning during development in gerbils, compared with non-passive stimulus exposure (i.e., during testing). We used prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response, a method that can be applied at any age, to measure gap detection thresholds across four age groups, spanning development. First, we showed that both gap detection thresholds and gap detection learning across sessions displayed a long developmental trajectory, improving throughout the juvenile period. Additionally, we demonstrated larger within- and across-animal performance variability in younger animals. These results are generally consistent with results in humans, where there are extended developmental trajectories for both the perception of temporally-varying signals, and the effects of perceptual training, as well as increased variability and poorer performance consistency in children. We then chose an age (mid-juveniles) that displayed clear learning over sessions in order to assess effects of brief passive stimulus exposure on this learning. We compared learning in mid-juveniles exposed to either gap detection testing (gaps paired with startles) or equivalent gap exposure without testing (gaps alone) for three sessions. Learning was equivalent in both these groups and better than both naive age-matched animals and controls receiving no gap exposure but only startle testing. Thus, short bouts of exposure to gaps independent of task performance is sufficient to induce learning at this age, and is as effective as gap detection testing.
Identifier
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00263" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.3389/fnins.2016.00263</a>
Rights
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Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
2016
Adolescent
Adult
Auditory Perception
Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology
development
experience
Frontiers in neuroscience
gap detection
Green David B
Learning
NEOMED College of Medicine
Ohlemacher Jocelyn
prepulse inhibition
Rosen Merri J