1
40
6
-
Text
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URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-014-9256-7" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-014-9256-7</a>
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Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Pages
93-109
Issue
1
Volume
22
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Intervertebral and Epiphyseal Fusion in the Postnatal Ontogeny of Cetaceans and Terrestrial Mammals
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Journal of Mammalian Evolution
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015
2015-03
Subject
The topic of the resource
baleen; Cetacea; Evolutionary Biology; Zoology; India; skeleton; morphology; artiodactyls; Eocene; whales; locomotor evolution; body length; Epiphyseal; fusion; Intervertebral; Vertebra; vertebral osteology
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Moran M M; Bajpai S; George J C; Suydam R; Usip S; Thewissen J G M
Description
An account of the resource
In this paper we studied three related aspects of the ontogeny of the vertebral centrum of cetaceans and terrestrial mammals in an evolutionary context. We determined patterns of ontogenetic fusion of the vertebral epiphyses in bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) and beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas), comparing those to terrestrial mammals and Eocene cetaceans. We found that epiphyseal fusion is initiated in the neck and the sacral region of terrestrial mammals, while in recent aquatic mammals epiphyseal fusion is initiated in the neck and caudal regions, suggesting locomotor pattern and environment affect fusion pattern. We also studied bony fusion of the sacrum and evaluated criteria used to homologize cetacean vertebrae with the fused sacrum of terrestrial mammals. We found that the initial ossification of the vertebral pedicles in the fetus may be a reliable indicator of sacral homology inmodern cetaceans. Finally, we also studied fusion of the centra of cervical vertebrae in B. mysticetus and found that it is not completed until after sexual maturity, and after 20 years of age.
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An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-014-9256-7" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1007/s10914-014-9256-7</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
2015
artiodactyls
Bajpai S
baleen
body length
Cetacea
eocene
Epiphyseal
Evolutionary Biology
fusion
George J C
India
Intervertebral
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
Journal of Mammalian Evolution
locomotor evolution
Moran M M
morphology
Skeleton
Suydam R
Thewissen J G M
Usip S
Vertebra
vertebral osteology
WHALES
Zoology
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-009-0060-0" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-009-0060-0</a>
Rights
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Pages
673-686
Issue
5
Volume
34
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
The origin and early evolution of whales: macroevolution documented on the Indian Subcontinent
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Journal of Biosciences
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2009
2009-11
Subject
The topic of the resource
Cetacea; India; evolution; energetics; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; artiodactyls; Eocene; pakistan; whales; cetaceans; Eocene; cetartiodactyla; locomotor evolution; dolphins; middle; semiaquatic mammals; underwater hearing
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Bajpai S; Thewissen J G M; Sahni A
Description
An account of the resource
The origin of whales (order Cetacea) from a four-footed land animal is one of the best understood examples of macroevolutionary change. This evolutionary transition has been substantially elucidated by fossil finds from the Indian subcontinent in the past decade and a half. Here, we review the first steps of whale evolution, i.e. the transition from a land mammal to obligate marine predators, documented by the Eocene cetacean families of the Indian subcontinent: Pakicetidae, Ambulocetidae, Remingtonocetidae, Protocetidae, and Basilosauridae, as well as their artiodactyl sister group, the Raoellidae. We also discuss the influence that the excellent fossil record has on the study of the evolution of organ systems, in particular the locomotor and hearing systems.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-009-0060-0" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1007/s12038-009-0060-0</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
2009
artiodactyls
Bajpai S
Cetacea
cetaceans
Cetartiodactyla
dolphins
energetics
eocene
Evolution
India
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
Journal of Biosciences
Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
locomotor evolution
middle
Pakistan
Sahni A
semiaquatic mammals
Thewissen J G M
underwater hearing
WHALES
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
n/a
Rights
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Pages
19-19
Issue
3
Volume
17
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Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Protocetid cetaceans (Mammalia) from the Eocene of India
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Palaeontologia Electronica
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2014
2014
Subject
The topic of the resource
Cetacea; India; hearing; Paleontology; morphology; origin; pakistan; Eocene; locomotor evolution; Mammalia; middle eocene; earliest cetaceans; ambulocetidae; early whales; kutch; New genus; New species
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Bajpai S; Thewissen J G M
Description
An account of the resource
Protocetid cetaceans were first described from the Eocene of India in 1975, but many more specimens have been discovered since then and are described here. All specimens are from District Kutch in the State of Gujarat and were recovered in deposits approximately 42 million years old. Valid species described in the past include Indocetus ramani, Babiacetus indicus and B. mishrai. We here describe new material for Indocetus, including lower teeth and deciduous premolars. We also describe two new genera and species: Kharodacetus sahnii and Dhedacetus hyaeni. Kharodacetus is mostly based on a very well preserved rostrum and mandibles with teeth, and Dhedacetus is based on a partial skull with vertebral column. The Kutch protocetid fauna differs from the protocetid fauna of the Pakistani Sulaiman Range, possibly because the latter is partly older, and/or because it samples a different environment, being located on the trailing edge of the Indian Plate, directly exposed to the Indian Ocean.
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n/a
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The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
2014
ambulocetidae
Bajpai S
Cetacea
earliest cetaceans
early whales
eocene
Hearing
India
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
kutch
locomotor evolution
Mammalia
middle eocene
morphology
New genus
new species
origin
Pakistan
Palaeontologia Electronica
Paleontology
Thewissen J G M
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1666/08-045.1" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1666/08-045.1</a>
Rights
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Pages
635-663
Issue
5
Volume
83
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Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
NEW SKELETAL MATERIAL OF ANDREWSIPHIUS AND KUTCHICETUS, TWO EOCENE CETACEANS FROM INDIA
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Journal of Paleontology
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2009
2009-09
Subject
The topic of the resource
artiodactyls; gujarat; hearing; kachchh; locomotor evolution; mammalia; Paleontology; whales
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Thewissen J G M; Bajpai S
Description
An account of the resource
The Eocene cetacean genera Andrewsiphius and Kutchicetus are systematically revised, their anatomy described, and their phylogenetic position analyzed. Each genus contains a single species, A. sloani and K. minimus, and both are known only from the middle Eocene of the Indian Subcontinent. Andrewsiphius and Kutchicetus differ in a number of respects, the most important dental difference being that P2, P3, p2, and p3 are double-rooted in Andrewsiphius and single-rooted in Kutchicetus. Lower molars are separated by diastemata in Kutchicetus, but not in Andrewsiphius. Postcranially, Andrewsiphius has caudal vertebrae that are far more robust than those of Kutchicetus. We propose the new clade Andrewsiphiinae for these two genera, based on their unique characters: the extremely slender jaw, fused mandibular symphysis, narrow palate and rostrum, and lower molars that have a low crown with three Cusps lined tip rostro-caudally. A phylogenetic analysis indicates that andrewsiphiines are either a subfamily of Remingtonocetidae or an independent branch on the Eocene cetacean lineage. Interpreting conservatively, we classify them as remingtonocetids. Andrewsiphiines have a long, robust, dorso-ventrally flattened tail and short limbs, Suggesting that they swam using dorsoventral undulation of the tail.
Identifier
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1666/08-045.1" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1666/08-045.1</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Journal Article
2009
artiodactyls
Bajpai S
gujarat
Hearing
Journal Article
Journal of Paleontology
kachchh
locomotor evolution
Mammalia
Paleontology
Thewissen J G M
WHALES
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ecolysis.33.020602.095426" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ecolysis.33.020602.095426</a>
Rights
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Pages
73-90
Volume
33
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The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
The early radiations of cetacea (Mammalia): Evolutionary pattern and developmental correlations
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2002
2002
Subject
The topic of the resource
archaeocete; artiodactyls; development; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; evolution; Evolutionary Biology; feet; fossil record; India; locomotor evolution; marine mammal; middle eocene; origin; pakistan; Stenella attenuata; time; whales
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Thewissen J G M; Williams E M
Description
An account of the resource
The origin and early evolution of Cetacea (whales, dolphins, and porpoises) is one of the best examples of macroevolution as documented by fossils. Early whales are divided into six families that differ greatly in their habitats, which varied from land to freshwater, coastal waters, and fully marine. Early cetaceans lived in the Eocene (55-37 million years ago), and they show an enormous morphological diversity. Toward the end of the Eocene the modem cetacean body plan originated, and this body plan remained more or less the same in the subsequent evolution. It is possible that some aspects of this body plan are rooted in constraints that are dictated by cetacean embryologic development and controlled by genes that affect many organ systems at once. It may be possible to use a study of patterns of correlations among morphological traits to test hypotheses of developmental links among organ systems.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ecolysis.33.020602.095426" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1146/annurev.ecolysis.33.020602.095426</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Journal Article
2002
Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics
archaeocete
artiodactyls
development
Environmental Sciences & Ecology
Evolution
Evolutionary Biology
Feet
fossil record
India
Journal Article
locomotor evolution
marine mammal
middle eocene
origin
Pakistan
Stenella attenuata
Thewissen J G M
Time
WHALES
Williams E M
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1038/417163a" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1038/417163a</a>
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Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Pages
163-166
Issue
6885
Volume
417
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Title
A name given to the resource
Vestibular evidence for the evolution of aquatic behaviour in early cetaceans
Publisher
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Nature
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2002
2002-05
Subject
The topic of the resource
artiodactyls; bony labyrinth; feet; hearing; inner-ear; locomotor evolution; model; origin; petrosal; Science & Technology - Other Topics; whales
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Spoor F; Bajpal S; Hussaim S T; Kumar K; Thewissen J G M
Description
An account of the resource
Early cetaceans evolved from terrestrial quadrupeds to obligate swimmers, a change that is traditionally studied by functional analysis of the postcranial skeleton(1). Here we assess the evolution of cetacean locomotor behaviour from an independent perspective by looking at the semicircular canal system, one of the main sense organs involved in neural control of locomotion(2). Extant cetaceans are found to be unique in that their canal arc size, corrected for body mass, is approximately three times smaller than in other mammals. This reduces the sensitivity of the canal system, most plausibly to match the fast body rotations that characterize cetacean behaviour. Eocene fossils show that the new sensory regime, incompatible with terrestrial competence, developed quickly and early in cetacean evolution, as soon as the taxa are associated with marine environments. Dedicated agile swimming of cetaceans thus appeared to have originated as a rapid and fundamental shift in locomotion rather than as the gradual transition suggested by postcranial evidence. We hypothesize that the unparalleled modification of the semicircular canal system represented a key 'point of no return' event in early cetacean evolution, leading to full independence from life on land.
Identifier
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1038/417163a" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1038/417163a</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Journal Article
2002
artiodactyls
Bajpal S
bony labyrinth
Feet
Hearing
Hussaim S T
inner-ear
Journal Article
Kumar K
locomotor evolution
model
Nature
origin
petrosal
Science & Technology - Other Topics
Spoor F
Thewissen J G M
WHALES