Sex and temporally-dependent effects of methamphetamine toxicity on dopamine markers and signaling pathways
dopamine; Akt; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; gene-expression; estrous-cycle; striatum; protein-phosphorylation; markers; glycogen-synthase kinase-3-beta; Methamphetamine; Sex difference; evoked striatal dopamine; induced neurotoxicity; monoamine; neuronal apoptosis; neurotoxicity; physiological functions; terminal; transporters
Methamphetamine induces a greater neurodegenerative effect in male versus female mice. In order to investigate this sex difference we studied the involvement of Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) in methamphetamine toxicity as a function of time post-treatment (30 min, 1 and 3 days). Methamphetamine-induced decreases in dopamine concentrations and dopamine transporter (DAT) specific binding in the medial striatum were similar in female and male mice when evaluated 1 day post-methamphetamine (40 mg/kg). At 3 days post-methamphetamine, striatal dopamine concentration and DAT specific binding continued to decline in males, whereas females showed a recovery with increases in dopamine content and DAT specific binding in medial striatum at day 3 versus day 1 post-methamphetamine. The reduction in striatal vesicular monoamine transporter 2 specific binding observed at 1 and 3 days post-methamphetamine showed neither a sex- nor temporal-dependant effect. Under the present experimental conditions, methamphetamine treatments had modest effects on dopamine markers measured in the substantia nigra. Proteins assessed by Western blots showed similar reductions in both female and male mice for DAT proteins at 1 and 3 days post-methamphetamine. An increase in the phosphorylation of striatal Akt (after 1 day), glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (at 1 and 3 days) and ERK1/2 (30 min post-methamphetamine) was only observed in females. Striatal glial fibrillary acidic protein levels were augmented in both females and males at 3 days post-methamphetamine. These results reveal some of the sex- and temporally-dependent effects of methamphetamine toxicity on dopaminergic markers and suggest some of the signaling pathways associated with these responses. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Bourque M; Dluzen D E; Di Paolo T
Neuropharmacology
2012
2012-06
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.02.009" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.02.009</a>
In-hospital levels of C-reactive protein and IL-6 predict post-operative depressive symptoms among patients undergoing total knee replacement surgery
stress; Psychiatry; inflammation; arthroplasty; Neurosciences & Neurology; Immunology; major depression; symptoms; markers; total hip-replacement; coronary-heart-disease; Acute phase proteins; Acute phase proteins; C-reactive protein; Depressive; Interleukin-6; mood; Post-operative outcomes; serum interleukin-6; Total knee replacement surgery
Behavioral changes observed following immune system activation are similar to many of the hallmark symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD), including appetite change, lethargy, fatigue, negative mood and anhedonia. Acute phase proteins, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) have been implicated in the production of sickness behavior, and research has revealed significant differences in the levels of these acute phase proteins between depressed and non-depressed individuals. The current study examined whether early post-operative IL-6 and CRP levels predicted subsequent depressive symptoms in 110 patients undergoing total knee replacement surgery (TKR). In-hospital levels of IL-6 and CRP predicted depressive symptoms at three-months following surgery, as indicated by significant main effects and a significant interaction term. Specifically, lower levels of in-hospital CRP and higher levels of IL-6 in-hospital predicted more depressive symptoms three-months following surgery. The finding that levels of acute phase proteins soon after surgery predict subsequent depressive symptoms, if replicated, extends prior research on the relationships between IL-6, CRP, and depression. Further, this predictive relationship suggests the possibility of early identification of individuals at risk for the subsequent development of post-operative depression. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Cremeans-Smith J K; Soehlen S; Greene K; Alexander T; Delahanty D L
Brain Behavior and Immunity
2009
2009-11
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2009.06.148" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.bbi.2009.06.148</a>
The Ability Of The Quadruple Test To Predict Adverse Perinatal Outcomes In A High-risk Obstetric Population
alpha-fetoprotein; association; birth; down-syndrome; Environmental & Occupational Health; human chorionic-gonadotropin; intrauterine growth restriction; markers; maternal; preeclampsia; pregnancy; Public; serum inhibin
`Objective To determine the ability of the quadruple Down's syndrome screening test (quad screen) to predict other adverse perinatal outcomes (APO) in a high-risk obstetric population. Setting A tertiary medical centre in West Virginia. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 342 obstetric patients with quad screen data from a single clinic. The quad screen included maternal serum levels of alphafetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), uncongjugated oestriol (uE(3)) and inhibin A. The risk of APO was compared between patients with at least one abnormal marker versus no abnormal markers and >= 2 abnormal markers versus <2 abnormal markers. Abnormal markers were determined by cut-off values produced by Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curves and the FASTER trial. Unadjusted and adjusted effects were estimated using logistic regression analysis. Results The risk of having an APO increased significantly for patients with abnormal markers by about three-fold using ROC and two-fold using FASTER trial thresholds. Conclusions The quad screen shows value in predicting risk of APO in high-risk patients.
Lao M R; Calhoun B C; Bracero L A; Wang Y; Seybold D J; Brace M; Hatjis C G
Journal of Medical Screening
2009
2009
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1258/jms.2009.009017" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1258/jms.2009.009017</a>