Experiences Of Belittlement And Harassment And Their Correlates Among Medical Students In The United States: Longitudinal Survey
abuse; education; gender discrimination; General & Internal Medicine; Health; mistreatment; perceptions; perspectives; school; sexual harassment; us women physicians
Frank E; Carrera J S; Stratton T; Bickel J; Nora L M
Bmj-British Medical Journal
2006
2006-09
Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.38924.722037.7C" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1136/bmj.38924.722037.7C</a>
The professionalism movement: Can we pause?
ACGME outcomes; Biomedical Social Sciences; education; justice; medical; Medical Ethics; Medical Ethics; medical humanities; medical-student abuse; mistreatment; perceptions; professionalism; professionalism professional development; school; social; Social Issues; Social Sciences - Other Topics; virtue
The topic of developing professionalism dominated the content of many academic medicine publications and conference agendas during the past decade. Calls to address the development of professionalism among medical students and residents have come from professional societies, accrediting agencies, and a host of educators in the biomedical sciences. The language of the professionalism movement is now a given among those in academic medicine. We raise serious concerns about the professionalism discourse and how the specialized language of academic medicine disciplines has defined, organized, contained, and made seemingly immutable a group of attitudes, values, and behaviors subsumed under the label of "professionalism." In particular, we argue that the professionalism discourse needs to pay more attention to the academic environment in which students are educated, that it should articulate specific positive behaviors, that the theory of professionalism must be constructed from a dialogue with those we are educating, and that this theoretical and practical discourse must aim at a deeper understanding of social justice and the role of medicine within a just society.
Wear D; Kuczewski M G
American Journal of Bioethics
2004
2004
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1162/152651604323097600" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1162/152651604323097600</a>
Does students' exposure to gender discrimination and sexual harassment in medical school affect specialty choice and residency program selection?
abuse; clinical-experiences; consequences; education; Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; impact; mistreatment; perceptions; perspectives; Surgery; women
Purpose To examine the role of gender discrimination and sexual harassment in medical students' choice of specialty and residency program. Method Anonymous, self-administered questionnaires were distributed in 1997 to fourth-year students enrolled in 14 public and private U.S. medical schools. In addition to reporting the frequency of gender discrimination and sexual harassment encountered during preclinical coursework, core clerkships, elective clerkships, and residency selection, students assessed the impact of these exposures (none, a little, some, quite a bit, the deciding factor) on their specialty choices and rankings of residency programs. Results A total of 1,314 (69%) useable questionnaires were returned. Large percentages of men (83.2%) and women (92.8%) experienced, observed, or heard about at least one incident of gender discrimination and sexual harassment during medical school, although more women reported such behavior across all training contexts. Compared with men, significantly (p :<= .01) more women who reported exposure indicated that gender discrimination and sexual harassment influenced their specialty choices (45.3% versus 16.4%) and residency rankings (25.3% versus 10.9%). Across all specialties, more women than men experienced gender discrimination and sexual harassment during residency selection, with one exception: a larger percentage of men choosing obstetrics and gynecology experienced such behavior. Among women, those choosing general surgery were most likely to experience gender discrimination and sexual harassment during residency selection. Interestingly, correlations between exposure to gender discrimination and sexual harassment and self-assessed impact on career decisions tended to be larger for men, suggesting that although fewer men are generally affected, they may weigh such experiences more heavily in their choice of specialty and residency program. Conclusion This study suggests that exposure to gender discrimination and sexual harassment during undergraduate education may influence some medical students' choice of specialty and, to a lesser degree, ranking of residency programs.
Stratton T D; McLaughlin M A; Witte F M; Fosson S E; Nora L M
Academic Medicine
2005
2005-04
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1097/00001888-200504000-00020" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1097/00001888-200504000-00020</a>