1
40
2
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1007/s10764-007-9178-9" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1007/s10764-007-9178-9</a>
Rights
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Pages
1421-1439
Issue
6
Volume
29
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Linking Laboratory and Field Approaches in Studying the Evolutionary Physiology of Biting in Bamboo Lemurs
Publisher
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International Journal of Primatology
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2008
2008-12
Subject
The topic of the resource
bamboo; bite force; biting; bone strain; galago crassicaudatus; indian anolis; jaw functional morphology; lizard sceloporus-merriami; lizards; load resistance; locomotor performance; macaca-fascicularis; mandibular function; periodontal mechanoreceptors; ranomafana national-park; Zoology
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Vinyard C; Yamashita N; Tan C
Description
An account of the resource
A realistic understanding of primate morphological adaptations requires a multidisciplinary approach including experimental studies of physiological performance and field studies documenting natural behaviors and reproductive success. For primate feeding, integrative efforts combining experimental and ecological approaches are rare. We discuss methods for collecting maximum bite forces in the field as part of an integrated ecomorphological research design. Specifically, we compare maximum biting ability in 3 sympatric bamboo lemurs (Hapalemur simus, H. aureus, and H. griseus) at Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar to determine if biting performance contributes to the observed partitioning of a shared bamboo diet. We assessed performance by recording maximum bite forces via jaw-muscle stimulations in anesthetized subjects from each species. Behavioral observations and food properties testing show that the largest species, Hapalemur simus, consumes the largest and most mechanically challenging foods. Our results suggest that Hapalemur simus can generate larger bite forces on average than those of the 2 smaller species. However, the overlap in maximum biting ability between Hapalemur simus and H. aureus indicates that biting performance cannot be the sole factor driving dietary segregation. Though maximum bite force does not fully explain dietary segregation, we hypothesize that size-related increases in both maximum bite force and jaw robusticity provide Hapalemur simus with an improved ability to process routinely its more obdurate diet. We demonstrate the feasibility of collecting physiological, ecological, and morphological data on the same free-ranging primates in their natural habitats. Integrating traditionally laboratory-based approaches with field studies broadens the range of potential primate species for physiological research and fosters improved tests of hypothesized feeding adaptations.
Identifier
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1007/s10764-007-9178-9" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1007/s10764-007-9178-9</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Journal Article
2008
bamboo
Bite Force
biting
bone strain
galago crassicaudatus
indian anolis
international journal of primatology
jaw functional morphology
Journal Article
lizard sceloporus-merriami
lizards
load resistance
locomotor performance
macaca-fascicularis
mandibular function
periodontal mechanoreceptors
ranomafana national-park
Tan C
Vinyard C
Yamashita N
Zoology
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.20751" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.20751</a>
Rights
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Pages
56-61
Issue
1
Volume
72
Search for Full-text
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Title
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Semi-Quantitative Tests of Cyanide in Foods and Excreta of Three Hapalemur Species in Madagascar
Publisher
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American Journal of Primatology
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2010
2010-01
Subject
The topic of the resource
bamboo; bamboo lemur; cyanide; Cyantesmo test strips; diet; lemurs; plants; ranomafana national-park; secondary compounds; Zoology
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Yamashita N; Tan C L; Vinyard C J; Williams C
Description
An account of the resource
Three sympatric Hapalemur species (H. g. griseus, H. aureus, and H. (Prolemur) simus) in Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar are known to eat bamboo food parts that contain cyanide. How these lemurs avoid cyanide poisoning remains unknown. In this study, we tested for the presence/absence of cyanide in bamboo lemur foods and excreta to (1) document patterns of cyanide consumption among species with respect to diet, (2) identify routes of elimination of cyanide from the gastrointestinal tract, and (3) determine whether cyanide is absorbed from the diet. We tested 102 food, urine, and fecal samples for hydrogen cyanide (HCN) during two "pre-dry" seasons (April 2006, May 2007) using commercially available Cyantesmo test strips. The test strips changed color in the presence of HCN and we recorded color change on a scale of 0 (no change) to 5 (cobalt) at preset intervals with a final score taken at 24 hr. We detected cyanide in bamboo food parts and urine of all three Hapalemur species. Time to color change of the test strips ranged from almost instantaneous to > 12 hr incubation. Of the foods tested, only bamboo contained cyanide, but results differed among bamboo species and plant parts of the same species. Specifically, branch shoot and culm pith of the giant bamboo produced strong, immediate reactions to the test paper, whereas parts of liana bamboos produced either weak or no color change. Cyanide was present in almost all urine samples but rarely in fecal samples. This suggests that dietary cyanide is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract of the Hapalemur species and excreted, at least in part, by the kidneys. Samples from H. griseus exhibited lower, though still detectable, cyanide levels compared with H. simus and H. aureus. Differences among lemur species appear to be related to the specific bamboo parts consumed. Am. J. Primatol. 72:56-61, 2010. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Identifier
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.20751" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1002/ajp.20751</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Journal Article
2010
American journal of primatology
bamboo
bamboo lemur
cyanide
Cyantesmo test strips
Diet
Journal Article
lemurs
Plants
ranomafana national-park
secondary compounds
Tan C L
Vinyard C J
Williams C
Yamashita N
Zoology