1
40
2
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Text
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URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1111/joa.12991" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1111/joa.12991</a>
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Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Pages
106-123
Issue
1
Volume
235
Dublin Core
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Title
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Ontogenetic allometry and architectural properties of the paravertebral and hindlimb musculature in Eastern cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus): functional implications for developmental changes in locomotor performance
Publisher
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Journal of Anatomy
Date
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2019
2019-07
Subject
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acceleration; force; muscle mass; ontogeny; physiological cross-sectional area; power; scaling
Creator
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Butcher M T; Rose J A; Glenn Z D; Tatomirovich N M; Russo G A; Foster A D; Smith G A; Young J W
Description
An account of the resource
Due to small body size, an immature musculoskeletal system, and other growth-related limits on performance, juvenile mammals frequently experience a greater risk of predation than their adult counterparts. As a result, behaviorally precocious juveniles are hypothesized to exhibit musculoskeletal advantages that permit them to accelerate rapidly and evade predation. This hypothesis was tested through detailed quantitative evaluation of muscle growth in wild Eastern cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus). Cottontail rabbits experience high rates of mortality during the first year of life, suggesting that selection might act to improve performance in growing juveniles. Therefore, it was predicted that muscle properties associated with force and power capacity should be enhanced in juvenile rabbits to facilitate enhanced locomotor performance. We quantified muscle architecture from 24 paravertebral and hindlimb muscles across ontogeny in a sample of n = 29 rabbits and evaluated the body mass scaling of muscle mass (MM), physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA), isometric force (Fmax ), and instantaneous power (Pinst ), along with several dimensionless architectural indices. In contrast to our hypothesis, MM and PCSA for most muscles change with positive allometry during growth by scaling at M b 1.3 and M b 1.1 , respectively, whereas Fmax and Pinst generally scale indistinguishably from isometry, as do the architectural indices tested. However, scaling patterns indicate that the digital flexors and ankle extensors of juvenile S. floridanus have greater capacities for force and power, respectively, than those in adults, suggesting these muscle properties may be a part of several compensatory features that promote enhanced acceleration performance in young rabbits. Overall, our study implies that body size constraints place larger, more mature rabbits at a disadvantage during acceleration, and that adults must develop hypertrophied muscles in order to maintain mechanical similarity in force and power capacities across development. These findings challenge the accepted understanding that juvenile animals are at a performance detriment relative to adults. Instead, for prey-predator interactions necessitating short intervals of high force and power generation relative to body mass, as demonstrated by rapid acceleration of cottontail rabbits fleeing predators, it may be the adults that struggle to keep pace with juveniles.
Identifier
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1111/joa.12991" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1111/joa.12991</a>
2019
acceleration
Butcher M T
Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology
force
Foster A D
Glenn Z D
Journal of anatomy
June 2019 Update
Muscle mass
NEOMED College of Medicine
ontogeny
physiological cross-sectional area
Power
Rose J A
Russo G A
scaling
Smith G A
Tatomirovich N M
Young J W
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2004.tb01174.x" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2004.tb01174.x</a>
Rights
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Pages
491-497
Issue
3
Volume
20
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Lateral mandibular wall thickness in Tursiops truncatus: Variation due to sex and age
Publisher
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Marine Mammal Science
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2004
2004-07
Subject
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age; bottlenose dolphin; hearing; intraspecific variation; lower jaw; mandible; Marine & Freshwater Biology; scaling; sensitivity; sex; thickness; Tursiops truncatus; Zoology
Creator
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Nummela S; Kosove J E; Lancaster T E; Thewissen J G M
Description
An account of the resource
In odontocetes the mandibular bone serves two functions: to capture prey, and as a means of the reception and transmission of sound waves through a fat body in the mandibular canal, which opens posteriorly as the mandibular foramen. The posterior part of the lateral wall of the odontocete mandible is thin, and appears to represent a compromise between a strong mandible for prey capture and a thin vibrating plate for hearing. We studied the intraspecific variation of minimum thickness of the lateral mandibular wall along four transects (T1-T4) at the area of the mandibular foramen, in relation to the skull size and the mandibular size in different-aged bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus (18 females between 1 and 42 yr, 17 males between 1 and 32 yr). The minimum thickness was absolutely at its lowest at the most posterior transect T1, but did not vary significantly between the sexes or between the ages. The minimum thickness varied significantly at the two most anterior transects, T3 and T4, both between the sexes and among the ages. The thickness increased throughout life among males, whereas in females it first increased and then starts to decrease around the age of 20.
Identifier
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2004.tb01174.x" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1111/j.1748-7692.2004.tb01174.x</a>
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Journal Article
2004
Age
bottlenose dolphin
Hearing
intraspecific variation
Journal Article
Kosove J E
Lancaster T E
lower jaw
Mandible
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Marine Mammal Science
Nummela S
scaling
sensitivity
sex
Thewissen J G M
thickness
Tursiops truncatus
Zoology