1
40
2
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Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2013.07.007" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2013.07.007</a>
Rights
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Pages
656-670
Issue
5
Volume
65
Search for Full-text
Locate full-text within NEOMED Library's e-journal collections
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Foramen magnum position in bipedal mammals
Publisher
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Journal of Human Evolution
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2013
2013-11
Subject
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Anthropology; australopithecus-africanus; basicranial flexion; Basicranium; condyles; Convergent; cranial base; energetic cost; evolution; Evolutionary Biology; hominids; Hominin; Locomotion; occipital; Orthogrady; pliopleistocene; postnatal-development; relative brain size; sahelanthropus-tchadensis; south-africa; Trunk posture
Creator
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Russo G A; Kirk E C
Description
An account of the resource
The anterior position of the human foramen magnum is often explained as an adaptation for maintaining balance of the head atop the cervical vertebral column during bipedalism and the assumption of orthograde trunk postures. Accordingly, the relative placement of the foramen magnum on the basicranium has been used to infer bipedal locomotion and hominin status for a number of Mio-Pliocene fossil taxa. Nonetheless, previous studies have struggled to validate the functional link between foramen magnum position and bipedal locomotion. Here, we test the hypothesis that an anteriorly positioned foramen magnum is related to bipedalism through a comparison of basicranial anatomy between bipeds and quadrupeds from three mammalian clades: marsupials, rodents and primates. Additionally, we examine whether strepsirrhine primates that habitually assume orthograde trunk postures exhibit more anteriorly positioned foramina magna compared with non-orthograde strepsirrhines. Our comparative data reveal that bipedal marsupials and rodents have foramina magna that are more anteriorly located than those of quadrupedal close relatives. The foramen magnum is also situated more anteriorly in orthograde strepsirrhines than in pronograde or antipronograde strepsirrhines. Among the primates sampled, humans exhibit the most anteriorly positioned foramina magna. The results of this analysis support the utility of foramen magnum position as an indicator of bipedal locomotion in fossil hominins. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2013.07.007" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.jhevol.2013.07.007</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Journal Article
2013
Anthropology
australopithecus-africanus
basicranial flexion
Basicranium
condyles
Convergent
cranial base
energetic cost
Evolution
Evolutionary Biology
hominids
hominin
Journal Article
Journal of human evolution
Kirk E C
Locomotion
occipital
Orthogrady
pliopleistocene
postnatal-development
relative brain size
Russo G A
sahelanthropus-tchadensis
south-africa
Trunk posture
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1006/jhev.2000.0409" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/10.1006/jhev.2000.0409</a>
Rights
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Pages
153-184
Issue
1
Volume
42
Search for Full-text
Locate full-text within NEOMED Library's e-journal collections
<p>Users with a NEOMED Library login can search for full-text journal articles at the following url: <a href="https://libraryguides.neomed.edu/home">https://libraryguides.neomed.edu/home</a></p>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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The taxonomic status of the Chemeron temporal (KNM-BC 1)
Publisher
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Journal of Human Evolution
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2002
2002-01
Subject
The topic of the resource
Anthropology; australopithecus-africanus; Chemeron temporal; earliest homo; Evolutionary Biology; extant; fossil hominids; hadar formation; hominoids; Homo; lake turkana; meningeal vascular patterns; plio-pleistocene hominids; south-africa; swartkrans formation; temporal bone
Creator
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Sherwood R J; Ward S C; Hill A
Description
An account of the resource
Temporal bone morphology, as part of the basicranium, is commonly used in systematic evaluation of early hominid fossils. When an isolated right temporal bone, KNM-BC 1 (the Chemeron temporal) was discovered in the Baringo Basin, Kenya, Tobias (1967a, Nature 215, 476-480), citing ambiguity of characters, hesitated to place the specimen generically, attributing the fossil only to Hominidae gen. et sp. indet. Since that discovery, the early hominid sample has grown considerably and comparisons with this expanded dataset led Hill et al. (1992a, Nature 355, 719-722) to revise the placement of KNM-BC 1 including it within the genus Homo. This revision was possible due to the increased number of hominid fossil specimens from the late Pliocene/early Pleistocene, most notably members of the genus Homo. A thorough investigation into the utility of the temporal bone in hominid systematics shows that many features, as currently used. in the literature, demonstrate high levels of variation thus questioning their phyletic valence. It is shown, however, that the temporal bone still contains useful systematic information. A detailed anatomical description of KNM-BC 1 is provided and, when discussed in the context of temporal bone features provided, affirms the conclusion of Hill et al. (1992a) and places the fossil within the genus Homo. (C) 2002 Academic Press.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1006/jhev.2000.0409" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1006/jhev.2000.0409</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Journal Article
2002
Anthropology
australopithecus-africanus
Chemeron temporal
earliest homo
Evolutionary Biology
extant
fossil hominids
hadar formation
Hill A
hominoids
Homo
Journal Article
Journal of human evolution
lake turkana
meningeal vascular patterns
plio-pleistocene hominids
Sherwood R J
south-africa
swartkrans formation
temporal bone
Ward S C