INTRODUCTION Smoking remains a major public health issue and a leading cause of death and disability in the United States. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a simple intervention on smoking guidance, based on the electronic…
Neurocysticercosis is a significant public health issue within the United States. Although cysticercosis was once thought to have been eradicated in the United States, the number of documented cases is rising and immigrants from endemic areas are at…
We conducted a multicenter, retrospective cohort study of patients with Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteremia to determine factors associated with antibiotic resistance and mortality. Risk factors were identified using multivariate logistic regression.…
Noninvasive diagnostic studies, i.e., sputum gram stain, sputum culture, blood culture and antigen detection assays will assist the clinician in the selection of initial antimicrobial therapy in some patients. These tests may be even more valuable in…
Pneumococcal disease, which includes pneumococcal pneumonia, meningitis, and bacteremia, is associated with substantial morbidity, mortality, and health care costs in adults. Advanced age, chronic lung or cardiovascular disease, immunosuppressive…
Pneumococcal infection is common in adults, and invasive disease is associated with a high mortality rate. Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine can prevent invasive pneumococcal disease and is recommended for people aged >= 65 years and for younger…
Available studies disagree regarding the influence of patient sex on mortality and complications after spine surgery. We sought to conduct a systematic review and pool the results of existing research to better understand this issue. We performed a…
Background. Streptococcus pneumoniae causes a substantial proportion of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) in the United States. Limited data are available regarding the pneumococcal serotypes causing CAP…
Background: Freestanding emergency departments (FEDs) introduce a challenge to physicians who care for the patient with an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) because treatment is highly time dependent. FEDs have no percutaneous…
Youths who are lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) are more likely than heterosexuals to commit suicide. Substance use, PTSD, and depression are independent risk factors for suicidality; however, the extent to which these factors interact to predict…
Background: Legionnaires disease is a common cause of adult pneumonia. Outbreaks of legionnaires disease have been well described, but little is known about sporadically occurring legionnaires disease, which accounts for most infections. Exposure to…
Analysis of the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data has shown that the incidence of thyroid cancer is higher in patients with a preexisting malignancy and that the incidence of other malignancies is higher in…
Our objective was to describe and compare the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in gynecology and gynecological oncology patients. Five hundred and twenty-nine gynecology and gynecological oncology patients completed a questionnaire…
Objectives: To review the clinical and laboratory findings of 108 adult patients with bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia admitted to a community hospital and to determine the value of sputum Gram stains and cultures in the diagnosis of pneumococcal…
This study was designed to develop and validate a new computerized version of the Symptom Driven Diagnostic System for Primary Care (SDDS-PC) and example its feasi bility in primary care practice. One thousand and one patients (ages 18-70) coming for…
Background: The use of drug samples is a controversial issue in medicine. Objective: We sought to determine the pros and cons of drug sampling, and how drug sampling in general medicine differs from dermatology. Methods: Literature searches were…
This is part of the series of practice guidelines commissioned by the Infectious Diseases Society of America through its Practice Guidelines Committee. The purpose of this guideline is to provide assistance to clinicians in the diagnosis and…
Background: The explosion of medical knowledge, the influence of( )communications technology, and the pressures for health care reform challenge dermatologists to learn efficiently and teach effectively. Observations: The vast body of material on…
Although much is known about broad societal attitudes toward poverty, less is known about how women perceive their own poverty. We sought to examine the types of self attributions low-income women make about their poverty, as well as the association…
Macrolide resistance among Streptococcus pneumoniae is a growing global concern, although its specific impact on public health is not currently well defined. A Consensus Working Group was convened in March 2001 to address whether credible, scientific…
Black currant fruits containing high amounts of anthocyanins are known to possess potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We have previously reported that anthocyanin-rich black currant skin extract (BCSE) inhibits diethylnitrosamine…
Sexual behavior, knowledge of HIV transmission and prevention, perceived risk of AIDS, and safer sex behavior were studied in a sample of 289 single, pregnant. inner-city women. African-American and European-American women were equally represented.…
A primary prevention, behavioral intervention designed to reduce HIV risk behavior was tested in a randomized, controlled trial with single, inner-city women. A total of 935 women were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 conditions: a small group, 6-session…
Background: Numerous studies have reported differences in cancer staging at diagnosis and in survival between Black and White patients with breast cancer. Utilizing data obtained from the National Cancer Institute's (NCI's) Black/White Cancer…
Background: Eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection has had an impact on the treatment and recurrence rates of peptic ulcer disease and malignancies such as mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Treatment options are cumbersome, expensive,…
Context: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is common among adults and contributes considerably to morbidity and mortality. Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of gemifloxacin to high-dose amoxicillin/clavulanate for the treatment of CAP of…
